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'''Kinloss Abbey''' is a [[Cistercians|Cistercian]] [[abbey]] at [[Kinloss, Scotland|Kinloss]] in the county of [[Moray]], [[Scotland]].
'''Kinloss Abbey''' is a [[Cistercians|Cistercian]] [[abbey]] at [[Kinloss, Scotland|Kinloss]] in the county of [[Moray]], [[Scotland]].


The abbey was founded in 1150 by King [[David I of Scotland|David I]] "in order to extend the benefits of civilisation to the remoter regions under his sway."<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |first1=David |last2=Ross |first2=Thomas |title=The Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland from the Earliest Times to the Seventeenth Century |date=1846 |publisher=David Douglas |location=Edinburgh |page=416 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ecclesiastical_Architecture_of_Scotl/BqQaAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=kinloss+abbey&pg=PA416&printsec=frontcover |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref> The legend of its founding is similar to that of the founding of [[Holyrood Abbey]]. According to the legend, while hunting, the king lost his way in the woods but was rescued by a deer, which guided him to a clearing. He was later persuaded by a vision, which he regarded to have been sent by the [[Mary, mother of Jesus | Virgin Mary]], to build a church there in her honor.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=416 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ecclesiastical_Architecture_of_Scotl/BqQaAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref> It was first colonised by monks from [[Melrose Abbey]]. It received its [[Papal bull|Papal Bull]] from [[Pope Alexander III]] in 1174, and later came under the protection of the [[Bishop of Moray]] in 1187. The abbey went on to become one of the largest and wealthiest religious houses in Scotland, receiving the valuable [[salmon]] fishing rights on the [[River Findhorn]] from [[Robert I of Scotland|Robert the Bruce]] in 1312, subsequently renewed by [[James I of Scotland|James I]] and [[James IV of Scotland|James IV]].
The abbey was founded in 1150 by King [[David I of Scotland|David I]] "in order to extend the benefits of civilisation to the remoter regions under his sway."<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |first1=David |last2=Ross |first2=Thomas |title=The Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland from the Earliest Times to the Seventeenth Century |date=1846 |publisher=David Douglas |location=Edinburgh |page=416 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqQaAAAAYAAJ&dq=kinloss+abbey&pg=PA416 |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref> The legend of its founding is similar to that of the founding of [[Holyrood Abbey]]. According to the legend, while hunting, the king lost his way in the woods but was rescued by a deer, which guided him to a clearing. He was later persuaded by a vision, which he regarded to have been sent by the [[Mary, mother of Jesus | Virgin Mary]], to build a church there in her honor.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=416 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqQaAAAAYAAJ&q=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref> It was first colonised by monks from [[Melrose Abbey]]. It received its [[Papal bull|Papal Bull]] from [[Pope Alexander III]] in 1174, and later came under the protection of the [[Bishop of Moray]] in 1187. The abbey went on to become one of the largest and wealthiest religious houses in Scotland, receiving the valuable [[salmon]] fishing rights on the [[River Findhorn]] from [[Robert I of Scotland|Robert the Bruce]] in 1312, subsequently renewed by [[James I of Scotland|James I]] and [[James IV of Scotland|James IV]].


During its history the abbey has received many royal visitors, including [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] in 1303, [[Edward III of England|Edward III]] in 1336 and [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], in 1562. The most renowned of the 24 [[abbot]]s the monastery had was [[Robert Reid (bishop)|Robert Reid]]. Reid introduced organised education, erecting a new fireproof [[library]] enriched with volumes belonging to him personally and, in 1537, a new abbot's house.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=417 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ecclesiastical_Architecture_of_Scotl/BqQaAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref>. He became Bishop of Orkney in 1541. In his will of 1583, he bequeathed "8000 [[Merk (coin) | merks]] 'for to big [build] ane college' in the Burgh of Edinburgh."
During its history the abbey has received many royal visitors, including [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] in 1303, [[Edward III of England|Edward III]] in 1336 and [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], in 1562. The most renowned of the 24 [[abbot]]s the monastery had was [[Robert Reid (bishop)|Robert Reid]]. Reid introduced organised education, erecting a new fireproof [[library]] enriched with volumes belonging to him personally and, in 1537, a new abbot's house.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=417 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqQaAAAAYAAJ&q=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref> He became Bishop of Orkney in 1541. In his will of 1583, he bequeathed "8000 [[Merk (coin) | merks]] 'for to big [build] ane college' in the [[Burgh]] of [[Edinburgh]]."<ref>{{cite web |title="Will of Bishop Robert Reid, 1557" |url=https://ourhistory.is.ed.ac.uk/index.php/Will_of_Bishop_Robert_Reid,_1557 |website=Our History |publisher=University of Edinburgh |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref>


While a student in Paris, Robert Reid formed a friendship with John Ferrerius, a native of the [[Piedmont]] region in [[Italy]], and in 1528 invited him to Kinloss to serve as an educator. While there, Ferrerius wrote a long account of the various abbots of Kinloss and their works, the majority of which have not survived.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=416 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Ecclesiastical_Architecture_of_Scotl/BqQaAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref>
While a student in [[Paris]], Robert Reid formed a friendship with John Ferrerius, a native of the [[Piedmont]] region in [[Italy]], and in 1528 invited him to Kinloss to serve as an educator. While there, Ferrerius wrote a long account of the various abbots of Kinloss and their works, the majority of which have not survived.<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=416 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqQaAAAAYAAJ&q=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref>


The abbey and its lands were part of the [[Barony of Muirton]] and the [[Lord Kinloss|Lordship of Kinloss]] at various times.
The abbey and its lands were part of the [[Barony of Muirton]] and the [[Lord Kinloss|Lordship of Kinloss]] at various times.

In 1553, Bishop Reid was succeeded as abbot by his nephew, Walter Reid, whose abbacy coincided with the upheavals of the [[Scottish Reformation | Protestant Reformation in Scotland]]. During that time, a great part of the lands of Kinloss were alienated to the Crown. [[Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Kinloss | Edward Bruce]] commendator after the Reformation, was granted some of the lands and fishing areas of Kinloss, raising him to the temporal lordship, Lord Bruce of Kinloss. In 1645 the remaining buildings of the abbey were conveyed to [[Clan Brodie | Alexander Brodie of Lethen]], who sold the materials for the construction of [[Oliver Cromwell]]’s [[citadel]] at [[Inverness]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=MacGibbon |title=Ecclesiastical Architecture |page=417 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqQaAAAAYAAJ&q=reid |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref>


Few of the monastic buildings remain standing today. The remains of the abbey are now situated within a [[Cemetery|graveyard]] owned by the local authority, and are therefore accessible at all times. They are designated a [[scheduled ancient monument]].<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=SM1227|desc=Kinloss Abbey|access-date=23 February 2019}}</ref>
Few of the monastic buildings remain standing today. The remains of the abbey are now situated within a [[Cemetery|graveyard]] owned by the local authority, and are therefore accessible at all times. They are designated a [[scheduled ancient monument]].<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=SM1227|desc=Kinloss Abbey|access-date=23 February 2019}}</ref>
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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.kinlossabbey.org/ Kinloss Abbey Trust]
* [http://www.kinlossabbey.org/ Kinloss Abbey Trust]
* {{cite web|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08659a.htm|title=Kinloss|work=[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08659a.htm|title=Kinloss|encyclopedia=[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]}}


{{Scottish Cistercian Houses}}
{{Scottish Cistercian Houses}}

Revision as of 02:17, 27 August 2024

Kinloss Abbey
Monastery information
OrderCistercian
Established1151
Disestablished1601
Mother houseMelrose Abbey
DioceseDiocese of Moray
Controlled churchesAvoch; Ellon
People
Founder(s)David I of Scotland
Important associated figuresRadulf, Robert Reid

Kinloss Abbey is a Cistercian abbey at Kinloss in the county of Moray, Scotland.

The abbey was founded in 1150 by King David I "in order to extend the benefits of civilisation to the remoter regions under his sway."[1] The legend of its founding is similar to that of the founding of Holyrood Abbey. According to the legend, while hunting, the king lost his way in the woods but was rescued by a deer, which guided him to a clearing. He was later persuaded by a vision, which he regarded to have been sent by the Virgin Mary, to build a church there in her honor.[2] It was first colonised by monks from Melrose Abbey. It received its Papal Bull from Pope Alexander III in 1174, and later came under the protection of the Bishop of Moray in 1187. The abbey went on to become one of the largest and wealthiest religious houses in Scotland, receiving the valuable salmon fishing rights on the River Findhorn from Robert the Bruce in 1312, subsequently renewed by James I and James IV.

During its history the abbey has received many royal visitors, including Edward I in 1303, Edward III in 1336 and Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1562. The most renowned of the 24 abbots the monastery had was Robert Reid. Reid introduced organised education, erecting a new fireproof library enriched with volumes belonging to him personally and, in 1537, a new abbot's house.[3] He became Bishop of Orkney in 1541. In his will of 1583, he bequeathed "8000 merks 'for to big [build] ane college' in the Burgh of Edinburgh."[4]

While a student in Paris, Robert Reid formed a friendship with John Ferrerius, a native of the Piedmont region in Italy, and in 1528 invited him to Kinloss to serve as an educator. While there, Ferrerius wrote a long account of the various abbots of Kinloss and their works, the majority of which have not survived.[5]

The abbey and its lands were part of the Barony of Muirton and the Lordship of Kinloss at various times.

In 1553, Bishop Reid was succeeded as abbot by his nephew, Walter Reid, whose abbacy coincided with the upheavals of the Protestant Reformation in Scotland. During that time, a great part of the lands of Kinloss were alienated to the Crown. Edward Bruce commendator after the Reformation, was granted some of the lands and fishing areas of Kinloss, raising him to the temporal lordship, Lord Bruce of Kinloss. In 1645 the remaining buildings of the abbey were conveyed to Alexander Brodie of Lethen, who sold the materials for the construction of Oliver Cromwell’s citadel at Inverness.[6]

Few of the monastic buildings remain standing today. The remains of the abbey are now situated within a graveyard owned by the local authority, and are therefore accessible at all times. They are designated a scheduled ancient monument.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ MacGibbon, David; Ross, Thomas (1846). The Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland from the Earliest Times to the Seventeenth Century. Edinburgh: David Douglas. p. 416. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  2. ^ MacGibbon. Ecclesiastical Architecture. p. 416. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  3. ^ MacGibbon. Ecclesiastical Architecture. p. 417. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  4. ^ ""Will of Bishop Robert Reid, 1557"". Our History. University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  5. ^ MacGibbon. Ecclesiastical Architecture. p. 416. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  6. ^ MacGibbon. Ecclesiastical Architecture. p. 417. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  7. ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Kinloss Abbey (SM1227)". Retrieved 23 February 2019.

57°38′02″N 3°33′59″W / 57.6338°N 3.5665°W / 57.6338; -3.5665


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