Betsileo sportive lemur: Difference between revisions
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{{Speciesbox |
{{Speciesbox |
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| taxon = Lepilemur betsileo |
| taxon = Lepilemur betsileo |
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| authority = [[Edward E. Louis, Jr.|Louis]] ''et al.''., 2006 |
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| authority = [[Edward E. Louis, Jr.|Louis]] ''et al.''., 2006<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Louis Jr. | first1 = E.E. | last2 = Engberg | first2 = S.E. | last3 = Lei | first3 = R. | last4 = Geng | first4 = H. | last5 = Sommer | first5 = J.A. | last6 = Ramaromilanto | first6 = R. | last7 = Randriamanana | first7 = J.C. | last8 = Zaonarivelo | first8 = J.R. | last9 = Andriantompohavana | first9 = R. | last10 = Randria | first10 = G. | last11 = Prosper | last12 = Ramaromilanto | first12 = B. | last13 = Rakotoarisoa | first13 = G. | last14 = Rooney | first14 = A. | last15 = Brenneman | first15 = R.A. | year = 2006 | title = Molecular and morphological analyses of the sportive lemurs (Family Megaladapidae: Genus ''Lepilemur'') reveals 11 previously unrecognized species | journal = Texas Tech University Special Publications | issue = 49 | pages = 1–49 | url = http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/specpubs/sps/SP49.pdf }}</ref> |
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| status = EN |
| status = EN |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{ |
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Louis, E.E. |author2=Mittermeier, R.A. |author3=Rakotoarisoa, G. |author4=Randrianambinina, B. |author5=Randriatahina, G. |author6=Rasoloharijaona, S. |author7=Ratelolahy, F. |author8=Ratsimbazafy, J. |author9=Réné De Roland, L.A. |author10=Volampeno, S. |author11=Zaonarivelo, J. |date=2020 |title=''Lepilemur betsileo'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T136662A115584379 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136662A115584379.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| status2 = CITES_A1 |
| status2 = CITES_A1 |
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| status2_system = CITES |
| status2_system = CITES |
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| status2_ref = <ref>{{cite web | url = http://checklist.cites.org/#/en/search/scientific_name=Lepilemur | title = Checklist of CITES Species | website = CITES | publisher = UNEP-WCMC | access-date = 18 March 2015}}</ref> |
| status2_ref = <ref>{{cite web | url = http://checklist.cites.org/#/en/search/scientific_name=Lepilemur | title = Checklist of CITES Species | website = CITES | publisher = UNEP-WCMC | access-date = 18 March 2015}}</ref> |
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| range_map = Lepilemur betsileo range map.svg |
| range_map = Lepilemur betsileo range map.svg |
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| range_map_caption = Distribution of ''L. betsileo''<ref name=iucn/> |
| range_map_caption = Distribution of ''L. betsileo''<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Betsileo sportive lemur''' ('''''Lepilemur betsileo''''') is a [[sportive lemur]] endemic to [[Madagascar]]. Like all members of its genus, it is [[Nocturnality|nocturnal]] and largely [[Folivore|folivorous]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Mittermeier |first1=Russell |title=Lemurs of Madagascar |last2=Reuter |first2=Kim |last3=Rylands |first3=Anthony |last4=Louis |first4=Edward |last5=Ratsimbazafy |first5=Jonah |last6=Rene de Roland |first6=Lily-Arison |last7=Langrand |first7=Olivier |last8=Schwitzer |first8=Christoph |last9=Johnson |first9=Steig |publisher=Re:wild |year=2023 |isbn=978-1737285168 |edition=5th}}</ref> It is threatened by habitat loss.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Louis, E.E. |author2=Mittermeier, R.A. |author3=Rakotoarisoa, G. |author4=Randrianambinina, B. |author5=Randriatahina, G. |author6=Rasoloharijaona, S. |author7=Ratelolahy, F. |author8=Ratsimbazafy, J. |author9=Réné De Roland, L.A. |author10=Volampeno, S. |author11=Zaonarivelo, J. |date=2020 |title=''Lepilemur betsileo'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T136662A115584379 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136662A115584379.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref> |
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The '''betsileo sportive lemur''' (''Lepilemur betsileo'') is a [[sportive lemur]] endemic to [[Madagascar]]. It is a relatively large sportive lemur with a total length of about {{convert|58|to|27|cm|in|abbr=on}}, of which 32 to 33 cm (12.6 to 13 in) are tail.<ref name="garbutt">{{cite book|title=Mammals of Madagascar, A Complete Guide|url=https://archive.org/details/mammalsmadagasca00garb_046|url-access=limited|author=Garbutt, Nick|year=2007|pages=[https://archive.org/details/mammalsmadagasca00garb_046/page/n117 116]–117}}</ref> The betsileo sportive lemur is found in eastern Madagascar, living in primary and secondary rainforests .<ref name="garbutt" /> |
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== Taxonomy and phylogenetics == |
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The Betsileo sportive lemur was described in 2006 based on genetic samples and [[morphometrics]] collected in 2000 and 2004. The specific epithet ''betsileo'' is in reference to the [[Betsileo people]].<ref name=":1" /> Genetic analyses show that the Betsileo sportive lemur is a [[sister species]] to [[James' sportive lemur]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lei |first1=Runhua |last2=Frasier |first2=Cynthia L. |last3=Hawkins |first3=Melissa T. R. |last4=Engberg |first4=Shannon E. |last5=Bailey |first5=Carolyn A. |last6=Johnson |first6=Steig E. |last7=McLain |first7=Adam T. |last8=Groves |first8=Colin P. |last9=Perry |first9=George H. |last10=Nash |first10=Stephen D. |last11=Mittermeier |first11=Russell A. |last12=Louis |first12=Edward E. |date=2016-10-03 |title=Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Sportive Lemurs (genus<i>Lepilemur</i>) Recovered from Mitogenomes with Inferences for Madagascar Biogeography |url=https://academic.oup.com/jhered/article/108/2/107/2631578 |journal=Journal of Heredity |pages=esw072 |doi=10.1093/jhered/esw072 |doi-access=free |pmid=28173059 |issn=0022-1503}}</ref> |
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== Description == |
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The Betsileo sportive lemur is predominantly grayish to reddish-brown, with the back darker than the underside. The tail is black, contrasting sharply with the rest of the body. The lower face below the mouth is white, while the rest of the face is gray. The fur in the ear [[Auricle (anatomy)|auricle]] is light and bordered by dark hairs along the outer edge.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm75214264 |title=Molecular and morphological analyses of the sportive lemurs (Family Megaladapidae: Genus Lepilemur) reveals 11 previously unrecognized species |date=2006 |publisher=Museum of Texas Tech University |isbn=978-1-929330-10-2 |editor-last=Louis |editor-first=Edward E. |series=Special publications / Museum of Texas Tech University |location=Lubbock, TX |oclc=ocm75214264}}</ref> |
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The species is relatively large. The head-body length measures 25 cm and the tail length is 28 cm, which combined together gives a total length of 53 cm. It weighs 1.1-1.2 kg.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |
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== Distribution and habitat == |
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The Betsileo sportive lemur is only known from the [[Fandriana District|Fandriana]] region of central-eastern Madagascar. While the northern and southern limits of its range have yet to be identified, they are suspected to be the [[Mangoro River|Mangoro]]/[[Onive River|Onive]] and [[Namorona]] rivers, respectively.<ref name=":1" /> Using [[Species distribution modelling|niche modeling]], a 2018 study estimated the species to occupy 1,167 km<sup>2</sup> and have a population size of approximately 2,315 individuals.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Herrera |first1=James P. |last2=Borgerson |first2=Cortni |last3=Tongasoa |first3=Lydia |last4=Andriamahazoarivosoa |first4=Pascal |last5=Rasolofoniaina |first5=B. J. Rodolph |last6=Rakotondrafarasata |first6=Eli R. |last7=Randrianasolo |first7=J. L. Rado Ravoavy |last8=Johnson |first8=Steig E. |last9=Wright |first9=Patricia C. |last10=Golden |first10=Christopher D. |date=2018 |title=Estimating the population size of lemurs based on their mutualistic food trees |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.13409 |journal=Journal of Biogeography |language=en |volume=45 |issue=11 |pages=2546–2563 |doi=10.1111/jbi.13409 |issn=0305-0270}}</ref> Within its range, it inhabits [[Rainforest|rainforests]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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== Threats and conservation == |
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The main threats to the Betsileo sportive lemur is habitat loss due to agricultural practices, use and modification of biological resources, and unsustainable levels of hunting.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> The only protected area in which it is known to be present is the [[Bemosary Classified Forest]] in the [[Fandriana-Vondrozo Corridor]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category:Sportive lemurs]] |
[[Category:Sportive lemurs]] |
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[[Category:Mammals described in 2006]] |
[[Category:Mammals described in 2006]] |
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[[Category:Endangered fauna of Africa]] |
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{{lemur-stub}}{{mammal-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 04:44, 3 September 2024
| Betsileo sportive lemur | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Strepsirrhini |
| Family: | Lepilemuridae |
| Genus: | Lepilemur |
| Species: | L. betsileo
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| Binomial name | |
| Lepilemur betsileo Louis et al.., 2006
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| |
| Distribution of L. betsileo[1] | |
The Betsileo sportive lemur (Lepilemur betsileo) is a sportive lemur endemic to Madagascar. Like all members of its genus, it is nocturnal and largely folivorous.[3] It is threatened by habitat loss.[1]
Taxonomy and phylogenetics
[edit]The Betsileo sportive lemur was described in 2006 based on genetic samples and morphometrics collected in 2000 and 2004. The specific epithet betsileo is in reference to the Betsileo people.[4] Genetic analyses show that the Betsileo sportive lemur is a sister species to James' sportive lemur.[5]
Description
[edit]The Betsileo sportive lemur is predominantly grayish to reddish-brown, with the back darker than the underside. The tail is black, contrasting sharply with the rest of the body. The lower face below the mouth is white, while the rest of the face is gray. The fur in the ear auricle is light and bordered by dark hairs along the outer edge.[3][4]
The species is relatively large. The head-body length measures 25 cm and the tail length is 28 cm, which combined together gives a total length of 53 cm. It weighs 1.1-1.2 kg.[3][4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The Betsileo sportive lemur is only known from the Fandriana region of central-eastern Madagascar. While the northern and southern limits of its range have yet to be identified, they are suspected to be the Mangoro/Onive and Namorona rivers, respectively.[4] Using niche modeling, a 2018 study estimated the species to occupy 1,167 km2 and have a population size of approximately 2,315 individuals.[6] Within its range, it inhabits rainforests.[3]
Threats and conservation
[edit]The main threats to the Betsileo sportive lemur is habitat loss due to agricultural practices, use and modification of biological resources, and unsustainable levels of hunting.[1] The only protected area in which it is known to be present is the Bemosary Classified Forest in the Fandriana-Vondrozo Corridor.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Louis, E.E.; Mittermeier, R.A.; Rakotoarisoa, G.; Randrianambinina, B.; Randriatahina, G.; Rasoloharijaona, S.; Ratelolahy, F.; Ratsimbazafy, J.; Réné De Roland, L.A.; Volampeno, S.; Zaonarivelo, J. (2020). "Lepilemur betsileo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136662A115584379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136662A115584379.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ "Checklist of CITES Species". CITES. UNEP-WCMC. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
- ^ a b c d e Mittermeier, Russell; Reuter, Kim; Rylands, Anthony; Louis, Edward; Ratsimbazafy, Jonah; Rene de Roland, Lily-Arison; Langrand, Olivier; Schwitzer, Christoph; Johnson, Steig (2023). Lemurs of Madagascar (5th ed.). Re:wild. ISBN 978-1737285168.
- ^ a b c d Louis, Edward E., ed. (2006). Molecular and morphological analyses of the sportive lemurs (Family Megaladapidae: Genus Lepilemur) reveals 11 previously unrecognized species. Special publications / Museum of Texas Tech University. Lubbock, TX: Museum of Texas Tech University. ISBN 978-1-929330-10-2. OCLC 75214264.
- ^ Lei, Runhua; Frasier, Cynthia L.; Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Engberg, Shannon E.; Bailey, Carolyn A.; Johnson, Steig E.; McLain, Adam T.; Groves, Colin P.; Perry, George H.; Nash, Stephen D.; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Louis, Edward E. (2016-10-03). "Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Sportive Lemurs (genusLepilemur) Recovered from Mitogenomes with Inferences for Madagascar Biogeography". Journal of Heredity: esw072. doi:10.1093/jhered/esw072. ISSN 0022-1503. PMID 28173059.
- ^ Herrera, James P.; Borgerson, Cortni; Tongasoa, Lydia; Andriamahazoarivosoa, Pascal; Rasolofoniaina, B. J. Rodolph; Rakotondrafarasata, Eli R.; Randrianasolo, J. L. Rado Ravoavy; Johnson, Steig E.; Wright, Patricia C.; Golden, Christopher D. (2018). "Estimating the population size of lemurs based on their mutualistic food trees". Journal of Biogeography. 45 (11): 2546–2563. doi:10.1111/jbi.13409. ISSN 0305-0270.