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{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Michael F. Adams
|name = Michael F. Adams
|image = Michael F. Adams (8267540440) (cropped).jpg
|image = Michael F. Adams 2013 cropped.jpg
|caption = Adams at the [[Peabody Award]]s in 2010
|caption = Adams at the [[Peabody Award]]s in 2013
|order =
|order =
|title = 21st [[List of University of Georgia people#Chief executives and presidents of the University of Georgia|President of the University of Georgia]]
|title = 21st [[List of University of Georgia people#Chief executives and presidents of the University of Georgia|President of the University of Georgia]]
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|title1 = 19th [[List of presidents of Centre College|President of Centre College]]
|title1 = 19th [[List of presidents of Centre College|President of Centre College]]
|term_start1 = December 1988
|term_start1 = December 1988
|term_end1 = 1997
|term_end1 = June 1997
|predecessor1 = [[Richard L. Morrill]]
|predecessor1 = [[Richard L. Morrill]]
|successor1 = [[John A. Roush]]
|successor1 = [[John A. Roush]]
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|spouse = {{Marriage|Mary Lynn Ethridge|June 7, 1969}}
|spouse = {{Marriage|Mary Lynn Ethridge|June 7, 1969}}
}}
}}
'''Michael Fred Adams''' (born March 25, 1948) is an American former political staffer, educator, and academic administrator. He began his career as a staffer for [[Party leaders of the United States Senate|Senate minority leader]] [[Howard Baker]], including as Baker's chief of staff. After an unsuccessful run for the [[House of Representatives]] in [[1980 United States House of Representatives elections|1980]], he worked as a senior advisor to [[Governor of Tennessee]] [[Lamar Alexander]]. His first foray into academia was as a professor and the vice president for university affairs at [[Pepperdine University]], where he remained until 1988. That year, he took the presidency of [[Centre College]] in [[Danville, Kentucky]], which he held until 1997. At Centre, he added several degree programs, completed a $60 million fundraiser, renovated and improved many buildings on campus, and tripled the school's [[Financial endowment|endowment]]. He applied for the presidency of the [[University of Georgia]] (UGA) on the last day to apply and was ultimately selected for the job. He was announced as UGA's 21st president in June 1997 and took office that September.
'''Michael Fred Adams''' (born March 25, 1948) is an American former political staffer, educator, and academic administrator who is currently president ''[[emeritus]]'' of the [[University of Georgia]]. He was president of the school from 1997 to 2013 and before that was president of [[Centre College]] from 1988 to 1997.

Adams' presidency at UGA was not without controversy. Shortly into his term, he reduced the number of senior vice presidents from seven to three and his expenses prompted an audit from the accounting firm [[Deloitte|Deloitte & Touche]]. His disagreement with, and subsequent refusal to extend the contract of, longtime athletic director [[Vince Dooley]] was unpopular among many, and a poll among faculty from one of the university's colleges showed that a majority of the college's faculty lacked confidence in his administration. His presidency resulted in significant growth for the university, however; enrollment grew to 35,000 students and the endowment nearly tripled. Five new colleges were created, and UGA athletics experienced success in winning nineteen national championships and seeing their revenue nearly quadruple. He resigned as UGA president in May 2012 and left office in July 2013. He was later named chancellor at Pepperdine, a position he held from August 2015 to July 2018.


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
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===Centre College, 1988–1997===
===Centre College, 1988–1997===
[[File:Horky House, Centre College, Maple Avenue, Danville, KY - 51985223431.jpg|thumb|right|Horky House ''(pictured in 2021)'' was converted during Adams' presidency at Centre to house the admissions office.<ref name="cc" />]]
Adams was named the nineteenth president of [[Centre College]], in [[Danville, Kentucky]], in December 1988.<ref name="cc">{{cite web |title=Michael F. Adams, Centre College President (1988&ndash;1997) |url=https://sc.centre.edu/ency/a/adams.html |website=CentreCyclopedia |publisher=[[Centre College]] |access-date=August 25, 2024}}</ref> He was Centre's first non-[[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] president.{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=119}}
Adams was named the nineteenth president of [[Centre College]], in [[Danville, Kentucky]], in December 1988.<ref name="cc">{{cite web |title=Michael F. Adams, Centre College President (1988&ndash;1997) |url=https://sc.centre.edu/ency/a/adams.html |website=CentreCyclopedia |publisher=[[Centre College]] |access-date=August 25, 2024}}</ref> He was Centre's first non-[[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] president.{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=119}}


Adams expanded and improved Centre's campus and offerings both in Kentucky and abroad. Old Centre, the Carnegie Library, Horky House, Combs Warehouse, and several houses on Greek Row underwent renovation and improvement during his tenure, as did several dormitories on campus. [[Study abroad]] programs in London and [[Strasbourg]] were also established. The college added multiple degree offerings, including [[anthropology]] and [[sociology]], [[computer science]], and [[classics]].<ref name="cc" /> Fundraising was also a major emphasis of Adams' administration; Centre had received multiple large research initiative grants from the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] and the [[National Science Foundation]], respectively, and outraised a $60&nbsp;million goal as part of their Front and Centre fundraising campaign. Over Adams' tenure as president, Centre's [[Financial endowment|endowment]] tripled to a total in excess of $120&nbsp;million. Additonally, Centre became the top college by the percentage of its alumni to donate.<ref name="named-uga" />
Adams expanded and improved Centre's campus and offerings both in Kentucky and abroad. Old Centre, the Carnegie Library, Horky House, and Combs Warehouse, underwent renovation and improvement during his tenure.<ref name="cc" /> Greek Row was established, with fraternities receiving newly built houses in 1995 and sororities receiving separate chapter houses for the first time since appearing on campus for the first time in 1980 the year prior.{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=122}} The former fraternity houses were converted into new dormitory buildings, named for Centre alumni and important figures, including Cooper Hall (for U.S. Senator [[John Sherman Cooper]]), Vinson Hall (for Chief Justice [[Fred Vinson]]), Ganfield Hall (for Centre President [[William Arthur Ganfield]]), and Stevenson Hall (for U.S. Vice President [[Adlai Stevenson I]]).{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=122}} [[Study abroad]] programs in London, [[Strasbourg]], and [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]] were also established.{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=120}} The college added multiple degree offerings, including [[anthropology]] and [[sociology]], [[computer science]], and [[classics]].<ref name="cc" /> Fundraising was also a major emphasis of Adams' administration; Centre had received multiple large research initiative grants from the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]] and the [[National Science Foundation]], respectively, and outraised a $60&nbsp;million goal as part of their Front and Centre fundraising campaign. Over Adams' tenure as president, Centre's [[Financial endowment|endowment]] tripled to a total in excess of $120&nbsp;million. Additionally, Centre became the top college in the country by the percentage of its alumni to donate.<ref name="named-uga" />

The John C. Young Honors Program, named in honor of Centre's fourth president [[John C. Young (pastor)|John C. Young]], which provided a group of seniors with support in a research project, was established in 1989.{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=121}} Access to the Internet was first established on campus at Centre in 1993,{{sfn|Weston|2019|page=120}} the same year that the faculty split from the College Council, which had previously comprised the whole faculty and a selection of students and staff, to become its own separate body.{{sfn|Weston|2019|pages=121–122}}


Adams attracted some disdain from the faculty at Centre while there: after he made what were described by faculty members as unilateral changes to the faculty handbook, a move that violated college policy, a selection of faculty began what Rich Whitt described as a "quiet revolt". Several Centre professors reported that tension between faculty and administration grew significantly under Adams.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=39}}
Adams attracted some disdain from the faculty at Centre while there: after he made what were described by faculty members as unilateral changes to the faculty handbook, a move that violated college policy, a selection of faculty began what Rich Whitt described as a "quiet revolt". Several Centre professors reported that tension between faculty and administration grew significantly under Adams.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=39}}


While president of Centre, Adams held numerous leadership roles at various organizations. These included stints as a vice chair on the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] Presidents Commission, the Board of the [[National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities]], the Board of the [[American Council on Education]], the Board of the [[Kentucky Center for Public Issues]], [[Leadership Kentucky]], the Executive Council of the [[Southern Association of Colleges and Schools]].<ref name="cc" /> He helped to reorganize, and was the first president of, the [[Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference]], of which Centre was a member.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of the SCAC |url=https://scacsports.com/information/history |website=[[Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference]] |access-date=August 25, 2024}}</ref><ref name="named-uga" />
While president of Centre, Adams held numerous leadership roles at various organizations. These included stints as a vice chair on the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] Presidents Commission, the Board of the [[National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities]], the Board of the [[American Council on Education]], the Board of the [[Kentucky Center for Public Issues]], [[Leadership Kentucky]], the Executive Council of the [[Southern Association of Colleges and Schools]].<ref name="cc" /> He helped to reorganize, and was the first president of, the [[Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference]], of which Centre was a member.<ref>{{cite journal |title=History of the SCAC |url=https://scacsports.com/information/history |website=[[Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference]] |access-date=August 25, 2024}}</ref><ref name="named-uga" />


===University of Georgia, 1997–2013===
===University of Georgia, 1997–2013===
Adams applied for the presidency at the [[University of Georgia]] (UGA), left vacant by the resignation of [[Charles Boynton Knapp|Chuck Knapp]] in 1996, on the last possible day.<ref>{{cite web |title=President's Resignation of University of Georgia-Knapp, 1996 |url=https://uwg.galileo.usg.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/69166 |website=[[University of West Georgia]] Special Collections |publisher=[[University System of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=1996}}</ref><ref name="about" /> He was announced as UGA's incoming president on June 11, 1997,<ref name="named-uga" /> an announcement that surprised many UGA faculty and students due to Adams' lack of experience in leadership at large [[Flagship#Colleges and universities in the United States|flagship universities]].{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=34}} He resigned from Centre effective around that same time<ref name="cc" /> and took office as UGA's twenty-first president on September 1, 1997.<ref name="named-uga">{{cite web |title=Adams named University of Georgia president |url=https://www.usg.edu/news/release/adams_named_university_of_georgia_president |website=[[University System of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=June 11, 1997}}</ref>{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=35}} At Georgia, his starting annual salary was $177,000,<ref name="named-uga"/> though he was making upwards of $1&nbsp;million by the time of his retirement.<ref>{{cite web |title=Former Ohio State president tops highest-paid list |url=https://www.beaconjournal.com/story/news/nation-world/2014/05/18/former-ohio-state-president-tops/10653340007/ |website=[[Akron Beacon Journal]] |access-date=August 26, 2024 |date=May 18, 2014}}</ref>
Adams applied for the presidency at the [[University of Georgia]] (UGA), left vacant by the resignation of [[Charles Boynton Knapp|Chuck Knapp]] in 1996, on the last possible day.<ref>{{cite web |title=President's Resignation of University of Georgia-Knapp, 1996 |url=https://uwg.galileo.usg.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/69166 |website=[[University of West Georgia]] Special Collections |publisher=[[University System of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=1996}}</ref><ref name="about" /> He was one of three finalists for the position, along with [[University of Michigan]] vice president [[Bernie Machen]] and [[North Carolina State University]] vice provost [[Debra W. Stewart]].{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=34}} Ultimately, he was selected, and he was announced as UGA's incoming president on June 11, 1997,<ref name="named-uga" /> an announcement that surprised many UGA faculty and students due to Adams' lack of experience in leadership at large [[Flagship#Colleges and universities in the United States|flagship universities]].{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=34}} He resigned from Centre effective around that same time<ref name="cc" /> and took office as UGA's twenty-first president on September 1, 1997.<ref name="named-uga">{{cite web |title=Adams named University of Georgia president |url=https://www.usg.edu/news/release/adams_named_university_of_georgia_president |website=[[University System of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=June 11, 1997}}</ref>{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=35}} At Georgia, his starting annual salary was $177,000,<ref name="named-uga"/> though he was making upwards of $1&nbsp;million by the time of his retirement.<ref>{{cite web |title=Former Ohio State president tops highest-paid list |url=https://www.beaconjournal.com/story/news/nation-world/2014/05/18/former-ohio-state-president-tops/10653340007/ |website=[[Akron Beacon Journal]] |access-date=August 26, 2024 |date=May 18, 2014}}</ref>


Shortly into his stint at Georgia, Adams announced that the school's staff of seven senior vice presidents would be reduced to just three, and that the school would be creating a provost position, filled by [[Karen Holbrook]], who was hand-picked by Adams from the [[University of Florida]]'s senior leadership team.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=41}} Following the conclusion of the 2001–2002 academic year, Adams used a reported job offer for the presidency of [[Ohio State University]]—with a supposed salary of between $850,000 and $1,000,000—to leverage a salary increase from the UGA Foundation, which they granted.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|pages=95–96}}
Shortly into his stint at Georgia, Adams announced that the school's staff of seven senior vice presidents would be reduced to just three, and that the school would be creating a provost position, filled by [[Karen Holbrook]], who was hand-picked by Adams from the [[University of Florida]]'s senior leadership team.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=41}} Following the conclusion of the 2001–2002 academic year, Adams used a reported job offer for the presidency of [[Ohio State University]]—with a supposed salary of between $850,000 and $1,000,000—to leverage a salary increase from the UGA Foundation, which they granted.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|pages=95–96}}


In July 2003, the University underwent an audit from [[Deloitte|Deloitte & Touche]] to investigate issues including Adams' expenses, especially those for travel, and payments to his wife.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|pages=91–92}} These expenses included a trip to watch [[First inauguration of George W. Bush|George W. Bush's inauguration]] and a commencement reception for a graduating law school class which included Adams' son.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=92}}
In July 2003, the university underwent an audit from [[Deloitte|Deloitte & Touche]] to investigate issues including Adams' expenses, especially those for travel, and payments to his wife.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|pages=91–92}} These expenses included a trip to watch [[First inauguration of George W. Bush|George W. Bush's inauguration]], a commencement reception for a graduating law school class which included Adams' son,{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=92}} and a trip to attend the funeral of [[Robert L. McLeod]], who had been president of Centre from 1938 to 1945.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=93}} Several of these expenses, it was noted by the auditors, were reimbursed by Adams to the university or the UGA Foundation.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=93}}


A dispute arose beginning in mid-2003 between Adams and members of the faculty regarding UGA's leadership and their confidence in Adams. Disagreement between Adams and longtime athletic director and former football coach [[Vince Dooley]] led to Dooley's retirement after his contract was not renewed,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Newberry |first1=Paul |title=Vince Dooley, longtime Georgia football coach, dies at 90 |url=https://apnews.com/article/college-football-sports-georgia-athens-297d853db7f840dabd45a37f2fd6ad65 |website=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=October 29, 2022}}</ref> a move that drew ire from many.<ref name="dispute">{{cite web |last1=Markman |first1=Ross |title=University's faculty members ready to 'move forward' |url=http://onlineathens.com/stories/080904/uga_20040809023.shtml |website=[[Athens Banner-Herald]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071004214545/http://onlineathens.com/stories/080904/uga_20040809023.shtml |archive-date=October 4, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Years earlier, Adams had fired head football coach [[Jim Donnan]] despite the fact that Dooley recommended otherwise.<ref name="redandblack" /> In July of that year, a poll of the [[Franklin College of Arts and Sciences]] revealed that seven out of ten faculty members lacked confidence in Adams' administration and the faculty senate released a statement alluding to an "erosion in excellence" over the course of his tenure. Around this time, the UGA Foundation announced that it would no longer provide Adams with additional annual compensation of over $300,000, but would instead donate to the UGA general fund.<ref name="dispute" /> In July 2010, athletic director [[Damon Evans]], whom Adams hired to replace Dooley, was arrested for [[DUI]] and resigned as a result.<ref>{{cite web |title=Damon Evans out as UGA athletic director |url=http://www.wsbtv.com/news/24137668/detail.html |website=[[WSB-TV]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706235612/http://www.wsbtv.com/news/24137668/detail.html |archive-date=July 6, 2010 |date=July 4, 2010}}</ref> In spite of the scandals that took place within the Georgia athletic department during Adams' tenure, which also included NCAA violations for academic fraud that took place under the watch of head men's basketball coach [[Jim Harrick]],<ref name="abh-marc" /> UGA teams won nineteen national championships and athletic department revenue grew from $25.7&nbsp;million to $92.1&nbsp;million.<ref name="abh-marc">{{cite web |last1=Weiszer |first1=Marc |title=Michael Adams leaves presidency with big imprint on UGA sports |url=https://www.onlineathens.com/article/20130518/SPORTS/305189927 |website=[[Athens Banner-Herald]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018013542/https://www.onlineathens.com/article/20130518/SPORTS/305189927 |archive-date=October 18, 2019 |date=May 18, 2013}}</ref>
A dispute arose beginning in mid-2003 between Adams and members of the faculty regarding UGA's leadership and their confidence in Adams. Disagreement between Adams and longtime athletic director and former football coach [[Vince Dooley]] led to Dooley's retirement after his contract was not renewed,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Newberry |first1=Paul |title=Vince Dooley, longtime Georgia football coach, dies at 90 |url=https://apnews.com/article/college-football-sports-georgia-athens-297d853db7f840dabd45a37f2fd6ad65 |website=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=October 29, 2022}}</ref> a move that drew ire from many.<ref name="dispute">{{cite web |last1=Markman |first1=Ross |title=University's faculty members ready to 'move forward' |url=http://onlineathens.com/stories/080904/uga_20040809023.shtml |website=[[Athens Banner-Herald]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071004214545/http://onlineathens.com/stories/080904/uga_20040809023.shtml |archive-date=October 4, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Years earlier, Adams had fired head football coach [[Jim Donnan]] despite the fact that Dooley recommended otherwise.<ref name="redandblack" /> In July of that year, a poll of the [[Franklin College of Arts and Sciences]] revealed that seven out of ten faculty members lacked confidence in Adams' administration and the faculty senate released a statement alluding to an "erosion in excellence" over the course of his tenure. Around this time, the UGA Foundation announced that it would no longer provide Adams with additional annual compensation of over $300,000, but would instead donate to the UGA general fund.<ref name="dispute" /> In July 2010, athletic director [[Damon Evans]], whom Adams hired to replace Dooley, was arrested for [[DUI]] and resigned as a result.<ref>{{cite web |title=Damon Evans out as UGA athletic director |url=http://www.wsbtv.com/news/24137668/detail.html |website=[[WSB-TV]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706235612/http://www.wsbtv.com/news/24137668/detail.html |archive-date=July 6, 2010 |date=July 4, 2010}}</ref> In spite of the scandals that took place within the Georgia athletic department during Adams' tenure, which also included NCAA violations for academic fraud that took place under the watch of head men's basketball coach [[Jim Harrick]],<ref name="abh-marc" /> UGA teams won nineteen national championships and athletic department revenue grew from $25.7&nbsp;million to $92.1&nbsp;million.<ref name="abh-marc">{{cite web |last1=Weiszer |first1=Marc |title=Michael Adams leaves presidency with big imprint on UGA sports |url=https://www.onlineathens.com/article/20130518/SPORTS/305189927 |website=[[Athens Banner-Herald]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018013542/https://www.onlineathens.com/article/20130518/SPORTS/305189927 |archive-date=October 18, 2019 |date=May 18, 2013}}</ref>


During Adams' presidency, UGA established five new colleges: the [[University of Georgia School of Public and International Affairs|School of Public and International Affairs]] and the [[University of Georgia College of Environment & Design|College of Environment & Design]] in 2001, the [[University of Georgia College of Public Health|College of Public Health]] in 2005, the [[Odum School of Ecology]] in 2007, and the [[University of Georgia College of Engineering|College of Engineering]] in 2012.<ref name="ugatoday">{{cite web |last1=Jackson |first1=Tom |title=UGA President Adams announces plans to step down next year |url=https://news.uga.edu/uga-president-adams-announces-plans-to-step-down-next-year/ |website=UGA Today |publisher=[[University of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=May 3, 2012}}</ref>
During Adams' presidency, UGA established five new colleges: the [[University of Georgia School of Public and International Affairs|School of Public and International Affairs]] and the [[University of Georgia College of Environment & Design|College of Environment & Design]] in 2001, the [[University of Georgia College of Public Health|College of Public Health]] in 2005, the [[Odum School of Ecology]] in 2007, and the [[University of Georgia College of Engineering|College of Engineering]] in 2012.<ref name="ugatoday">{{cite web |last1=Jackson |first1=Tom |title=UGA President Adams announces plans to step down next year |url=https://news.uga.edu/uga-president-adams-announces-plans-to-step-down-next-year/ |website=UGA Today |publisher=[[University of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=May 3, 2012}}</ref> This was the conclusion of a plan that initially included the dissolution of the [[Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication|Grady College of Journalism]], though protest from faculty and students ultimately forced Adams to scrap that portion of the project.{{sfn|Whitt|2011|page=42}}


Adams was named vice president of the executive committee of the [[Southeastern Conference]] (SEC) for the 2003–04 academic year under committee president [[John A. White]], the chancellor of the [[University of Arkansas]]. Thereafter, Adams served for two years as the committee's president in his own right.<ref name="sec-pres">{{cite web |title=SEC Executive Committee Members |url=https://www.secsports.com/sec-executivecommittee |website=[[Southeastern Conference]] |access-date=August 25, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UGA President Michael F. Adams to serve as president of SEC |url=https://news.uga.edu/040630adamssec/ |website=UGA Today |publisher=[[University of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=June 30, 2004}}</ref> After the end of his term in 2006,<ref name="sec-pres"/> he was elected to a two-year term as the chairman of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] Executive Committee.<ref>{{cite web |title=UGA President Michael F. Adams elected chair of NCAA Executive Committee |url=https://news.uga.edu/uga-president-michael-f-adams-elected-chair-of-ncaa-executive-committee/ |website=UGA Today |publisher=[[University of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=April 27, 2007}}</ref> During this time, he attracted attention by publicly announcing his support for a playoff championship system for college football.<ref name="redandblack">{{cite web |last1=Ernst |first1=Megan |title=After Adams: championships, controversies and change during 16 years as president |url=https://www.redandblack.com/sports/after-adams-championships-controversies-and-change-during-years-as-president/article_dca8723c-9741-11e2-bfcd-0019bb30f31a.html |website=[[The Red & Black (University of Georgia)|The Red & Black]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=March 28, 2013}}</ref>
Adams was named vice president of the executive committee of the [[Southeastern Conference]] (SEC) for the 2003–04 academic year under committee president [[John A. White]], the chancellor of the [[University of Arkansas]]. Thereafter, Adams served for two years as the committee's president in his own right.<ref name="sec-pres">{{cite web |title=SEC Executive Committee Members |url=https://www.secsports.com/sec-executivecommittee |website=[[Southeastern Conference]] |access-date=August 25, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UGA President Michael F. Adams to serve as president of SEC |url=https://news.uga.edu/040630adamssec/ |website=UGA Today |publisher=[[University of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=June 30, 2004}}</ref> After the end of his term in 2006,<ref name="sec-pres"/> he was elected to a two-year term as the chairman of the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] Executive Committee.<ref>{{cite web |title=UGA President Michael F. Adams elected chair of NCAA Executive Committee |url=https://news.uga.edu/uga-president-michael-f-adams-elected-chair-of-ncaa-executive-committee/ |website=UGA Today |publisher=[[University of Georgia]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=April 27, 2007}}</ref> During this time, he attracted attention by publicly announcing his support for a playoff championship system for college football.<ref name="redandblack">{{cite web |last1=Ernst |first1=Megan |title=After Adams: championships, controversies and change during 16 years as president |url=https://www.redandblack.com/sports/after-adams-championships-controversies-and-change-during-years-as-president/article_dca8723c-9741-11e2-bfcd-0019bb30f31a.html |website=[[The Red & Black (University of Georgia)|The Red & Black]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=March 28, 2013}}</ref>


During Adams' presidency, UGA's enrollment grew from just under 30,000 to nearly 35,000 and the school raised more money than it had in its history to that point. UGA's endowment also grew, from $250&nbsp;million to $745&nbsp;million, and it more than doubled its number of endowed professorships to 219. In Adams' final ten years, the university was ranked in the top twenty public research universities by ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' eight times.<ref name="ugatoday" />
Adams announced his resignation as UGA president on May 3, 2012, set to be effective June 30, 2013.<ref name="resign-uga">{{cite web |last1=Diamond |first1=Laura |title=Adams to retire: "My love will always be deep for the University of Georgia" |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/adams-to-retire-my-love-will-always-be-deep-for-th/nQTXX/ |website=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217145432/https://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/adams-to-retire-my-love-will-always-be-deep-for-th/nQTXX/ |archive-date=December 17, 2014 |date=May 3, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> He was succeeded by UGA provost [[Jere Morehead]].<ref name="abh-marc" /> Upon departing Georgia, Adams and his wife continued to maintain a residence in Athens.<ref name="abh">{{cite web |last1=Shearer |first1=Lee |title=Former UGA president Michael Adams takes job at California's Pepperdine |url=https://www.onlineathens.com/story/news/local/2015/06/11/former-uga-president-michael-adams-takes-job-californias-pepperdine/15491943007/ |website=[[Athens Banner-Herald]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=June 11, 2015}}</ref>

Adams announced his resignation as UGA president on May 3, 2012, set to be effective June 30, 2013.<ref name="resign-uga">{{cite web |last1=Diamond |first1=Laura |title=Adams to retire: "My love will always be deep for the University of Georgia" |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/adams-to-retire-my-love-will-always-be-deep-for-th/nQTXX/ |website=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217145432/https://www.ajc.com/news/news/state-regional-govt-politics/adams-to-retire-my-love-will-always-be-deep-for-th/nQTXX/ |archive-date=December 17, 2014 |date=May 3, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> He was succeeded by UGA provost [[Jere Morehead]].<ref name="abh-marc" /> Upon departing Georgia, Adams and his wife continued to maintain a residence in Athens.<ref name="abh">{{cite web |last1=Shearer |first1=Lee |title=Former UGA president Michael Adams takes job at California's Pepperdine |url=https://www.onlineathens.com/story/news/local/2015/06/11/former-uga-president-michael-adams-takes-job-californias-pepperdine/15491943007/ |website=[[Athens Banner-Herald]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |date=June 11, 2015}}</ref> He was designated president ''[[emeritus]]'' and Regent's professor by the university upon leaving office.<ref name="chancellor" />


===Post-presidency, 2013–present===
===Post-presidency, 2013–present===
Line 63: Line 70:


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Adams married Mary Lynn Ethridge on June 7, 1969, in [[Union City, Tennessee]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mr. Michael Fred Adams in the U.S., Newspapers.com Marriage Index, 1800s&ndash;current |url=https://www-ancestryinstitution-com.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/discoveryui-content/view/65352522:62116 |website=[[Ancestry.com]] |publisher=[[The Montgomery Advertiser]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The couple has two children together.<ref name="chancellor" />
Adams married Mary Lynn Ethridge on June 7, 1969, in [[Union City, Tennessee]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mr. Michael Fred Adams in the U.S., Newspapers.com Marriage Index, 1800s&ndash;current |url=https://www.ancestryinstitution.com/discoveryui-content/view/65352522:62116 |website=[[Ancestry.com]] |publisher=[[The Montgomery Advertiser]] |access-date=August 25, 2024 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The couple has two children together.<ref name="chancellor" />


==References==
==References==
Line 69: Line 76:


===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
* {{Cite book |last=Weston |first=William J. |year=2019 |title=Centre College: A Bicentennial History |publication-place=[[Danville, Kentucky]] |publisher=Centre College |isbn=978-1-6943-5863-9 |oclc=1142930784}}
* {{Cite book |last=Weston |first=William J. |year=2019 |title=Centre College: A Bicentennial History |publication-place=[[Danville, Kentucky]] |publisher=[[Centre College]] |isbn=978-1-6943-5863-9 |oclc=1142930784}}
* {{Cite book |last=Whitt |first=Rich |year=2011 |title=Behind the Hedges: Big Money and Power Politics at the University of Georgia |publication-place=[[Montgomery, Alabama]] |publisher=[[NewSouth Books]] |isbn=978-1-58838-206-1 |oclc=771056631}}
* {{Cite book |last=Whitt |first=Rich |year=2011 |title=Behind the Hedges: Big Money and Power Politics at the University of Georgia |publication-place=[[Montgomery, Alabama]] |publisher=[[NewSouth Books]] |isbn=978-1-58838-206-1 |oclc=771056631}}


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| before=[[Richard L. Morrill]]
| before=[[Richard L. Morrill]]
| title=[[List of presidents of Centre College|President of Centre College]]
| title=[[List of presidents of Centre College|President of Centre College]]
| years=December 1988 &mdash; 1997
| years=December 1988 &mdash; June 1997
| after=[[John A. Roush]]
| after=[[John A. Roush]]
}}
}}
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| title=Vice President of the [[Southeastern Conference]] Executive Committee
| title=Vice President of the [[Southeastern Conference]] Executive Committee
| years=July 1, 2003 &mdash; June 30, 2004
| years=July 1, 2003 &mdash; June 30, 2004
| after=[[Andrew Sorenson]]<br><small>as President of the [[University of South Carolina]]</small>
| after=[[Andrew Sorensen]]<br><small>as President of the [[University of South Carolina]]</small>
}}
}}
{{succession box
{{succession box
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| title=President of the [[Southeastern Conference]] Executive Committee
| title=President of the [[Southeastern Conference]] Executive Committee
| years=July 1, 2004 &mdash; June 30, 2006
| years=July 1, 2004 &mdash; June 30, 2006
| after=[[Andrew Sorenson]]<br><small>as President of the [[University of South Carolina]]</small>
| after=[[Andrew Sorensen]]<br><small>as President of the [[University of South Carolina]]</small>
}}
}}
{{succession box
{{succession box

Latest revision as of 23:21, 10 September 2024

Michael F. Adams
Adams at the Peabody Awards in 2013
21st President of the University of Georgia
In office
September 1, 1997 – June 30, 2013
Preceded byCharles Boynton Knapp
Succeeded byJere Morehead
19th President of Centre College
In office
December 1988 – June 1997
Preceded byRichard L. Morrill
Succeeded byJohn A. Roush
Personal details
Born (1948-03-25) March 25, 1948 (age 76)
Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
Spouse
Mary Lynn Ethridge
(m. 1969)
Alma materDavid Lipscomb College (BA)
Ohio State University (MA, PhD)

Michael Fred Adams (born March 25, 1948) is an American former political staffer, educator, and academic administrator. He began his career as a staffer for Senate minority leader Howard Baker, including as Baker's chief of staff. After an unsuccessful run for the House of Representatives in 1980, he worked as a senior advisor to Governor of Tennessee Lamar Alexander. His first foray into academia was as a professor and the vice president for university affairs at Pepperdine University, where he remained until 1988. That year, he took the presidency of Centre College in Danville, Kentucky, which he held until 1997. At Centre, he added several degree programs, completed a $60 million fundraiser, renovated and improved many buildings on campus, and tripled the school's endowment. He applied for the presidency of the University of Georgia (UGA) on the last day to apply and was ultimately selected for the job. He was announced as UGA's 21st president in June 1997 and took office that September.

Adams' presidency at UGA was not without controversy. Shortly into his term, he reduced the number of senior vice presidents from seven to three and his expenses prompted an audit from the accounting firm Deloitte & Touche. His disagreement with, and subsequent refusal to extend the contract of, longtime athletic director Vince Dooley was unpopular among many, and a poll among faculty from one of the university's colleges showed that a majority of the college's faculty lacked confidence in his administration. His presidency resulted in significant growth for the university, however; enrollment grew to 35,000 students and the endowment nearly tripled. Five new colleges were created, and UGA athletics experienced success in winning nineteen national championships and seeing their revenue nearly quadruple. He resigned as UGA president in May 2012 and left office in July 2013. He was later named chancellor at Pepperdine, a position he held from August 2015 to July 2018.

Early life and education

[edit]

Michael Fred Adams[1] was born on March 25, 1948, in Montgomery, Alabama,[2] to Jean and Hubert Adams.[3] He was raised Christian as a member of the Church of Christ.[4] In his youth, he moved with his family to Atlanta, Albany, and Macon, Georgia, and then to Chattanooga, Tennessee, following his father's work at Kraft Foods Inc.[2] He graduated from Chattanooga High School.[5]

Adams was the first member of his family to attend college.[6] He attended David Lipscomb College—now Lipscomb University—for his undergraduate studies, graduating magna cum laude with a degree in speech and history in 1970.[7][8] Afterwards, he earned a Master of Arts in communication research methodologies and a Doctorate in communications, both with a concentration in educational administration, from Ohio State University in 1971 and 1973, respectively.[7][3] After graduating from Ohio State, where he was named a University Fellow, he completed a postdoc at Oxford University.[7]

Career

[edit]

Political work and Pepperdine, 1974–1988

[edit]

Adams' first career experience was in politics; he worked as a staffer for Howard Baker, the Senate minority leader, from 1974 to 1979. The last three years of his time working for Baker was as his chief of staff.[7] Adams was the Republican nominee for Congress in Tennessee's 5th congressional district but lost the general election to the incumbent Democratic representative Bill Boner.[9] From 1980 to 1982, Adams was a senior advisor to Lamar Alexander, then the governor of Tennessee,[7] specifically as the deputy commissioner of economic and community development.[2]

Adams left Alexander's staff to accept a position as the vice president for university affairs at Pepperdine University. He was also a member of the Pepperdine faculty as a professor of political communication.[7]

Centre College, 1988–1997

[edit]
Horky House (pictured in 2021) was converted during Adams' presidency at Centre to house the admissions office.[7]

Adams was named the nineteenth president of Centre College, in Danville, Kentucky, in December 1988.[7] He was Centre's first non-Presbyterian president.[4]

Adams expanded and improved Centre's campus and offerings both in Kentucky and abroad. Old Centre, the Carnegie Library, Horky House, and Combs Warehouse, underwent renovation and improvement during his tenure.[7] Greek Row was established, with fraternities receiving newly built houses in 1995 and sororities receiving separate chapter houses for the first time since appearing on campus for the first time in 1980 the year prior.[10] The former fraternity houses were converted into new dormitory buildings, named for Centre alumni and important figures, including Cooper Hall (for U.S. Senator John Sherman Cooper), Vinson Hall (for Chief Justice Fred Vinson), Ganfield Hall (for Centre President William Arthur Ganfield), and Stevenson Hall (for U.S. Vice President Adlai Stevenson I).[10] Study abroad programs in London, Strasbourg, and Mérida were also established.[11] The college added multiple degree offerings, including anthropology and sociology, computer science, and classics.[7] Fundraising was also a major emphasis of Adams' administration; Centre had received multiple large research initiative grants from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the National Science Foundation, respectively, and outraised a $60 million goal as part of their Front and Centre fundraising campaign. Over Adams' tenure as president, Centre's endowment tripled to a total in excess of $120 million. Additionally, Centre became the top college in the country by the percentage of its alumni to donate.[3]

The John C. Young Honors Program, named in honor of Centre's fourth president John C. Young, which provided a group of seniors with support in a research project, was established in 1989.[12] Access to the Internet was first established on campus at Centre in 1993,[11] the same year that the faculty split from the College Council, which had previously comprised the whole faculty and a selection of students and staff, to become its own separate body.[13]

Adams attracted some disdain from the faculty at Centre while there: after he made what were described by faculty members as unilateral changes to the faculty handbook, a move that violated college policy, a selection of faculty began what Rich Whitt described as a "quiet revolt". Several Centre professors reported that tension between faculty and administration grew significantly under Adams.[14]

While president of Centre, Adams held numerous leadership roles at various organizations. These included stints as a vice chair on the National Collegiate Athletic Association Presidents Commission, the Board of the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities, the Board of the American Council on Education, the Board of the Kentucky Center for Public Issues, Leadership Kentucky, the Executive Council of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.[7] He helped to reorganize, and was the first president of, the Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference, of which Centre was a member.[15][3]

University of Georgia, 1997–2013

[edit]

Adams applied for the presidency at the University of Georgia (UGA), left vacant by the resignation of Chuck Knapp in 1996, on the last possible day.[16][2] He was one of three finalists for the position, along with University of Michigan vice president Bernie Machen and North Carolina State University vice provost Debra W. Stewart.[17] Ultimately, he was selected, and he was announced as UGA's incoming president on June 11, 1997,[3] an announcement that surprised many UGA faculty and students due to Adams' lack of experience in leadership at large flagship universities.[17] He resigned from Centre effective around that same time[7] and took office as UGA's twenty-first president on September 1, 1997.[3][5] At Georgia, his starting annual salary was $177,000,[3] though he was making upwards of $1 million by the time of his retirement.[18]

Shortly into his stint at Georgia, Adams announced that the school's staff of seven senior vice presidents would be reduced to just three, and that the school would be creating a provost position, filled by Karen Holbrook, who was hand-picked by Adams from the University of Florida's senior leadership team.[19] Following the conclusion of the 2001–2002 academic year, Adams used a reported job offer for the presidency of Ohio State University—with a supposed salary of between $850,000 and $1,000,000—to leverage a salary increase from the UGA Foundation, which they granted.[20]

In July 2003, the university underwent an audit from Deloitte & Touche to investigate issues including Adams' expenses, especially those for travel, and payments to his wife.[21] These expenses included a trip to watch George W. Bush's inauguration, a commencement reception for a graduating law school class which included Adams' son,[22] and a trip to attend the funeral of Robert L. McLeod, who had been president of Centre from 1938 to 1945.[23] Several of these expenses, it was noted by the auditors, were reimbursed by Adams to the university or the UGA Foundation.[23]

A dispute arose beginning in mid-2003 between Adams and members of the faculty regarding UGA's leadership and their confidence in Adams. Disagreement between Adams and longtime athletic director and former football coach Vince Dooley led to Dooley's retirement after his contract was not renewed,[24] a move that drew ire from many.[25] Years earlier, Adams had fired head football coach Jim Donnan despite the fact that Dooley recommended otherwise.[26] In July of that year, a poll of the Franklin College of Arts and Sciences revealed that seven out of ten faculty members lacked confidence in Adams' administration and the faculty senate released a statement alluding to an "erosion in excellence" over the course of his tenure. Around this time, the UGA Foundation announced that it would no longer provide Adams with additional annual compensation of over $300,000, but would instead donate to the UGA general fund.[25] In July 2010, athletic director Damon Evans, whom Adams hired to replace Dooley, was arrested for DUI and resigned as a result.[27] In spite of the scandals that took place within the Georgia athletic department during Adams' tenure, which also included NCAA violations for academic fraud that took place under the watch of head men's basketball coach Jim Harrick,[28] UGA teams won nineteen national championships and athletic department revenue grew from $25.7 million to $92.1 million.[28]

During Adams' presidency, UGA established five new colleges: the School of Public and International Affairs and the College of Environment & Design in 2001, the College of Public Health in 2005, the Odum School of Ecology in 2007, and the College of Engineering in 2012.[29] This was the conclusion of a plan that initially included the dissolution of the Grady College of Journalism, though protest from faculty and students ultimately forced Adams to scrap that portion of the project.[30]

Adams was named vice president of the executive committee of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) for the 2003–04 academic year under committee president John A. White, the chancellor of the University of Arkansas. Thereafter, Adams served for two years as the committee's president in his own right.[31][32] After the end of his term in 2006,[31] he was elected to a two-year term as the chairman of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Executive Committee.[33] During this time, he attracted attention by publicly announcing his support for a playoff championship system for college football.[26]

During Adams' presidency, UGA's enrollment grew from just under 30,000 to nearly 35,000 and the school raised more money than it had in its history to that point. UGA's endowment also grew, from $250 million to $745 million, and it more than doubled its number of endowed professorships to 219. In Adams' final ten years, the university was ranked in the top twenty public research universities by U.S. News & World Report eight times.[29]

Adams announced his resignation as UGA president on May 3, 2012, set to be effective June 30, 2013.[34] He was succeeded by UGA provost Jere Morehead.[28] Upon departing Georgia, Adams and his wife continued to maintain a residence in Athens.[35] He was designated president emeritus and Regent's professor by the university upon leaving office.[8]

Post-presidency, 2013–present

[edit]

After leaving Georgia, Adams returned to Pepperdine for a three-year term as the university's chancellor from August 1, 2015, to July 31, 2018.[35][8] He was the second-ranking member of the school's administration and worked directly for university president Andrew K. Benton, whom Adams first hired during his first stint at Pepperdine.[35]

Personal life

[edit]

Adams married Mary Lynn Ethridge on June 7, 1969, in Union City, Tennessee.[36] The couple has two children together.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Commencement Summer 1973" (PDF). Ohio State University. 1973. p. 2.
  2. ^ a b c d "About Michael F. Adams". University of Georgia. Archived from the original on May 29, 2010. Retrieved October 11, 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Adams named University of Georgia president". University System of Georgia. June 11, 1997. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  4. ^ a b Weston 2019, p. 119.
  5. ^ a b Whitt 2011, p. 35.
  6. ^ Whitt 2011, p. 36.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Michael F. Adams, Centre College President (1988–1997)". CentreCyclopedia. Centre College. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d Darakjian, Gareen (June 7, 2018). "Chancellor Michael F. Adams to conclude three-year appointment". Pepperdine University. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  9. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 4, 1980" (PDF). Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. United States Government Publishing Office. April 15, 1981. p. 58. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  10. ^ a b Weston 2019, p. 122.
  11. ^ a b Weston 2019, p. 120.
  12. ^ Weston 2019, p. 121.
  13. ^ Weston 2019, pp. 121–122.
  14. ^ Whitt 2011, p. 39.
  15. ^ "History of the SCAC". Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  16. ^ "President's Resignation of University of Georgia-Knapp, 1996". University of West Georgia Special Collections. University System of Georgia. 1996. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  17. ^ a b Whitt 2011, p. 34.
  18. ^ "Former Ohio State president tops highest-paid list". Akron Beacon Journal. May 18, 2014. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  19. ^ Whitt 2011, p. 41.
  20. ^ Whitt 2011, pp. 95–96.
  21. ^ Whitt 2011, pp. 91–92.
  22. ^ Whitt 2011, p. 92.
  23. ^ a b Whitt 2011, p. 93.
  24. ^ Newberry, Paul (October 29, 2022). "Vince Dooley, longtime Georgia football coach, dies at 90". Associated Press. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  25. ^ a b Markman, Ross. "University's faculty members ready to 'move forward'". Athens Banner-Herald. Archived from the original on October 4, 2007. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  26. ^ a b Ernst, Megan (March 28, 2013). "After Adams: championships, controversies and change during 16 years as president". The Red & Black. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  27. ^ "Damon Evans out as UGA athletic director". WSB-TV. July 4, 2010. Archived from the original on July 6, 2010. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  28. ^ a b c Weiszer, Marc (May 18, 2013). "Michael Adams leaves presidency with big imprint on UGA sports". Athens Banner-Herald. Archived from the original on October 18, 2019. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  29. ^ a b Jackson, Tom (May 3, 2012). "UGA President Adams announces plans to step down next year". UGA Today. University of Georgia. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  30. ^ Whitt 2011, p. 42.
  31. ^ a b "SEC Executive Committee Members". Southeastern Conference. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  32. ^ "UGA President Michael F. Adams to serve as president of SEC". UGA Today. University of Georgia. June 30, 2004. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  33. ^ "UGA President Michael F. Adams elected chair of NCAA Executive Committee". UGA Today. University of Georgia. April 27, 2007. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  34. ^ Diamond, Laura (May 3, 2012). "Adams to retire: "My love will always be deep for the University of Georgia"". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on December 17, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  35. ^ a b c Shearer, Lee (June 11, 2015). "Former UGA president Michael Adams takes job at California's Pepperdine". Athens Banner-Herald. Retrieved August 25, 2024.
  36. ^ "Mr. Michael Fred Adams in the U.S., Newspapers.com Marriage Index, 1800s–current". Ancestry.com. The Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

Bibliography

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