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A Jewish dairy restaurant, Kosher dairy restaurant^[1]^[2], dairy lunchroom or dairy deli (milkhik or milchig restaurant) is a type of vegetarian kosher restaurant, luncheonette or eat-in diner in Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine, particularly American Jewish cuisine and the cuisine of New York City.

Overview

Due to the strict rules for separating milk and meat in Jewish law, dairy restaurants evolved as an alternative to Jewish delicatessens which specialized in meat (fleischig).^[3] Descended from the milchhallen or "milk pavilions" of Europe, they began appearing in the Jewish immigrant community of the Lower East Side in the late 19th and early 20th century, where there were at one time hundreds of dairy restaurants.^[4]^[5]^[6] They were also found in Chicago and Toronto.^[7]^[8]

Dairy restaurant menus include items such as potato latkes, gefilte fish, matzo brei, vegetarian (milkhiker) borscht, kugel, protose (a synthetic vegetable meat substitute), pierogies, milk toast, poppy cakes, buttermilk, cheese blintzes and kreplach, as well as American dishes such as scrambled eggs or tuna salad.^[9]Notable examples frequented by Jewish immigrants and American Jews, among others, include B&H Dairy and Ratner's.^[10] Leon Trotsky was said to be particularly fond of a restaurant called Triangle Dairy in the Bronx, whose waiters were Russian emigrés, but refused to tip, leading to verbal abuse, intentionally poor service, and an incident that caused him to be burned by hot soup.^[11]^[12] A restaurant known as Steinberg's on the Upper West Side was beloved by writers and theater people and a refuge for Zero Mostel when he was blacklisted.^[13] Isaac Bashevis Singer, a noted Jewish vegetarian, was said to favor the Famous Dairy Restaurant on West 72nd St. ^[14]^[15]

References

^ "Best Kosher Dairy Restaurant in Queens - Cafe Premiata". cafepremiata.com. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 2024-09-12.
^ "Cafe Muscat Kosher Restaurant & Catering". muscatcafe. Retrieved 2024-09-12.
^ Kraemer, David C. (2020-07-24). Jewish Eating and Identity Through the Ages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-15938-7.
^ Katchor, Ben (2020-03-10). "How Dairy Lunchrooms Became Alternatives to the NYC Saloon 'Free Lunch.'". Literary Hub. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
^ Elinsky, Kate (2020-06-30). "The Milchik Way". Jewish Review of Books. Archived from the original on 2024-09-08. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
^ "Add this to your quarantine reading list: 500 pages on Jewish dairy restaurants and the 'milkhideke' personality". The Forward. 2020-05-27. Archived from the original on 2024-09-08. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
^ Haddix, Carol; Kraig, Bruce; Sen, Colleen Taylor (2017-08-16). The Chicago Food Encyclopedia. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09977-9.
^ Rosen, Amy (2019-09-03). Kosher Style: Over 100 Jewish Recipes for the Modern Cook: A Cookbook. Appetite by Random House. ISBN 978-0-525-60990-2.
^
Marks, Gil (2010-11-17). Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. HMH. ISBN 978-0-544-18631-6.
- Hersh, June (2023). Iconic New York Jewish Food: A History and Guide with Recipes. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4671-5260-0.
- Katchor, Ben (2020-03-10). The Dairy Restaurant. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8052-4219-5.
- Garner, Dwight (2020-03-16). "An Illustrated Love Song to Jewish Restaurants of Old". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
- Moskin, Julia (2020-04-06). "A Rich (Very Rich) History of the Jewish Dairy Restaurant". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
^
Rosenberg, David (2009). "HISTORICAL NOTE: Holocaust Behind the Counter: L&G Luncheonette and the Origins of the East Village Poetry Scene". Chicago Review. 54 (3): 176–181. ISSN 0009-3696. JSTOR 25742523.
- Smith, Gary Scott (2020-12-07). American Religious History: Belief and Society through Time [3 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 978-1-4408-6161-1.
- Halper, Emanuel B. (2001). Shopping Center and Store Leases. Law Journal Press. ISBN 978-1-58852-003-6.
- Stein, Lori; Isaacs, Ronald H. (2023-06-14). Let's Eat: Jewish Food and Faith. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-7104-3.
- Sherman, Susan (2014-09-01). Nirvana on Ninth Street. Wings Press. ISBN 978-1-60940-408-6.
^ Rubenstein, Joshua (2011-10-15). Leon Trotsky: A Revolutionary's Life. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17841-8.
^ Giffin, Frederick C. (1968). "Leon Trotsky in New York City". New York History. 49 (4): 391–403. ISSN 0146-437X. JSTOR 23162567.
^ "» Mid-Century Style, Black-List & Dairy Restaurants". www.landmarkwest.org. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
^ Berger, Joseph (1991-07-26). "I.B. Singer's New York: Fading, Yes, but Still Here". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-09-08.
^ Sider, West (2017-11-09). "Throwback Thursday: Famous Dairy Restaurant". West Side Rag. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[1] "Best Kosher Dairy Restaurant in Queens - Cafe Premiata". cafepremiata.com. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 2024-09-12.

[2] "Cafe Muscat Kosher Restaurant & Catering". muscatcafe. Retrieved 2024-09-12.

[3] Kraemer, David C. (2020-07-24). Jewish Eating and Identity Through the Ages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-15938-7.

[4] Katchor, Ben (2020-03-10). "How Dairy Lunchrooms Became Alternatives to the NYC Saloon 'Free Lunch.'". Literary Hub. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[5] Elinsky, Kate (2020-06-30). "The Milchik Way". Jewish Review of Books. Archived from the original on 2024-09-08. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[6] "Add this to your quarantine reading list: 500 pages on Jewish dairy restaurants and the 'milkhideke' personality". The Forward. 2020-05-27. Archived from the original on 2024-09-08. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[7] Haddix, Carol; Kraig, Bruce; Sen, Colleen Taylor (2017-08-16). The Chicago Food Encyclopedia. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09977-9.

[8] Rosen, Amy (2019-09-03). Kosher Style: Over 100 Jewish Recipes for the Modern Cook: A Cookbook. Appetite by Random House. ISBN 978-0-525-60990-2.

[9] Marks, Gil (2010-11-17). Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. HMH. ISBN 978-0-544-18631-6.
Hersh, June (2023). Iconic New York Jewish Food: A History and Guide with Recipes. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4671-5260-0.

Katchor, Ben (2020-03-10). The Dairy Restaurant. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8052-4219-5.

Garner, Dwight (2020-03-16). "An Illustrated Love Song to Jewish Restaurants of Old". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

Moskin, Julia (2020-04-06). "A Rich (Very Rich) History of the Jewish Dairy Restaurant". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[10] Hersh, June (2023). Iconic New York Jewish Food: A History and Guide with Recipes. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4671-5260-0.

[11] Katchor, Ben (2020-03-10). The Dairy Restaurant. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8052-4219-5.

[12] Garner, Dwight (2020-03-16). "An Illustrated Love Song to Jewish Restaurants of Old". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[13] Moskin, Julia (2020-04-06). "A Rich (Very Rich) History of the Jewish Dairy Restaurant". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[10] Rosenberg, David (2009). "HISTORICAL NOTE: Holocaust Behind the Counter: L&G Luncheonette and the Origins of the East Village Poetry Scene". Chicago Review. 54 (3): 176–181. ISSN 0009-3696. JSTOR 25742523.
Smith, Gary Scott (2020-12-07). American Religious History: Belief and Society through Time [3 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 978-1-4408-6161-1.

Halper, Emanuel B. (2001). Shopping Center and Store Leases. Law Journal Press. ISBN 978-1-58852-003-6.

Stein, Lori; Isaacs, Ronald H. (2023-06-14). Let's Eat: Jewish Food and Faith. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-7104-3.

Sherman, Susan (2014-09-01). Nirvana on Ninth Street. Wings Press. ISBN 978-1-60940-408-6.

[15] Smith, Gary Scott (2020-12-07). American Religious History: Belief and Society through Time [3 volumes]. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 978-1-4408-6161-1.

[16] Halper, Emanuel B. (2001). Shopping Center and Store Leases. Law Journal Press. ISBN 978-1-58852-003-6.

[17] Stein, Lori; Isaacs, Ronald H. (2023-06-14). Let's Eat: Jewish Food and Faith. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-7104-3.

[18] Sherman, Susan (2014-09-01). Nirvana on Ninth Street. Wings Press. ISBN 978-1-60940-408-6.

[11] Rubenstein, Joshua (2011-10-15). Leon Trotsky: A Revolutionary's Life. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17841-8.

[12] Giffin, Frederick C. (1968). "Leon Trotsky in New York City". New York History. 49 (4): 391–403. ISSN 0146-437X. JSTOR 23162567.

[13] "» Mid-Century Style, Black-List & Dairy Restaurants". www.landmarkwest.org. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[14] Berger, Joseph (1991-07-26). "I.B. Singer's New York: Fading, Yes, but Still Here". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

[15] Sider, West (2017-11-09). "Throwback Thursday: Famous Dairy Restaurant". West Side Rag. Archived from the original on 2024-09-12. Retrieved 2024-09-08.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:B&H Dairy inside.jpg|right|thumb|B&H]]
 [[File:Silver's Dress Suits To Hire -- about 1928 (49806672831).jpg|right|thumb|about 1928, sign for Ratner's in background, Lower East Side]]
-A '''Jewish dairy restaurant''', '''dairy lunchroom''' or '''dairy deli''' (''milkhik'' or ''milchig'' restaurant) is a type of [[vegetarian]] [[kosher restaurant]], [[luncheonette]] or eat-in [[diner]] in [[Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine]], particularly [[American Jewish cuisine]] and the [[cuisine of New York City]].
+A '''Jewish dairy restaurant''', '''Kosher dairy restaurant'''<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2024-09-12|title=Best Kosher Dairy Restaurant in Queens - Cafe Premiata|url=https://cafepremiata.com/|date=3 March 2022|website=cafepremiata.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2024-09-12|title=Cafe Muscat Kosher Restaurant & Catering|url=https://www.cafemuscat.com/|website=muscatcafe}}</ref>, '''dairy lunchroom''' or '''dairy deli''' (''milkhik'' or ''milchig'' restaurant) is a type of [[vegetarian]] [[kosher restaurant]], [[luncheonette]] or eat-in [[diner]] in [[Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine]], particularly [[American Jewish cuisine]] and the [[cuisine of New York City]].
 ==Overview==
-Due to the strict rules for separating [[milk and meat in Jewish law]], dairy restaurants evolved as an alternative to [[Jewish delicatessen]]s which specialized in meat (''fleischig'').<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kraemer |first=David C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EszxDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT150 |title=Jewish Eating and Identity Through the Ages |date=2020-07-24 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-15938-7 |language=en}}</ref> Descended from the ''milchhallen'' or "milk pavilions" of Europe, they began appearing in the [[History of the Jews in New York City|Jewish immigrant community]] of the [[Lower East Side]] in the late 19th and early 20th century, where there were at one time hundreds of dairy restaurants.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Katchor |first=Ben |date=2020-03-10 |title=How Dairy Lunchrooms Became Alternatives to the NYC Saloon 'Free Lunch.' |url=https://lithub.com/how-jewish-dairy-lunchrooms-became-alternatives-to-saloons-in-prohibition-era-nyc/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Literary Hub |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Elinsky |first=Kate |date=2020-06-30 |title=The Milchik Way |url=https://jewishreviewofbooks.com/articles/8041/the-milchik-way/# |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Jewish Review of Books |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-27 |title=Add this to your quarantine reading list: 500 pages on Jewish dairy restaurants and the 'milkhideke' personality |url=https://forward.com/life/444549/quarantine-read-of-the-week-500-pages-on-jewish-dairies-and-the-milkhideke/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en}}</ref> They were also found in [[Chicago]] and [[Toronto]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Haddix |first1=Carol |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4YyDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT195 |title=The Chicago Food Encyclopedia |last2=Kraig |first2=Bruce |last3=Sen |first3=Colleen Taylor |date=2017-08-16 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0-252-09977-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rosen |first=Amy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5i9-DwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT96 |title=Kosher Style: Over 100 Jewish Recipes for the Modern Cook: A Cookbook |date=2019-09-03 |publisher=Appetite by Random House |isbn=978-0-525-60990-2 |language=en}}</ref> Their menus include items such as potato [[latke]]s, [[gefilte fish]], [[matzo brei]], vegetarian (''milkhiker'') [[borscht]], [[kugel]], [[protose]] (a synthetic vegetable meat substitute), [[pierogies]], [[milk toast]], [[poppy cake]]s, [[buttermilk]], cheese [[blintzes]] and [[kreplach]], as well as American dishes such as [[scrambled eggs]] or [[tuna salad]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Marks |first=Gil |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT1029 |title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food |date=2010-11-17 |publisher=HMH |isbn=978-0-544-18631-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hersh |first=June |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuKfEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA108 |title=Iconic New York Jewish Food: A History and Guide with Recipes |date=2023 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-1-4671-5260-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Katchor |first=Ben |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLXPDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA315 |title=The Dairy Restaurant |date=2020-03-10 |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-8052-4219-5 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Garner |first=Dwight |date=2020-03-16 |title=An Illustrated Love Song to Jewish Restaurants of Old |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/books/review-dairy-restaurant-ben-katchor.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Moskin |first=Julia |date=2020-04-06 |title=A Rich (Very Rich) History of the Jewish Dairy Restaurant |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/dining/kosher-dairy-restaurant-book-ben-katchor.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=The New York Times}}</ref>{{Clump|date=September 2024}} Notable examples frequented by Jewish immigrants and American Jews include [[B&H Dairy]] and [[Ratner's]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rosenberg |first=David |date=2009 |title=HISTORICAL NOTE: Holocaust Behind the Counter: L&G Luncheonette and the Origins of the East Village Poetry Scene |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25742523 |journal=Chicago Review |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=176–181 |jstor=25742523 |issn=0009-3696}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Gary Scott |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XkTPEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=RA1-PA52 |title=American Religious History: Belief and Society through Time [3 volumes] |date=2020-12-07 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-4408-6161-1 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Halper |first=Emanuel B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v2oQd1HGNekC&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=RA5-SA9-PA125 |title=Shopping Center and Store Leases |date=2001 |publisher=Law Journal Press |isbn=978-1-58852-003-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Stein |first1=Lori |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V6szDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA209 |title=Let's Eat: Jewish Food and Faith |last2=Isaacs |first2=Ronald H. |date=2023-06-14 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-7104-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sherman |first=Susan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EMfqAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA95 |title=Nirvana on Ninth Street |date=2014-09-01 |publisher=Wings Press |isbn=978-1-60940-408-6 |language=en}}</ref>{{Clump|date=September 2024}} [[Leon Trotsky]] was said to be particularly fond of a restaurant called Triangle Dairy in the Bronx, but refused to tip, leading to verbal abuse, intentionally poor service, and an incident that caused him to be burned by hot soup.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Giffin |first=Frederick C. |date=1968 |title=Leon Trotsky in New York City |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23162567 |journal=New York History |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=391–403 |jstor=23162567 |issn=0146-437X}}</ref> A restaurant known as Steinberg's on the [[Upper West Side]] was beloved by writers and theater people and a refuge for [[Zero Mostel]] when he was [[Hollywood blacklist|blacklisted]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=» Mid-Century Style, Black-List & Dairy Restaurants |url=https://www.landmarkwest.org/mid-century-style-black-list-dairy-restaurants/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=www.landmarkwest.org}}</ref> [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]] was said to favor the blintzes in Famous Dairy Restaurant on West 72nd St. <ref>{{cite web|title=I.B. Singer's New York: Fading, Yes, but Still Here|first=Joseph|last=Berger| website=[[The New York Times]] |date=1991-07-26|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/26/nyregion/ib-singer-s-new-york-fading-yes-but-still-here.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sider |first=West |date=2017-11-09 |title=Throwback Thursday: Famous Dairy Restaurant |url=https://www.westsiderag.com/2017/11/09/throwback-thursday-famous-dairy-restaurant |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=West Side Rag |language=en-US}}</ref>
+Due to the strict rules for separating [[milk and meat in Jewish law]], dairy restaurants evolved as an alternative to [[Jewish delicatessen]]s which specialized in meat (''fleischig'').<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kraemer |first=David C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EszxDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT150 |title=Jewish Eating and Identity Through the Ages |date=2020-07-24 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-15938-7 |language=en}}</ref> Descended from the ''milchhallen'' or "milk pavilions" of Europe, they began appearing in the [[History of the Jews in New York City|Jewish immigrant community]] of the [[Lower East Side]] in the late 19th and early 20th century, where there were at one time hundreds of dairy restaurants.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Katchor |first=Ben |date=2020-03-10 |title=How Dairy Lunchrooms Became Alternatives to the NYC Saloon 'Free Lunch.' |url=https://lithub.com/how-jewish-dairy-lunchrooms-became-alternatives-to-saloons-in-prohibition-era-nyc/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Literary Hub |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Elinsky |first=Kate |date=2020-06-30 |title=The Milchik Way |url=https://jewishreviewofbooks.com/articles/8041/the-milchik-way/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Jewish Review of Books |language=en-us |archive-date=2024-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908085056/https://jewishreviewofbooks.com/articles/8041/the-milchik-way/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-27 |title=Add this to your quarantine reading list: 500 pages on Jewish dairy restaurants and the 'milkhideke' personality |url=https://forward.com/life/444549/quarantine-read-of-the-week-500-pages-on-jewish-dairies-and-the-milkhideke/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=The Forward |language=en |archive-date=2024-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908085055/https://forward.com/life/444549/quarantine-read-of-the-week-500-pages-on-jewish-dairies-and-the-milkhideke/ |url-status=live }}</ref> They were also found in [[Chicago]] and [[Toronto]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Haddix |first1=Carol |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4YyDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT195 |title=The Chicago Food Encyclopedia |last2=Kraig |first2=Bruce |last3=Sen |first3=Colleen Taylor |date=2017-08-16 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0-252-09977-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rosen |first=Amy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5i9-DwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT96 |title=Kosher Style: Over 100 Jewish Recipes for the Modern Cook: A Cookbook |date=2019-09-03 |publisher=Appetite by Random House |isbn=978-0-525-60990-2 |language=en}}</ref>
+Dairy restaurant menus include items such as potato [[latke]]s, [[gefilte fish]], [[matzo brei]], vegetarian (''milkhiker'') [[borscht]], [[kugel]], [[protose]] (a synthetic vegetable meat substitute), [[pierogies]], [[milk toast]], [[poppy cake]]s, [[buttermilk]], cheese [[blintzes]] and [[kreplach]], as well as American dishes such as [[scrambled eggs]] or [[tuna salad]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Marks |first=Gil |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PT1029 |title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food |date=2010-11-17 |publisher=HMH |isbn=978-0-544-18631-6 |language=en}}
+*{{Cite book |last=Hersh |first=June |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HuKfEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA108 |title=Iconic New York Jewish Food: A History and Guide with Recipes |date=2023 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-1-4671-5260-0 |language=en}}
+*{{Cite book |last=Katchor |first=Ben |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLXPDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA315 |title=The Dairy Restaurant |date=2020-03-10 |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-8052-4219-5 |language=en}}
+*{{cite web |last=Garner |first=Dwight |date=2020-03-16 |title=An Illustrated Love Song to Jewish Restaurants of Old |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/books/review-dairy-restaurant-ben-katchor.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}
+*{{Cite web |last=Moskin |first=Julia |date=2020-04-06 |title=A Rich (Very Rich) History of the Jewish Dairy Restaurant |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/dining/kosher-dairy-restaurant-book-ben-katchor.html |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=The New York Times}}</ref>Notable examples frequented by Jewish immigrants and American Jews, among others, include [[B&H Dairy]] and [[Ratner's]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rosenberg |first=David |date=2009 |title=HISTORICAL NOTE: Holocaust Behind the Counter: L&G Luncheonette and the Origins of the East Village Poetry Scene |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25742523 |journal=Chicago Review |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=176–181 |jstor=25742523 |issn=0009-3696}}
+*{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Gary Scott |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XkTPEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=RA1-PA52 |title=American Religious History: Belief and Society through Time [3 volumes] |date=2020-12-07 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-4408-6161-1 |language=en}}
+*{{Cite book |last=Halper |first=Emanuel B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v2oQd1HGNekC&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=RA5-SA9-PA125 |title=Shopping Center and Store Leases |date=2001 |publisher=Law Journal Press |isbn=978-1-58852-003-6 |language=en}}
+*{{Cite book |last1=Stein |first1=Lori |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V6szDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA209 |title=Let's Eat: Jewish Food and Faith |last2=Isaacs |first2=Ronald H. |date=2023-06-14 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-7104-3 |language=en}}
+*{{Cite book |last=Sherman |first=Susan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EMfqAwAAQBAJ&dq=%22jewish+dairy%22&pg=PA95 |title=Nirvana on Ninth Street |date=2014-09-01 |publisher=Wings Press |isbn=978-1-60940-408-6 |language=en}}</ref> [[Leon Trotsky]] was said to be particularly fond of a restaurant called Triangle Dairy in the Bronx, whose waiters were Russian emigrés, but refused to tip, leading to verbal abuse, intentionally poor service, and an incident that caused him to be burned by hot soup.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rubenstein |first=Joshua |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5BwVobZObGwC&pg=PT92 |title=Leon Trotsky: A Revolutionary's Life |date=2011-10-15 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-17841-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Giffin |first=Frederick C. |date=1968 |title=Leon Trotsky in New York City |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23162567 |journal=New York History |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=391–403 |jstor=23162567 |issn=0146-437X}}</ref> A restaurant known as Steinberg's on the [[Upper West Side]] was beloved by writers and theater people and a refuge for [[Zero Mostel]] when he was [[Hollywood blacklist|blacklisted]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=» Mid-Century Style, Black-List & Dairy Restaurants |url=https://www.landmarkwest.org/mid-century-style-black-list-dairy-restaurants/ |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=www.landmarkwest.org |archive-date=2024-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912031055/https://www.landmarkwest.org/mid-century-style-black-list-dairy-restaurants/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]], a noted [[Jewish vegetarianism|Jewish vegetarian]], was said to favor the Famous Dairy Restaurant on West 72nd St. <ref>{{cite web|title=I.B. Singer's New York: Fading, Yes, but Still Here|first=Joseph|last=Berger|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=1991-07-26|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/26/nyregion/ib-singer-s-new-york-fading-yes-but-still-here.html|access-date=2024-09-08|archive-date=2024-09-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912031056/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/26/nyregion/ib-singer-s-new-york-fading-yes-but-still-here.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sider |first=West |date=2017-11-09 |title=Throwback Thursday: Famous Dairy Restaurant |url=https://www.westsiderag.com/2017/11/09/throwback-thursday-famous-dairy-restaurant |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=West Side Rag |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912031558/https://www.westsiderag.com/2017/11/09/throwback-thursday-famous-dairy-restaurant |url-status=live }}</ref>
+==See also==
+*[[Appetizing store]]
+*[[Bar mleczny]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 11: / Line 25: @@
 {{Jewish cuisine}}
-[[Category:Milchig restaurants|Milchig restaurants]]
 [[Category:Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine]]
-[[Category:Jewish American cuisine]]
 [[Category:Cuisine of New York City]]
+[[Category:Jewish American cuisine]]
 [[Category:Jewish cuisine]]
 [[Category:Jewish culture]]
+[[Category:Milchig restaurants| ]]