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{{Short description|1657 battle}}
{{no footnotes|date=September 2014}}
{{no footnotes|date=September 2014}}


{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox military conflict
|conflict=Battle of Magierów
| conflict = Battle of Magierów
|image=Matthisen Stefan Czarniecki 01.jpg
| image = Matthisen Stefan Czarniecki 01.jpg
|caption=Matthisen Stefan Czarniecki
| caption = Matthisen Stefan Czarniecki
|partof=[[Second Northern War]] / [[The Deluge (Polish history)|The Deluge]]
| partof = the [[Second Northern War]] / [[The Deluge (Polish history)|The Deluge]]
|date=11 July 1657
| date = 11 July 1657
|place= [[Maheriv|Magierów]] near [[Lwów]], [[Lviv#Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] (now: [[Ukraine]])
| place = [[Maheriv|Magierów]] near [[Lwów]], [[Lviv#Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] (now: [[Ukraine]])
|result=Polish victory
| result = [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish-Lithuanian]]-[[Crimean Khanate|Tatar]] victory
|combatant1=[[Image:Coat of arms of Transylvania.svg|18px]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]]<br>[[Image:Herb Viyska Zaporozkoho.svg|18px]]&nbsp;[[Zaporozhian Host|Zaporozhian Cossacks]]
| combatant1 ={{flagicon image|Flag of Transylvania before 1918.svg}} [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]] <br/>{{flagicon|Cossack Hetmanate}} [[Zaporozhian Host|Zaporozhian Cossacks]]<br>{{flagcountry|Moldavia|1646}}
|combatant2=[[File:Herb Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodow.svg|18px]] [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]<br> [[File:Gerae-tamga.svg|18px]] [[Crimean Khanate]]
| combatant2 ={{flagicon|Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth}} [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] <br/> [[File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg|24px]] [[Crimean Khanate]]
|commander1=[[Image:Coat of arms of Transylvania.svg|18px]] [[George II Rakoczi]]
| commander1 ={{flagicon image|Flag of Transylvania before 1918.svg}} [[George II Rakoczi]]
|commander2=[[File:Herb Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodow.svg|18px]] [[Stefan Czarniecki]]
| commander2 ={{flagicon|Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth}} [[Stefan Czarniecki]]
|strength1=unknown
| strength1 = Unknown
|strength2=10,000
| strength2 = 10,000
|casualties1=unknown
| casualties1 = Unknown
|casualties2=unknown
| casualties2 = Unknown
}}
}}
{{Campaignbox The Deluge}}
{{Campaignbox The Deluge}}
{{Campaignbox Second Northern War}}
{{Campaignbox Second Northern War}}


The '''Battle of Magierów''' took place on 11 July 1657, during the period in [[Poland|Polish]] history known as the [[Deluge (history)|Swedish Deluge]]. Polish army commanded by [[Stefan Czarniecki]], and supported by [[Crimean Tatars]], defeated a Transilvanian-Cossack-Moldavian-Wallachian army of [[George II Rákóczi]].
The '''Battle of Magierów''' took place on 11 July 1657, during [[Poland|Polish]] history known as the [[Deluge (history)|Swedish Deluge]]. Polish army commanded by [[Stefan Czarniecki]], and supported by [[Crimean Tatars]], defeated a Transilvanian-Cossack-Moldavian-Wallachian army of [[George II Rákóczi]].


== Background ==
== Background ==
In late January 1657, following the [[Treaty of Radnot]], southern provinces of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] were invaded by the [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]], whose army was commanded by [[George II Rákóczi]]. In mid-February near [[Medyka]], the 25,000 Transilvanians joined 10,000 [[Zaporozhian Host|Zaporozhian Cossacks]] under Anton Zdanowicz. By March 1657, Rakoczi reached Swedish-occupied [[Kraków]], in April, he met Swedish King [[Charles X Gustav of Sweden|Charles X Gustav]], in May, he captured the city of [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]], and by late June, he was in Warsaw. Rakoczi’s campaign was marked by widespread looting, murder and destruction.
In late January 1657, following the [[Treaty of Radnot]], southern provinces of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] were invaded by the [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]], whose army was commanded by [[George II Rákóczi]]. In mid-February near [[Medyka]], the 25,000 Transilvanians joined 10,000 [[Zaporozhian Host|Zaporozhian Cossacks]] under Anton Zdanowicz. By March 1657, Rakoczi reached Swedish-occupied [[Kraków]]. In April, he met Swedish King [[Charles X Gustav of Sweden|Charles X Gustav]]. In May, he captured the city of [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]. By late June, he was in Warsaw. Rakoczi’s campaign was marked by widespread looting, murder, and destruction.


In June 1657, the [[Dano-Swedish War (1657–58)]] broke out, which forced Charles Gustav to move most of his army to [[Denmark]]. Under the circumstances, the Rakoczi decided to march southwards, and leave the Commonwealth as soon as possible. Polish King [[John II Casimir]] of the Royal [[House of Vasa|Vasa Dynasty]] was well aware of it, and decided to prevent the Transilvanians, Moldovans, Wallachians and Cossacks from escaping Poland. King John II Casimir called [[Stefan Czarniecki]] to come with his division to [[Częstochowa]], where he was joined by Austrian cavalry mercenaries, Lithuanians of Aleksander Hilary Polubiński, and a unit of Crimean Tatars. On 7 July Czarniecki’s division reached [[Łańcut]], where a council of Polish [[hetman]]s took place. Czarniecki then followed Rakoczi, while [[Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski]] and [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]] sealed the Polish - Transilvanian border.
In June 1657, the [[Dano-Swedish War (1657–58)]] broke out, which forced Charles Gustav to move most of his army to [[Denmark]]. Under the circumstances, the Rakoczi decided to march southwards and leave the Commonwealth as soon as possible. Polish King [[John II Casimir]] of the Royal [[House of Vasa|Vasa Dynasty]] was well aware of it and decided to prevent the Transylvanians, Moldovans, Wallachians, and Cossacks from escaping Poland. King John II Casimir called [[Stefan Czarniecki]] to come with his division to [[Częstochowa]] where Austrian cavalry mercenaries, Lithuanians of Aleksander Hilary Polubiński, and a unit of Crimean Tatars joined him. On 7 July, Czarniecki’s division reached [[Łańcut]], where a council of Polish [[hetman]]s took place. Czarniecki followed Rakoczi, while [[Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski]] and [[Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki]] sealed the Polish-Transylvanian border.


==The battle==
==Battle==
After the meeting, Czarniecki with an army of 10,000 followed Rakoczi, attacking his troops in a guerilla style-war, typical of the Polish hetman. On 11 July Czarniecki attacked the Transilvanians, near the village of Magierów, north of [[Lwów]]. After a Polish attack, the Transilvanians retreated towards [[Żółkiew]], leaving behind some 2,000 wagons with goods looted in Poland. Soon afterwards, Poles ambushed the enemy in the swampy waterbed of the [[Poltva River]]. Hundreds of Hungarians drowned, and the survivors continued their retreat southwards.
After the meeting, Czarniecki, with an army of 10,000. followed Rakoczi, attacking his troops in a guerrilla-style war, typical of the Polish hetman. On 11 July, Czarniecki attacked the Transylvanians, near the village of Magierów, north of [[Lwów]]. After a Polish attack, the Transilvanians retreated towards [[Żółkiew]], leaving behind some 2,000 wagons with goods looted in Poland. Soon afterward, Poles ambushed the enemy in the swampy waterbed of the [[Poltva River]]. Hundreds of Hungarians drowned, and the survivors continued their retreat southwards.


== Sources ==
== Sources ==
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[[Category:Battles involving the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Magierow]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Magierow]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1657]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1657]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Crimean Khanate]]

Latest revision as of 16:01, 7 October 2024

Battle of Magierów
Part of the Second Northern War / The Deluge

Matthisen Stefan Czarniecki
Date11 July 1657
Location
Magierów near Lwów, Kingdom of Poland (now: Ukraine)
Result Polish-Lithuanian-Tatar victory
Belligerents
Principality of Transylvania
Cossack Hetmanate Zaporozhian Cossacks
 Moldavia		 Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Crimean Khanate
Commanders and leaders
George II Rakoczi Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Stefan Czarniecki
Strength
Unknown 10,000
Casualties and losses
Unknown Unknown

The Battle of Magierów took place on 11 July 1657, during Polish history known as the Swedish Deluge. Polish army commanded by Stefan Czarniecki, and supported by Crimean Tatars, defeated a Transilvanian-Cossack-Moldavian-Wallachian army of George II Rákóczi.

Background

[edit]

In late January 1657, following the Treaty of Radnot, southern provinces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were invaded by the Principality of Transylvania, whose army was commanded by George II Rákóczi. In mid-February near Medyka, the 25,000 Transilvanians joined 10,000 Zaporozhian Cossacks under Anton Zdanowicz. By March 1657, Rakoczi reached Swedish-occupied Kraków. In April, he met Swedish King Charles X Gustav. In May, he captured the city of Brest. By late June, he was in Warsaw. Rakoczi’s campaign was marked by widespread looting, murder, and destruction.

In June 1657, the Dano-Swedish War (1657–58) broke out, which forced Charles Gustav to move most of his army to Denmark. Under the circumstances, the Rakoczi decided to march southwards and leave the Commonwealth as soon as possible. Polish King John II Casimir of the Royal Vasa Dynasty was well aware of it and decided to prevent the Transylvanians, Moldovans, Wallachians, and Cossacks from escaping Poland. King John II Casimir called Stefan Czarniecki to come with his division to Częstochowa where Austrian cavalry mercenaries, Lithuanians of Aleksander Hilary Polubiński, and a unit of Crimean Tatars joined him. On 7 July, Czarniecki’s division reached Łańcut, where a council of Polish hetmans took place. Czarniecki followed Rakoczi, while Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski and Stanisław "Rewera" Potocki sealed the Polish-Transylvanian border.

Battle

[edit]

After the meeting, Czarniecki, with an army of 10,000. followed Rakoczi, attacking his troops in a guerrilla-style war, typical of the Polish hetman. On 11 July, Czarniecki attacked the Transylvanians, near the village of Magierów, north of Lwów. After a Polish attack, the Transilvanians retreated towards Żółkiew, leaving behind some 2,000 wagons with goods looted in Poland. Soon afterward, Poles ambushed the enemy in the swampy waterbed of the Poltva River. Hundreds of Hungarians drowned, and the survivors continued their retreat southwards.

Sources

[edit]
  • Nagielski, Miroslaw (1990). Historyczne bitwy: Warszawa 1656 (in Polish). Bellona. ISBN 83-11-07786-X.
  • Podhorodecki, Leszek (1985). Rapier i koncerz: Z dziejów wojen polsko-szwedzkich (in Polish). Ksiazka i Wiedza. ISBN 9788305114523.

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