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{{short description|American musician (born 1951)}}
{{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians -->
{{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians -->
| name = Verdine White
| name = Verdine White
| image = Verdine White 2010.jpg
| image = Verdine White by Gage Skidmore.jpg
| caption = White with Earth Wind, and Fire performing in 2010 in the Netherlands
| caption = White in 2023
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| alias =
| birth_name = Verdine Adams Jr.
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1951|07|25}}<br />[[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]], [[Illinois]], U.S.
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1951|07|25}}<br />[[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]], [[Illinois]], U.S.
| instrument = [[Bass guitar]], [[Vocals]], [[Percussions]]
| instrument = [[Bass guitar]], [[vocals]], [[percussions]]
| genre = [[R&B]], [[Funk music|funk]], [[Soul music|soul]], [[jazz fusion]]
| genre = {{Hlist|[[R&B]]|[[Funk|funk]]|[[Soul music|soul]]|[[jazz fusion]]}}
| occupation = [[Musician]], [[Songwriter]], [[Record producer|Producer]], [[Author]], [[Motivational Speaker]]
| occupation = {{Hlist|[[Musician]]|[[songwriter]]|[[Record producer]]|[[author]]|[[motivational speaker]]}}
| years_active = 1969–present
| years_active = 1969–present
| label =
| associated_acts = [[Earth, Wind & Fire]], [[Level 42]], [[The Emotions]], [[Deniece Williams]], [[Ramsey Lewis]], [[Jennifer Lopez]], [[DJ Cassidy]], [[Busty and Bass]], [[Robin Thicke]], [[Meghan Trainor]]
| associated_acts = [[Earth, Wind & Fire]], [[Level 42]], [[The Emotions]], [[Deniece Williams]], [[Ramsey Lewis]], [[Jennifer Lopez]], [[DJ Cassidy]], [[Busty and Bass]], [[Robin Thicke]], [[Meghan Trainor]]
| website = {{Official website|http://www.verdinewhite.com}}
| website = {{Official website|http://www.verdinewhite.com}}
}}
}}


'''Verdine White''' (born July 25, 1951) is an American musician, best known as a founding member and [[bassist]] for the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] Band, [[Earth, Wind & Fire]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Earth, Wind and Fire {{!}} Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/earth-wind-and-fire |website=www.rockhall.com |access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref> White was placed at No. 27 on [[Bass Player (magazine)|Bass Player]]'s list of The 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bassplayer.com/artists/the-100-greatest-bass-players-of-all-time|title=The 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time|website=bassplayer.com}}</ref>
'''Verdine Adams White''' (born '''Verdine Adams Jr.'''; July 25, 1951) is an American musician, best known as a founding member and [[bassist]] for the band [[Earth, Wind & Fire]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Verdine White {{!}} Biography, Albums, Streaming Links|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/verdine-white-mn0000841950|access-date=2021-04-13|website=AllMusic|language=en}}</ref> White was placed at No. 19 on [[Rolling Stone (magazine)|Rolling Stone]]'s list of [https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-greatest-bassists-of-all-time-1003022/ The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time].<ref>{{cite web|title=The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-greatest-bassists-of-all-time-1003022/|access-date=February 5, 2022|website=rollingstone.com|date=July 2020 }}</ref>


==Early life==
== Early life ==
⚫
Verdine was born '''Verdine Adams, Jr.''' in [[Chicago, Illinois]], on July 25, 1951. His father, Verdine Sr., was a doctor who also played the [[saxophone]]. He grew up listening to recordings of [[Miles Davis]], [[John Coltrane]], and other [[jazz]] musicians. He was also influenced by Cleveland Eaton, The Beatles and his two drummer brothers, [[Fred White (musician)|Fred]] and (half-brother) [[Maurice White]], the [[Motown|Motown sound]], and the [[Beatles]]. When he was 15, he saw a [[Double bass]] in his [[high school]] orchestra class and decided that he wanted to play bass.


⚫
Verdine was born '''Verdine Adams, Jr.''' in [[Chicago, Illinois]], on July 25, 1951. His father, Verdine Sr., was a doctor who also played the [[saxophone]]. He grew up listening to recordings of [[Miles Davis]], [[John Coltrane]], and other [[jazz]] musicians. He was also influenced by [[Cleveland Eaton]], [[The Beatles]], the [[Motown (music style)|Motown sound]], and his two drummer brothers, [[Fred White (musician)|Fred]] and [[Maurice White|Maurice]]. When he was 15, he saw a [[double bass]] in his [[high school]] orchestra class and decided that he wanted to play bass.
⚫
He soon got a red [[electric bass]] and, taking the advice of brother Maurice and his father, took private lessons from Radi Velah of the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], learning the Bille double bass method{{clarify|date=May 2011}}, and on weekends learned the electric bass with [[Chess Records]] session bassist and trombonist [[Louis Satterfield]], who would later become a member of Earth, Wind & Fire's famed [[horn section]], [[Phenix Horns|The Phenix Horns]]. Verdine says he learned everything about the bass guitar from Louis Satterfield, and some of his early bass influences were [[James Jamerson]], [[Paul McCartney]], and [[Gary Karr]].


⚫
He soon got a red [[electric bass]] and, taking the advice of brother Maurice and his father, took private lessons from Radi Velah of the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], learning the [[Double bass#Instruction methods and performance|Billè double bass method]], and on weekends learned the electric bass with [[Chess Records]] session bassist and trombonist [[Louis Satterfield]], who would later become a member of Earth, Wind & Fire's famed [[horn section]], [[Phenix Horns|The Phenix Horns]]. Verdine says he learned everything about the bass guitar from Louis Satterfield, and some of his early bass influences were [[James Jamerson]], [[Paul McCartney]], and [[Gary Karr]].
⚫
Moving toward a newly bought [[Fender Telecaster]] bass instead of the upright bass, Verdine began working the Chicago club scene with local bands. Meanwhile, brother Maurice, who was a former session drummer at [[Chess Records]] and a member of pianist [[Ramsey Lewis Trio|Ramsey Lewis' trio]], had formed the Salty Peppers, scoring a local hit that caught the ears of [[Capitol Records]].

⚫
Moving toward a newly bought [[Fender Telecaster Bass]] instead of the upright bass, Verdine began working the Chicago club scene with local bands. Meanwhile, brother Maurice, who was a former session drummer at [[Chess Records]] and a member of pianist [[Ramsey Lewis Trio|Ramsey Lewis' trio]], had formed the Salty Peppers, scoring a local hit that caught the ears of [[Capitol Records]].


In early 1970 Maurice moved to Los Angeles, hoping to record the group, which he had renamed Earth, Wind & Fire and called up Verdine asking whether he would like to join, which he did, arriving in Los Angeles on June 6, 1970.
In early 1970 Maurice moved to Los Angeles, hoping to record the group, which he had renamed Earth, Wind & Fire and called up Verdine asking whether he would like to join, which he did, arriving in Los Angeles on June 6, 1970.
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==Earth, Wind & Fire==
==Earth, Wind & Fire==
[[File:Verdine White in 1982 with Earth Wind and Fire.jpg|thumb|200px|right|White performing in the Netherlands, 1982]]
[[File:Verdine White in 1982 with Earth Wind and Fire.jpg|thumb|200px|right|White performing in the Netherlands, 1982]]
As Earth, Wind & Fire's bassist since the band's inception, White has won six and received two honoree [[Grammy Award]]s, has been Grammy nominated eighteen times<ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/verdine-white/7297 |website=GRAMMY.com |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en |date=23 November 2020}}</ref> and has also been inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] and the [[Vocal Group Hall of Fame]] to name a few honors. The band has also earned more than 50 gold and platinum albums and have sold over 90 million albums worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/larry-dunn-mn0000106436|title=Larry Dunn|website=Allmusic.com}}</ref><ref name=allmusic>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/maurice-white-mn0000333796|title=Maurice White|website=Allmusic.com}}</ref>
As Earth, Wind & Fire's bassist since the band's inception, White has won six and received two honoree [[Grammy Award]]s, has been Grammy nominated eighteen times<ref name="Verdine White">{{cite web |title=Verdine White |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/verdine-white/7297 |website=GRAMMY.com |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en |date=23 November 2020}}</ref> and has also been inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] and the [[Vocal Group Hall of Fame]], to name a few honors.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Earth, Wind and Fire {{!}} Rock & Roll Hall of Fame|url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/earth-wind-and-fire|access-date=2021-04-13|website=www.rockhall.com}}</ref><ref>[http://vocalgroup.org/inductees/earth-wind-and-fire/ "Earth, Wind and Fire ― The Vocal Group Hall of Fame"]. www.vocalgroup.org. Retrieved 2021-04-13.</ref> The band has also earned more than 50 gold and platinum albums and have sold over 90 million albums worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/larry-dunn-mn0000106436|title=Larry Dunn|website=Allmusic.com}}</ref><ref name=allmusic>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/maurice-white-mn0000333796|title=Maurice White|website=Allmusic.com}}</ref>


In November 2008 White was presented with ''[[Bass Player (magazine)|Bass Player]]'' magazine's Lifetime Achievement Award by [[Nathan East]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bassplayer.com/Default.aspx?tabid=184&EntryId=478|title=BASS PLAYER LIVE! Lifetime Achievement Award Recipients|date=2011-06-15|access-date=2011-12-17|work=Bass Player Magazine}}</ref> On Friday, February 26, 2010 Verdine was inducted as a member of [[Phi Beta Sigma|Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity]] at the ceremony held at the Crowne Plaza Beverly Hills Hotel in Los Angeles, California.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs1914.org/news/phi_beta_sigma_goes_hollywood/|title=PHI BETA SIGMA GOES HOLLYWOOD|access-date=2011-12-17|work=pbs1914.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217013613/http://www.pbs1914.org/news/phi_beta_sigma_goes_hollywood/|archive-date=2011-12-17}}</ref> Verdine White holds an honorary doctorate degree from the American Conservatory of Music.
In November 2008 White was presented with ''[[Bass Player (magazine)|Bass Player]]'' magazine's Lifetime Achievement Award by [[Nathan East]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bassplayer.com/Default.aspx?tabid=184&EntryId=478|title=BASS PLAYER LIVE! Lifetime Achievement Award Recipients|date=2011-06-15|access-date=2011-12-17|work=Bass Player Magazine}}</ref> On Friday, February 26, 2010 Verdine was inducted as a member of [[Phi Beta Sigma|Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity]] at the ceremony held at the Crowne Plaza Beverly Hills Hotel in Los Angeles, California.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs1914.org/news/phi_beta_sigma_goes_hollywood/|title=PHI BETA SIGMA GOES HOLLYWOOD|access-date=2011-12-17|work=pbs1914.org|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217013613/http://www.pbs1914.org/news/phi_beta_sigma_goes_hollywood/|archive-date=2011-12-17}}</ref> Verdine White holds an honorary doctorate degree from the American Conservatory of Music.


On July 2, 2020, Rolling Stone Australia Magazine ranked White number 19 on "The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time".<ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-greatest-bassists-of-all-time-13565/verdine-white-13598/ |website=Rolling Stone Australia |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en-AU}}</ref>
On July 2, 2020, Rolling Stone Australia Magazine ranked White number 19 on "The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time".<ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/50-greatest-bassists-of-all-time-13565/verdine-white-13598/ |website=Rolling Stone Australia |date=2 July 2020 |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en-AU}}</ref>


==Songwriter==
==Songwriter==
White credits as a songwriter dates back to Earth, Wind & Fire's first recorded album, "[[Earth, Wind & Fire (album)|Earth, Wind & Fire]]". White co-wrote two of the songs on the album entitled, "C'mon Children" and "Bad Tune". White co-wrote three songs on their third album, "[[Last Days and Time]], 1972". He had one writers credit on their fourth album, "[[Head To The Sky]]". On their fifth album, "[[Open Our Eyes]]", White co-wrote their first top 5 R&B/Soul hit (No. 4), "[[Mighty Mighty (song)|Mighty, Mighty]]" along with his brother Maurice. They also co-wrote, "[[Kalimba Story]]", a top 10 R&B/Soul hit (No. 6). The two songs along with their single, "[[Devotion (song)|Devotion]] (No. 23)", helped the album top [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard's]] Soul Album Chart, given them their first No. 1 album. White co-wrote on some of Earth, Wind & Fire's biggest hits including, but not limited to, [[Shining Star (Earth, Wind & Fire song)|Shining Star]], and "[[That's the Way of the World (Earth, Wind & Fire song)|That's the Way of the World]]".
White's credits as a songwriter date back to Earth, Wind & Fire's [[Earth, Wind & Fire (album)|self-titled debut studio album]], on which White co-wrote "C'mon Children" and "Bad Tune". White co-wrote three songs on their third album, ''[[Last Days and Time]]''. He had one writing credit on their fourth album, ''[[Head To The Sky]]''. On their fifth album, ''[[Open Our Eyes]]'', White co-wrote the group's first top 5 R&B/Soul hit (No. 4), "[[Mighty Mighty (song)|Mighty, Mighty]]" along with his brother Maurice. They also co-wrote, "[[Kalimba Story]]", a top 10 R&B/Soul hit (No. 6). These two songs along with their single, "[[Devotion (song)|Devotion]]" (No. 23), helped the album top [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard's]] Soul Album Chart, given them their first No. 1 album. White's co-writes include some of Earth, Wind & Fire's biggest hits, such as "[[That's the Way of the World (Earth, Wind & Fire song)|That's the Way of the World]]".


White, is credited on many artists songs, and they can be heard in commercials, movie soundtracks, and televisions shows.<ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White {{!}} Credits |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/verdine-white-mn0000841950/credits |website=AllMusic |access-date=14 December 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref>
White is credited on many artist's songs as heard in commercials, movie soundtracks, and televisions shows.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Verdine White {{!}} Credits |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/verdine-white-mn0000841950/credits |website=AllMusic |access-date=14 December 2020 |language=en-us}}</ref>


==Philanthropy==
==Philanthropy==
White is the Co Founder and Director of the Verdine White Foundation which aims to provide musical education to underprivileged and gifted students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.verdinewhite.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820220904/http://www.verdinewhite.org/|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 August 2008|title=The Verdine White Foundation|publisher=verdinewhite.org|access-date=16 June 2009}}</ref> During 2007 he was as well inducted into the [[Boys & Girls Clubs of America|Boys and Girls Club]]'s Alumni Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://google.com/search?q=cache:dm2s0WUVfeIJ:www.bgca.org/whoweare/documents/2007AnnualReport_lores.pdf+Verdine+White+boys+and+girls+club+2007&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=tt&client=firefox-a|title=2007 Annual Report - Inspiring a Generation|publisher=bgca.org|access-date= 16 June 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgca.org/alumni/halloffame.asp|title=Alumni Hall of Fame|publisher=bgca.org|access-date=16 June 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601071819/http://www.bgca.org/alumni/halloffame.asp|archive-date=1 June 2009}}</ref>
White is the co-founder and director of the Verdine White Foundation, which aims to provide musical education to underprivileged and gifted students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.verdinewhite.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820220904/http://www.verdinewhite.org/|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 August 2008|title=The Verdine White Foundation|publisher=verdinewhite.org|access-date=16 June 2009}}</ref> During 2007 he was as well inducted into the [[Boys & Girls Clubs of America|Boys and Girls Club]]'s Alumni Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgca.org/whoweare/documents/2007AnnualReport_lores.pdf|title=2007 Annual Report - Inspiring a Generation|publisher=bgca.org|access-date= 16 June 2009}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bgca.org/alumni/halloffame.asp|title=Alumni Hall of Fame|publisher=bgca.org|access-date=16 June 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601071819/http://www.bgca.org/alumni/halloffame.asp|archive-date=1 June 2009}}</ref>


White is the founder of the non profit organization, The Verdine White Performing Arts Center (VWPAC) that is located in Los Angeles. Founded in 2010, VWPAC encourages students to reach their fullest potential as artists and people, equipped with a well rounded performing arts education and the confidence to take on whatever path they choose within the arts.<ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White Performing Arts Center {{!}} The HistoryMakers |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/taxonomy/term/703144 |website=www.thehistorymakers.org |access-date=10 December 2020}}</ref>
White is the founder of the non profit organization, The Verdine White Performing Arts Center (VWPAC), located in Los Angeles. Founded in 2010, VWPAC encourages students to reach their fullest potential as artists and people, equipped with a well-rounded performing arts education and the confidence to take on whatever path they choose within the arts.<ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White Performing Arts Center {{!}} The HistoryMakers |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/taxonomy/term/703144 |website=www.thehistorymakers.org |access-date=10 December 2020}}</ref>


==Author==
==Author==
In 2012, White co-authored a book with Louis Satterfield, "Playing Bass Guitar, A Beginner's Guide To The Electric Bass".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tuckman |first1=Dave |title=Playing the Bass Guitar by Verdine White |url=https://bassmusicianmagazine.com/2012/10/playing-the-bass-guitar-by-verdine-white/ |website=Bass Musician Magazine, The Face of Bass |access-date=14 December 2020 |date=24 October 2012}}</ref>
In 1978, White co-authored a book with Louis Satterfield, "Playing the Bass Guitar".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tuckman |first1=Dave |title=Playing the Bass Guitar by Verdine White |url=https://bassmusicianmagazine.com/2012/10/playing-the-bass-guitar-by-verdine-white/ |website=Bass Musician Magazine, The Face of Bass |access-date=14 December 2020 |date=24 October 2012}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Verdine White lives in Los Angeles in a house built in 1919, with his wife of 40 years [[Shelly Clark]]. She was once a member of R&B groups [[The Ikettes]] and [[Honey Cone]]. They have a son and a granddaughter. He also has a twin sister by the name of Geraldine. He is the younger half-brother of Earth, Wind, and Fire band founder [[Maurice White]] and older brother of drummer [[Fred White (musician)|Fred White]] and bassist Monte White (October 16, 1953 - April 21, 2020). Both were members of Earth, Wind & Fire. Fred played drums and percussion as a band member from 1974 to 1984 and was inducted with the band into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2000. Monte served as the group's tour manager from 1971 to 1980.<ref>{{cite web |title=Black Music Month Remembers Monte White |url=https://livinglegendsfoundation.com/2020/06/26/black-music-month-remembers-monte-white/?fbclid=IwAR2tK3BCNTg8AQMnO-1msUDB6ynJ06YgZZ43SALs4SuBeAvahoC9wluOrS4 |website=Living Legends Foundation |access-date=15 September 2020 |date=26 June 2020}}</ref>
Verdine White lives in Los Angeles in a house built in 1919, with his wife of 40 years [[Shelly Clark]]. She was once a member of R&B groups [[The Ikettes]] and [[Honey Cone]]. They have a son and a granddaughter. He also has a twin sister by the name of Geraldine. He is the younger half-brother of Earth, Wind, and Fire band founder [[Maurice White]] (December 19, 1941 – February 4, 2016), and older brother of drummer [[Fred White (musician)|Fred White]] (January 13, 1955 – January 1, 2023), and Monte White, (October 16, 1953 - April 21, 2020). Both were members of Earth, Wind & Fire. Fred played drums and percussion as a band member from 1974 to 1984 and was inducted with the band into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2000. Monte served as the group's tour manager from 1974 to 1984.<ref>{{cite web |title=Black Music Month Remembers Monte White |url=https://livinglegendsfoundation.com/2020/06/26/black-music-month-remembers-monte-white/ |website=Living Legends Foundation |access-date=15 September 2020 |date=26 June 2020}}</ref>


==Discography==
==Discography==
[[File:Verdine White 2010.jpg|right|thumb|White with Earth Wind, and Fire performing in 2010 in the Netherlands]]
===With Earth, Wind & Fire===
===With Earth, Wind & Fire===
{{see|Earth, Wind & Fire discography}}
{{see|Earth, Wind & Fire discography}}


===Backing Musician and Production Credits===
===Solo===
*1974 [[Ramsey Lewis]]: ''[[Sun Goddess (album)|Sun Goddess]]'' - (bass, vocals)
*1974 [[Ramsey Lewis]]: ''[[Sun Goddess (album)|Sun Goddess]]'' - (bass, vocals)
*1975 Ramsey Lewis: ''Electric Collection'' - (bass, vocals)
*1975 Ramsey Lewis: ''Electric Collection'' - (bass, vocals)
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*1977: [[Harvey Mason]]: Funk in a Mason Jar
*1977: [[Harvey Mason]]: Funk in a Mason Jar
*1977: [[Pockets (band)|Pockets]]: ''[[Come Go With Us]]'' - (producer)
*1977: [[Pockets (band)|Pockets]]: ''[[Come Go With Us]]'' - (producer)
*1977 Deniece Williams : ''[[Song Bird]]'' - (bass)
*1977 Deniece Williams : ''[[Song Bird (Deniece Williams album)|Song Bird]]'' - (bass)
*1978 The Emotions: ''[[Sunbeam (The Emotions album)|Sunbeam]]'' - (bass)
*1978 The Emotions: ''[[Sunbeam (The Emotions album)|Sunbeam]]'' - (bass)
*1978 [[Eumir Deodato]]: [[Love Island (Deodato album)|Love Island]] - (bass)
*1978 [[Eumir Deodato]]: [[Love Island (Deodato album)|Love Island]] - (bass)
*1979 Harvey Mason: Groovin You - (bass)
*1979 Harvey Mason: Groovin You - (bass)
*1979 [[Stargard (group)|Stargard]]: ''The Changing of the Gard'' - (bass, producer)
*1983 [[Level 42]]: ''[[Standing in the Light]]'' - (producer)
*1983 [[Level 42]]: ''[[Standing in the Light]]'' - (producer)
*1992 [[Norman Brown (guitarist)|Norman Brown]]: [[Just Between Us (Norman Brown album)|Just Between Us]]
*1992 [[Norman Brown (guitarist)|Norman Brown]]: [[Just Between Us (Norman Brown album)|Just Between Us]]
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*2015 [[Flo Rida]]: [[I Don't Like It, I Love It]] - (bass)
*2015 [[Flo Rida]]: [[I Don't Like It, I Love It]] - (bass)
*2017 [[Kelly Clarkson]]: ''[[Meaning of Life (album)|Meaning of Life]]'' - (bass)
*2017 [[Kelly Clarkson]]: ''[[Meaning of Life (album)|Meaning of Life]]'' - (bass)
<ref name=":0" />
<ref name=Allmusic>{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/verdine-white-mn0000841950|title=Verdine White|publisher=[[Allmusic]]|website=allmusic.com}}</ref>


==Awards==
==Awards==
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===RIAA Awards===
===RIAA Awards===
Multi-Platinum Albums <ref>{{cite web |title=The Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220090440/http://www.earthwindandfire.com/bio_awards.html |website=web.archive.org |access-date=10 December 2020 |date=20 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Gold & Platinum |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Earth%2C+Wind+%26+fire#search_section |website=RIAA |access-date=10 December 2020}}</ref>
Multi-Platinum Albums <ref name="earthwindandfire.com">{{cite web |title=The Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website |url=http://www.earthwindandfire.com/bio_awards.html |access-date=10 December 2020 |date=20 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220090440/http://www.earthwindandfire.com/bio_awards.html |archive-date=2012-02-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Gold & Platinum |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&se=Earth%2C+Wind+%26+fire#search_section |website=RIAA |access-date=10 December 2020}}</ref>
*1975 - That's The Way Of The World
*1975 - That's The Way Of The World
*1975 - Gratitude
*1975 - Gratitude
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*2003 - Inducted into Hollywood's RockWalk
*2003 - Inducted into Hollywood's RockWalk
*2003 - Inducted into The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame<ref>{{cite web |title=The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame {{!}} Earth, Wind and Fire |url=http://vocalgroup.org/Inductees/earth-wind-and-fire/ |access-date=14 December 2020}}</ref>
*2003 - Inducted into The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame<ref>{{cite web |title=The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame {{!}} Earth, Wind and Fire |url=http://vocalgroup.org/Inductees/earth-wind-and-fire/ |access-date=14 December 2020}}</ref>
*2010 - Songwriters Hall Of Fame <ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White {{!}} Songwriters Hall of Fame |url=https://www.songhall.org/profile/verdine_white?fbclid=IwAR1KJs7zhvesPlG_CxFB0vVqNxEXok0BYGMlz2zNpZQOgvw2pWvRpvJyGkM |website=www.songhall.org |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref>
*2010 - Songwriters Hall Of Fame <ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White {{!}} Songwriters Hall of Fame |url=https://www.songhall.org/profile/verdine_white |website=www.songhall.org |access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref>
*2012 - Beacon of Change award at the Beacon Awards Banquet<ref>{{cite web |title=Don Newcombe to receive Major League Baseball's Beacon of Hope Award |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/don-newcombe-to-receive-major-league-baseballs-beacon-of-hope-award/c-36856692 |website=MLB.com |access-date=14 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*2012 - Beacon of Change award at the Beacon Awards Banquet<ref>{{cite web |title=Don Newcombe to receive Major League Baseball's Beacon of Hope Award |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/don-newcombe-to-receive-major-league-baseballs-beacon-of-hope-award/c-36856692 |website=MLB.com |date=17 August 2012 |access-date=14 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*2019 - Kennedy Center Honors <ref>{{cite web |last1=December 9 |first1=CBS News |title=Kennedy Center honorees Earth Wind & Fire on their "message of hope and love and respect" |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kennedy-center-honors-earth-wind-and-fire-ralph-johnson-philip-bailey-verdine-white/ |website=www.cbsnews.com |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Earth, Wind & Fire Makes History By Becoming The First Black Group Inducted Into Kennedy Honors |url=https://newsone.com/3896681/earth-wind-fire-kennedy-honors/ |website=NewsOne |access-date=10 December 2020 |date=15 December 2019}}</ref>
*2019 - Kennedy Center Honors <ref>{{cite web |last1=December 9 |first1=CBS News |title=Kennedy Center honorees Earth Wind & Fire on their "message of hope and love and respect" |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kennedy-center-honors-earth-wind-and-fire-ralph-johnson-philip-bailey-verdine-white/ |website=www.cbsnews.com |date=9 December 2019 |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Earth, Wind & Fire Makes History By Becoming The First Black Group Inducted Into Kennedy Honors |url=https://newsone.com/3896681/earth-wind-fire-kennedy-honors/ |website=NewsOne |access-date=10 December 2020 |date=15 December 2019}}</ref>


===Grammy Awards===
===Grammy Awards===
*2016 - Lifetime Achievement Award <ref>{{cite web |title=Verdine White |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/verdine-white/7297 |website=GRAMMY.com |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en |date=23 November 2020}}</ref>
*2016 - Lifetime Achievement Award <ref name="Verdine White"/>
*2008 - GRAMMY Hall Of Fame, "Shining Star"
*2008 - GRAMMY Hall Of Fame, "Shining Star"
*2004 - NARAS Signature Governors Award
*2004 - NARAS Signature Governors Award
Line 128: Line 131:


===American Music Awards===
===American Music Awards===
*1976 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group - Soul/Rhythm & Blues <ref>{{cite web |title=The Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220090440/http://www.earthwindandfire.com/bio_awards.html |website=web.archive.org |access-date=10 December 2020 |date=20 February 2012}}</ref>
*1976 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group - Soul/Rhythm & Blues <ref name="earthwindandfire.com"/>
*1977 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues
*1977 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues
*1978 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues
*1978 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues
Line 134: Line 137:


===Other awards===
===Other awards===
*1994 - NAACP Hall Of Fame Image Award <ref>{{cite web |title=The Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220090440/http://www.earthwindandfire.com/bio_awards.html |website=web.archive.org |access-date=10 December 2020 |date=20 February 2012}}</ref>
*1994 - NAACP Hall Of Fame Image Award <ref name="earthwindandfire.com"/>
*2002 - BET Lifetime Achievement Award
*2002 - BET Lifetime Achievement Award
*2002 - ASCAP Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award
*2002 - ASCAP Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award
Line 141: Line 144:
*2008 - Bass Player Lifetime Achievement Award
*2008 - Bass Player Lifetime Achievement Award
*2008 - Honorary Doctorates in the arts from Columbia College in Chicago <ref>{{cite web |last1=Sauro |first1=Tony |title=Shining stars: Earth, Wind and Fire |url=https://www.recordnet.com/article/20080612/A_ENTERTAIN/806120310 |website=recordnet.com |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*2008 - Honorary Doctorates in the arts from Columbia College in Chicago <ref>{{cite web |last1=Sauro |first1=Tony |title=Shining stars: Earth, Wind and Fire |url=https://www.recordnet.com/article/20080612/A_ENTERTAIN/806120310 |website=recordnet.com |access-date=10 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*2016 - Induction into The Soul Music Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web |title=SoulMusic Hall Of Fame Inductees (Group) |url=https://www.soulmusic.com/index.php/article/honey-cone-soulmusic-hall-fame-2020-inductees-group |website=SoulMusic |access-date=5 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
*2016 - Induction into The Soul Music Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web |title=SoulMusic Hall Of Fame Inductees (Group) |url=https://www.soulmusic.com/index.php/article/honey-cone-soulmusic-hall-fame-2020-inductees-group |website=SoulMusic |date=8 January 2021 |access-date=5 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
*2021 - Mayor John Hamilton proclaimed February 1, 2021, Verdine White and Shelly Clark day in Bloomington, Indiana.<ref>{{cite web |title=Neal-Marshall Black Culture Center and City of Bloomington host online Black History Month panel |url=https://www.idsnews.com/article/2021/01/neal-marshall-black-culture-center-and-city-of-bloomington-host-online-black-history-month-panel?fbclid=IwAR0FzlPXVSQQwpkyz4hJWkBOW1LzjBmbwj3U45Vwrm37cwZVtSwNyesEQIE |website=Indiana Daily Student |access-date=5 February 2021}}</ref>
*2021 - Mayor John Hamilton proclaimed February 1, 2021, Verdine White and Shelly Clark day in Bloomington, Indiana.<ref>{{cite web |title=Neal-Marshall Black Culture Center and City of Bloomington host online Black History Month panel |url=https://www.idsnews.com/article/2021/01/neal-marshall-black-culture-center-and-city-of-bloomington-host-online-black-history-month-panel |website=Indiana Daily Student |access-date=5 February 2021}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 149: Line 152:
==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Verdine White}}
{{commons category|Verdine White}}
*[http://www.verdinewhite.com Verdine White's official website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160512211302/http://verdinewhite.com/ Verdine White's official website] (Archive at the Internet Archive Wayback Machine)
*[https://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/verdine-white Verdine White Interview] NAMM Oral History Library, January 20, 2014.
*[https://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/verdine-white Verdine White Interview] at [[NAMM Oral History Program|NAMM Oral History Collection]] (January 20, 2014)


{{Earth, Wind & Fire}}
{{Earth, Wind & Fire}}
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[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:African-American musicians]]
[[Category:American funk bass guitarists]]
[[Category:American funk bass guitarists]]
[[Category:American male bass guitarists]]
[[Category:American male bass guitarists]]
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[[Category:Guitarists from Chicago]]
[[Category:Guitarists from Chicago]]
[[Category:20th-century American guitarists]]
[[Category:20th-century American guitarists]]
[[Category: 21st-century American guitarists]]
[[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]]

Latest revision as of 00:35, 31 October 2024

Verdine White
White in 2023
White in 2023
Background information
Birth nameVerdine Adams Jr.
Born (1951-07-25) July 25, 1951 (age 73)
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Genres
Occupations
Instrument(s)Bass guitar, vocals, percussions
Years active1969–present
WebsiteOfficial website

Verdine Adams White (born Verdine Adams Jr.; July 25, 1951) is an American musician, best known as a founding member and bassist for the band Earth, Wind & Fire.[1] White was placed at No. 19 on Rolling Stone's list of The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time.[2]

Early life

[edit]

Verdine was born Verdine Adams, Jr. in Chicago, Illinois, on July 25, 1951. His father, Verdine Sr., was a doctor who also played the saxophone. He grew up listening to recordings of Miles Davis, John Coltrane, and other jazz musicians. He was also influenced by Cleveland Eaton, The Beatles, the Motown sound, and his two drummer brothers, Fred and Maurice. When he was 15, he saw a double bass in his high school orchestra class and decided that he wanted to play bass.

He soon got a red electric bass and, taking the advice of brother Maurice and his father, took private lessons from Radi Velah of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, learning the Billè double bass method, and on weekends learned the electric bass with Chess Records session bassist and trombonist Louis Satterfield, who would later become a member of Earth, Wind & Fire's famed horn section, The Phenix Horns. Verdine says he learned everything about the bass guitar from Louis Satterfield, and some of his early bass influences were James Jamerson, Paul McCartney, and Gary Karr.

Moving toward a newly bought Fender Telecaster Bass instead of the upright bass, Verdine began working the Chicago club scene with local bands. Meanwhile, brother Maurice, who was a former session drummer at Chess Records and a member of pianist Ramsey Lewis' trio, had formed the Salty Peppers, scoring a local hit that caught the ears of Capitol Records.

In early 1970 Maurice moved to Los Angeles, hoping to record the group, which he had renamed Earth, Wind & Fire and called up Verdine asking whether he would like to join, which he did, arriving in Los Angeles on June 6, 1970.

Earth, Wind & Fire

[edit]
White performing in the Netherlands, 1982

As Earth, Wind & Fire's bassist since the band's inception, White has won six and received two honoree Grammy Awards, has been Grammy nominated eighteen times[3] and has also been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, to name a few honors.[4][5] The band has also earned more than 50 gold and platinum albums and have sold over 90 million albums worldwide.[6][7]

In November 2008 White was presented with Bass Player magazine's Lifetime Achievement Award by Nathan East.[8] On Friday, February 26, 2010 Verdine was inducted as a member of Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity at the ceremony held at the Crowne Plaza Beverly Hills Hotel in Los Angeles, California.[9] Verdine White holds an honorary doctorate degree from the American Conservatory of Music.

On July 2, 2020, Rolling Stone Australia Magazine ranked White number 19 on "The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time".[10]

Songwriter

[edit]

White's credits as a songwriter date back to Earth, Wind & Fire's self-titled debut studio album, on which White co-wrote "C'mon Children" and "Bad Tune". White co-wrote three songs on their third album, Last Days and Time. He had one writing credit on their fourth album, Head To The Sky. On their fifth album, Open Our Eyes, White co-wrote the group's first top 5 R&B/Soul hit (No. 4), "Mighty, Mighty" along with his brother Maurice. They also co-wrote, "Kalimba Story", a top 10 R&B/Soul hit (No. 6). These two songs along with their single, "Devotion" (No. 23), helped the album top Billboard's Soul Album Chart, given them their first No. 1 album. White's co-writes include some of Earth, Wind & Fire's biggest hits, such as "That's the Way of the World".

White is credited on many artist's songs as heard in commercials, movie soundtracks, and televisions shows.[11]

Philanthropy

[edit]

White is the co-founder and director of the Verdine White Foundation, which aims to provide musical education to underprivileged and gifted students.[12] During 2007 he was as well inducted into the Boys and Girls Club's Alumni Hall of Fame.[13][14]

White is the founder of the non profit organization, The Verdine White Performing Arts Center (VWPAC), located in Los Angeles. Founded in 2010, VWPAC encourages students to reach their fullest potential as artists and people, equipped with a well-rounded performing arts education and the confidence to take on whatever path they choose within the arts.[15]

Author

[edit]

In 1978, White co-authored a book with Louis Satterfield, "Playing the Bass Guitar".[16]

Personal life

[edit]

Verdine White lives in Los Angeles in a house built in 1919, with his wife of 40 years Shelly Clark. She was once a member of R&B groups The Ikettes and Honey Cone. They have a son and a granddaughter. He also has a twin sister by the name of Geraldine. He is the younger half-brother of Earth, Wind, and Fire band founder Maurice White (December 19, 1941 – February 4, 2016), and older brother of drummer Fred White (January 13, 1955 – January 1, 2023), and Monte White, (October 16, 1953 - April 21, 2020). Both were members of Earth, Wind & Fire. Fred played drums and percussion as a band member from 1974 to 1984 and was inducted with the band into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2000. Monte served as the group's tour manager from 1974 to 1984.[17]

Discography

[edit]
White with Earth Wind, and Fire performing in 2010 in the Netherlands

With Earth, Wind & Fire

[edit]
Further information: Earth, Wind & Fire discography

Backing Musician and Production Credits

[edit]

[11]

Awards

[edit]
Further information: List of awards and nominations received by Earth, Wind, & Fire

RIAA Awards

[edit]

Multi-Platinum Albums [18][19]

  • 1975 - That's The Way Of The World
  • 1975 - Gratitude
  • 1976 - Spirit

Platinum Albums

  • 1973 - Head To The Sky
  • 1974 - Open Our Eyes
  • 1981 - Raise!

Gold Albums

  • 1980 - Faces
  • 1983 - Powerlight
  • 1987 - Touch The World
  • 1988 - The Best Of Earth, Wind & Fire Vol. II
  • 2003 - The Essential Earth, Wind & Fire

Gold Singles

  • 1975 - Shining Star
  • 1975 - Singasong
  • 1976 - Getaway
  • 1978 - September
  • 1978 - Got To Get You Into My Life
  • 1979 - Boogie Wonderland
  • 1979 - After The Love Has Gone
  • 1981 - Let's Groove

Inductions

[edit]
  • 1995 - Star on Hollywood's Walk Of Fame [20]
  • 2000 - Rock & Roll Hall Of Fame [21]
  • 2003 - Inducted into Hollywood's RockWalk
  • 2003 - Inducted into The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame[22]
  • 2010 - Songwriters Hall Of Fame [23]
  • 2012 - Beacon of Change award at the Beacon Awards Banquet[24]
  • 2019 - Kennedy Center Honors [25][26]

Grammy Awards

[edit]
  • 2016 - Lifetime Achievement Award [3]
  • 2008 - GRAMMY Hall Of Fame, "Shining Star"
  • 2004 - NARAS Signature Governors Award
  • 1982 - Best R&B Performance By A Duo Or Group With Vocals, "Wanna Be With You"
  • 1979 - Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group Or Chorus, "After The Love Has Gone"
  • 1979 - Best R&B Instrumental Performance, "Boogie Wonderland"
  • 1978 - Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group Or Chorus, "All 'n All"
  • 1978 - Best R&B Instrumental Performance, "Runnin'"
  • 1975 - Best R&B Vocal Performance By A Duo, Group Or Chorus, "Shining Star"

American Music Awards

[edit]
  • 1976 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group - Soul/Rhythm & Blues [18]
  • 1977 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues
  • 1978 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues
  • 1980 - Favorite Band, Duo Or Group- Soul/Rhythm & Blues

Other awards

[edit]
  • 1994 - NAACP Hall Of Fame Image Award [18]
  • 2002 - BET Lifetime Achievement Award
  • 2002 - ASCAP Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award
  • 2002 - TV Land's Entertainer Award
  • 2002 - The Daniel L. Stephenson Humanitarian Award for Lifetime Achievement in Music
  • 2008 - Bass Player Lifetime Achievement Award
  • 2008 - Honorary Doctorates in the arts from Columbia College in Chicago [27]
  • 2016 - Induction into The Soul Music Hall of Fame.[28]
  • 2021 - Mayor John Hamilton proclaimed February 1, 2021, Verdine White and Shelly Clark day in Bloomington, Indiana.[29]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Verdine White | Biography, Albums, Streaming Links". AllMusic. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  2. ^ "The 50 Greatest Bassists of All Time". rollingstone.com. July 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
  3. ^ a b "Verdine White". GRAMMY.com. 23 November 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  4. ^ "Earth, Wind and Fire | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame". www.rockhall.com. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  5. ^ "Earth, Wind and Fire ― The Vocal Group Hall of Fame". www.vocalgroup.org. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  6. ^ "Larry Dunn". Allmusic.com.
  7. ^ "Maurice White". Allmusic.com.
  8. ^ "BASS PLAYER LIVE! Lifetime Achievement Award Recipients". Bass Player Magazine. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
  9. ^ "PHI BETA SIGMA GOES HOLLYWOOD". pbs1914.org. Archived from the original on 2011-12-17. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
  10. ^ "Verdine White". Rolling Stone Australia. 2 July 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  11. ^ a b "Verdine White | Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  12. ^ "The Verdine White Foundation". verdinewhite.org. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
  13. ^ "2007 Annual Report - Inspiring a Generation" (PDF). bgca.org. Retrieved 16 June 2009.[dead link]
  14. ^ "Alumni Hall of Fame". bgca.org. Archived from the original on 1 June 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
  15. ^ "Verdine White Performing Arts Center | The HistoryMakers". www.thehistorymakers.org. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  16. ^ Tuckman, Dave (24 October 2012). "Playing the Bass Guitar by Verdine White". Bass Musician Magazine, The Face of Bass. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  17. ^ "Black Music Month Remembers Monte White". Living Legends Foundation. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
  18. ^ a b c "The Official Earth, Wind & Fire Website". 20 February 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  19. ^ "Gold & Platinum". RIAA. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  20. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire". Hollywood Walk of Fame. 25 October 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  21. ^ "Earth, Wind and Fire | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame". www.rockhall.com. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  22. ^ "The Vocal Group Hall Of Fame | Earth, Wind and Fire". Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  23. ^ "Verdine White | Songwriters Hall of Fame". www.songhall.org. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  24. ^ "Don Newcombe to receive Major League Baseball's Beacon of Hope Award". MLB.com. 17 August 2012. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  25. ^ December 9, CBS News (9 December 2019). "Kennedy Center honorees Earth Wind & Fire on their "message of hope and love and respect"". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 10 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  26. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire Makes History By Becoming The First Black Group Inducted Into Kennedy Honors". NewsOne. 15 December 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  27. ^ Sauro, Tony. "Shining stars: Earth, Wind and Fire". recordnet.com. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  28. ^ "SoulMusic Hall Of Fame Inductees (Group)". SoulMusic. 8 January 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  29. ^ "Neal-Marshall Black Culture Center and City of Bloomington host online Black History Month panel". Indiana Daily Student. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
[edit]
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