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Coordinates: 43°54′59″N 69°49′21″W / 43.91639°N 69.82250°W / 43.91639; -69.82250
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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{short description|City in Maine, United States}}
{{short description|City in Maine, United States}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Bath, Maine
| name = Bath
|settlement_type = [[City]]
| settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname = City of Ships
| nickname = City of Ships
|motto =
| motto = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline = Bath City Hall, Maine, USA 4th of July Photo.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Bath City Hall
| image_flag = Flag of Bath, Maine.svg
| image_seal = Seal of Bath, Maine.jpg


<!-- Maps -->| image_map = Map of Maine highlighting Bath.png
<!-- Images -->
| mapsize = 250px
|image_skyline = Bath City Hall, Maine, USA 4th of July Photo.jpg
|imagesize =
| map_caption = Location of Bath in Maine
|image_caption = Bath City Hall
| image_map1 =
|image_flag = Flag of Bath, Maine.svg
| mapsize1 =
| map_caption1 = <!-- Location -->
|image_seal = Seal of Bath, Maine.jpg
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Maine}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Maine|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Sagadahoc County, Maine|Sagadahoc]]
| government_footnotes =
| government_type =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| established_title = Incorporated (town)
| established_date = February 17, 1781
| established_title1 = Incorporated (city)
| established_date1 = June 14, 1847


<!-- Maps -->
<!-- Area -->| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_23.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=April 8, 2022}}</ref>
|image_map = Map of Maine highlighting Bath.png
| area_magnitude =
|mapsize = 250px
| area_total_km2 = 34.23
|map_caption = Location of Bath in Maine
|image_map1 =
| area_land_km2 = 23.62
| area_water_km2 = 10.61
|mapsize1 =
| area_total_sq_mi = 13.22
|map_caption1 =
| area_land_sq_mi = 9.12
| area_water_sq_mi = 4.10


<!-- Population -->| population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
<!-- Location -->
| population_est =
| subdivision_type = Country
| pop_est_as_of =
|subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| population_footnotes =
|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| population_total = 8766
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Maine}}
| population_density_km2 = 371.10
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Maine|County]]
| population_density_sq_mi = 961.18
|subdivision_name2 = [[Sagadahoc County, Maine|Sagadahoc]]
|government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 =
|established_title = Incorporated (town)
|established_date = February 17, 1781
|established_title1 = Incorporated (city)
|established_date1 = June 14, 1847


<!-- General information -->| timezone = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref = Imperial
| utc_offset = &minus;5
| timezone_DST = EDT
|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_23.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=April 8, 2022}}</ref>
| utc_offset_DST = &minus;4
|area_magnitude =
| elevation_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 34.23
|area_land_km2 = 23.62
| elevation_m = 19
|area_water_km2 = 10.61
| elevation_ft = 62
| coordinates = {{coord|43|54|59|N|69|49|21|W|region:US-ME_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|area_total_sq_mi = 13.22
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
|area_land_sq_mi = 9.12
|area_water_sq_mi = 4.10
| postal_code = 04530
| area_code = [[Area code 207|207]]

| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
<!-- Population -->
| blank_info = 23-03355
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|population_est =
|pop_est_as_of =
| blank1_info = 0561723
| website = http://www.cityofbath.com/
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 8766
| footnotes =
| pop_est_footnotes =
|population_density_km2 = 371.10
|population_density_sq_mi = 961.18

<!-- General information -->
|timezone = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset = &minus;5
|timezone_DST = EDT
|utc_offset_DST = &minus;4
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 19
|elevation_ft = 62
|coordinates = {{coord|43|54|59|N|69|49|21|W|region:US-ME_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code = 04530
|area_code = [[Area code 207|207]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 23-03355
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0561723
|website = http://www.cityofbath.com/
|footnotes =
|pop_est_footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Bath''' is a city in [[Sagadahoc County, Maine|Sagadahoc County]], [[Maine]], in the United States. The population was 8,766 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2303355|title=Census - Geography Profile: Bath city, Maine|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 8, 2022}}</ref> It is the [[county seat]] of Sagadahoc County, which includes one city and 10 towns.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712220218/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=2012-07-12 }}</ref> The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century [[architecture]]. It is home to the [[Bath Iron Works]] and Heritage Days Festival, held annually on the [[Independence Day (United States)|Fourth of July]] weekend. It is commonly known as "The City of Ships" because of all the sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the [[metropolitan statistical area]] of [[Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area|Greater Portland]].
'''Bath''' is a city in [[Sagadahoc County, Maine]], United States. Bath is included in the Brunswick micropolitan. Bath has a 2024 population of 8,870. It is also the county seat of Sagadahoc County. Bath is currently growing at a rate of 0.29% annually and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712220218/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=2012-07-12 }}</ref> The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century [[architecture]]. It is home to the [[Bath Iron Works]] and Heritage Days Festival, held annually on the [[Independence Day (United States)|Fourth of July]] weekend. It is commonly known as "The City of Ships" because of all the sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the [[Portland–South_Portland–Biddeford_metropolitan_area|Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area]].


==History==
==History==
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The next settlement at Sagadahoc was about 1660, when the land was taken from an Indian [[Sagamore (title)|sagamore]] known as Robinhood.<ref name="Prins">{{cite book | last = Prins | first = Harald E. L.| chapter = Chief Rawandagon Alias Robin Hood: Native 'Lord of Misrule' in the Maine Wilderness |title=Northeastern Indian Lives, 1632-1816 | year=1996 |editor-first=Robert | editor-last=Grumet | publisher=University of Massachusetts Press| location=Amherst, Ma | pages = 93–115 }}</ref> Incorporated as part of [[Georgetown, Maine|Georgetown]] in 1753, Bath was set off and incorporated as a town on February 17, 1781. It was named by the [[postmaster]], Dummer Sewall, after [[Bath, England|Bath]] in [[Somerset]], [[England]]. In 1844, a portion of the town was set off to create [[West Bath, Maine|West Bath]]. On June 14, 1847, Bath was incorporated as a city, and in 1854 designated county seat. Land was [[Municipal annexation|annexed]] from West Bath in 1855.<ref name="Coolidge"/>
The next settlement at Sagadahoc was about 1660, when the land was taken from an Indian [[Sagamore (title)|sagamore]] known as Robinhood.<ref name="Prins">{{cite book | last = Prins | first = Harald E. L.| chapter = Chief Rawandagon Alias Robin Hood: Native 'Lord of Misrule' in the Maine Wilderness |title=Northeastern Indian Lives, 1632-1816 | year=1996 |editor-first=Robert | editor-last=Grumet | publisher=University of Massachusetts Press| location=Amherst, Ma | pages = 93–115 }}</ref> Incorporated as part of [[Georgetown, Maine|Georgetown]] in 1753, Bath was set off and incorporated as a town on February 17, 1781. It was named by the [[postmaster]], Dummer Sewall, after [[Bath, England|Bath]] in [[Somerset]], [[England]]. In 1844, a portion of the town was set off to create [[West Bath, Maine|West Bath]]. On June 14, 1847, Bath was incorporated as a city, and in 1854 designated county seat. Land was [[Municipal annexation|annexed]] from West Bath in 1855.<ref name="Coolidge"/>


Several industries developed in Bath, including [[lumber]], [[iron]], and [[brass]], with trade in [[ice]] and [[coal]]. The city and surrounding area is renowned for its shipbuilding and, at one point, was home to more than 200 shipbuilding firms. The industry began in 1743, when Jonathan Philbrook and his sons built two vessels. Since that time, roughly 5,000 vessels have been launched from Bath, which became the nation's fifth largest [[seaport]] by the mid-19th century. The [[clipper ship]]s built in Bath sailed to ports around the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://history.rays-place.com//me/bath.htm|title=Historical Sketch of Bath Maine|work=rays-place.com}}{{Dead link|date=August 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The last commercial enterprise to build [[wooden ships]] in the city was the Percy & Small Shipyard, which was acquired for preservation in 1971 by the [[Maine Maritime Museum]]. The most well-known [[shipyard]] is the [[Bath Iron Works]], which was founded in 1884 by [[Thomas W. Hyde]]. Hyde became the firm's general manager in 1888. It has built hundreds of wooden and steel vessels, mostly [[Naval ship|warships]] for the [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Prins"/> During [[World War II]], Bath Iron Works launched one new ship approximately every 17 days. The shipyard today is a major regional employer, and currently operates as a division of the [[General Dynamics Corporation]].
Several industries developed in Bath, including [[lumber]], [[iron]], and [[brass]], with trade in [[ice]] and [[coal]]. The city and surrounding area is renowned for its shipbuilding and, at one point, was home to more than 200 shipbuilding firms. The industry began in 1743, when Jonathan Philbrook and his sons built two vessels. Since that time, roughly 5,000 vessels have been launched from Bath, which became the nation's fifth largest [[seaport]] by the mid-19th century. The [[clipper ship]]s built in Bath sailed to ports around the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://history.rays-place.com//me/bath.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201034103/http://history.rays-place.com//me/bath.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 1, 2013|title=Historical Sketch of Bath Maine|work=rays-place.com}}</ref> The last commercial enterprise to build [[wooden ships]] in the city was the [[Percy & Small Shipyard]], whose [[schooner]] ''[[Wyoming (schooner)|Wyoming]]'' is considered the largest wooden ship in world history,<ref name="Guinness">{{cite web |title=Largest wooden sailing ship ever |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/725436-largest-wooden-sailing-ship-ever |website=Guinness World Records |access-date=6 September 2024}}</ref> and which was acquired for preservation in 1975 by the [[Maine Maritime Museum]].<ref name="Museum">{{cite web |title=Museum History |url=https://www.mainemaritimemuseum.org/history/ |website=Maine Maritime Museum |publisher=Maine Maritime Museum |access-date=7 September 2024}}</ref> The most well-known [[shipyard]] is the [[Bath Iron Works]], which was founded in 1884 by [[Thomas W. Hyde]]. Hyde became the firm's general manager in 1888. It has built hundreds of wooden and steel vessels, mostly [[Naval ship|warships]] for the [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]].<ref name="Prins"/> During [[World War II]], Bath Iron Works launched one new ship approximately every 17 days. The shipyard today is a major regional employer, and currently operates as a division of the [[General Dynamics Corporation]].


In the [[Bath, Maine, anti-Catholic riot of 1854]], an Irish Catholic church was burned.
In the [[Bath, Maine, anti-Catholic riot of 1854]], an Irish Catholic church was burned.
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Bath is located at {{coord|43|54|59|N|69|49|21|W|type:city}} (43.916293, −69.822565).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990|newspaper=Census.gov}}</ref>
Bath is located at {{coord|43|54|59|N|69|49|21|W|type:city}} (43.916293, −69.822565).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990|newspaper=Census.gov}}</ref>


According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|13.22|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|9.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|4.12|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref>
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|13.22|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|9.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|4.12|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref>


==Greenspace==
==Greenspace==
The city of Bath includes several nature preserves that are protected by the [[Kennebec Estuary Land Trust]]. These areas include, [[Thorne Head Preserve]] (located 2.1 miles north of Bath,) [[Butler Head Preserve]] (location 5.2 miles north of Bath,) there are also numerous multiple parks, and walking trails located throughout the town such as the [[Whiskeag Trail]].
The city of Bath includes several nature preserves that are protected by the [[Kennebec Estuary Land Trust]]. These areas include [[Thorne Head Preserve]] (located 2.1 miles north of Bath) and [[Butler Head Preserve]] (located 5.2 miles north of Bath). There are also numerous parks and walking trails located throughout the town, such as the [[Whiskeag Trail]].


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
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! align = center | 100%
! align = center | 100%
|}
|}

==Government==
{{see also|List of mayors of Bath, Maine}}


==Education==
==Education==
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** [[Fisher-Mitchell Elementary]], grades 3–5
** [[Fisher-Mitchell Elementary]], grades 3–5
** [[Bath Middle School]] – serves 430 students in grades 6–8 as of 2006. The school's mascot is ''the Destroyers'', a type of ship built by the Bath Iron Works. The school colors are blue and white.
** [[Bath Middle School]] – serves 430 students in grades 6–8 as of 2006. The school's mascot is ''the Destroyers'', a type of ship built by the Bath Iron Works. The school colors are blue and white.
** [[Morse High School (Maine)|Morse High School]] – The Morse High Shipbuilders (team). Sports include Cross Country, Football, Soccer, Cheerleading, Swimming, Basketball, Wrestling, Tennis, Indoor/Outdoor Track & Field, Lacrosse, Softball, and Baseball. Clubs include the International Club, Ambassadors Club, Debate Team, Math Team, and more. The school colors are blue and white. A [[Morse High School (Maine)#New building project|new school building]] was completed in 2020, with students moving in during February 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mhsathletics.blogs.rsu1.org/ |title=Morse High School Athletics |access-date=2016-10-27 |archive-date=2017-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118060846/http://mhsathletics.blogs.rsu1.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Morse High School (previously Bath High School), which was founded in 1891, is believed to have the oldest active High School Alumni Association<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsu1.org/Content2/456|title=Regional School Unit 1|last=Inc.|first=SchoolPointe|website=www.rsu1.org|language=en|access-date=2017-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202051907/http://www.rsu1.org/Content2/456|archive-date=2017-02-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> in the United States.[[File:Morse3.jpg|thumb|Morse High School]]
** [[Morse High School (Maine)|Morse High School]] – The Morse High Shipbuilders (team). Sports include Cross Country, Football, Soccer, Cheerleading, Swimming, Basketball, Wrestling, Tennis, Indoor/Outdoor Track & Field, Lacrosse, Softball, and Baseball. Clubs include the International Club, Ambassadors Club, Debate Team, Math Team, and more. The school colors are blue and white. A [[Morse High School (Maine)#New building project|new school building]] was completed in 2020, with students moving in during February 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mhsathletics.blogs.rsu1.org/ |title=Morse High School Athletics |access-date=2016-10-27 |archive-date=2017-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118060846/http://mhsathletics.blogs.rsu1.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Morse High School (previously Bath High School), which was founded in 1891, is believed to have the oldest active High School Alumni Association<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsu1.org/Content2/456|title=Regional School Unit 1|website=www.rsu1.org|language=en|access-date=2017-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202051907/http://www.rsu1.org/Content2/456|archive-date=2017-02-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> in the United States.[[File:Morse3.jpg|thumb|Morse High School]]
* [[Hyde School (Bath)|Hyde School]], a college [[University-preparatory school|preparatory school]] – serves 149 students in grades 9–12 as of 2012. The school's mascot is the wolfpack. The school colors are navy blue and gold.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.hyde.edu/about/ |title = Hyde School &#124; About}}</ref>
* [[Hyde School (Bath)|Hyde School]], a college [[University-preparatory school|preparatory school]] – serves 149 students in grades 9–12 as of 2012. The school's mascot is the wolfpack. The school colors are navy blue and gold.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.hyde.edu/about/ |title = Hyde School &#124; About}}</ref>


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==Climate==
==Climate==
Bath has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb'') with cold and snowy winters and mild summers. Precipitation is high the whole year, with a sizeable snow pack usually forming during winter months. Compared to inland areas, winters are not severe, although colder than areas right on the ocean. [[Diurnal temperature variation]] is strong throughout the year. In winter this means that highs around freezing with lows in the single-digit Fahrenheit range are common.
Bath has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb'') with cold and snowy winters and mild summers. Precipitation is high the whole year, with a sizeable snow pack usually forming during winter months. Compared to inland areas, winters are not severe, although colder than areas right on the ocean. [[Diurnal temperature variation]] is strong throughout the year. In winter this means that highs around freezing, while lows in the single-digit Fahrenheit range are common.


{{Weather box
{{Weather box
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|Sep record high F = 93
|Sep record high F = 93
|Oct record high F = 85
|Oct record high F = 85
|Nov record high F = 73
|Nov record high F = 76
|Dec record high F = 67
|Dec record high F = 67
|year record high F = 97
|year record high F = 97
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|Nov snow inch = 2.5
|Nov snow inch = 2.5
|Dec snow inch = 14.0
|Dec snow inch = 14.0
|year snow inch =
|year snow inch =


|unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch
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|Nov precipitation days = 11.1
|Nov precipitation days = 11.1
|Dec precipitation days = 13.0
|Dec precipitation days = 13.0
|year precipitation days =
|year precipitation days =


|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
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==Sites of interest==
==Sites of interest==
* [[Maine Maritime Museum]]
* [[Maine Maritime Museum]]
* [http://www.maineeasternrailroad.com/ Maine Eastern Railroad]
* [http://mfship.org/ Maine's First Ship]
* [http://www.chocolatechurcharts.org/ Chocolate Church Arts Center]
* [http://www.chocolatechurcharts.org/ Chocolate Church Arts Center]
* [http://www.studiotheatreofbath.com/ Studio Theatre of Bath]
* [http://www.studiotheatreofbath.com/ Studio Theatre of Bath]
* [http://www.bathskatepark.com/ Bath Skate Park]
* [http://www.bathskatepark.com/ Midcoast Youth Center]
* [http://bathband.org/ Bath Municipal Band]
* [http://bathband.org/ Bath Municipal Band]


Latest revision as of 20:25, 2 November 2024

Bath
City
Bath City Hall
Bath City Hall
Flag of Bath
Flag
Official seal of Bath
Seal
Nickname: 
City of Ships
Location of Bath in Maine
Location of Bath in Maine
Coordinates: 43°54′59″N 69°49′21″W / 43.91639°N 69.82250°W / 43.91639; -69.82250
Country United States
State Maine
CountySagadahoc
Incorporated (town)February 17, 1781
Incorporated (city)June 14, 1847
Area
[1]
 • Total13.22 sq mi (34.23 km2)
 • Land9.12 sq mi (23.62 km2)
 • Water4.10 sq mi (10.61 km2)
Elevation
62 ft (19 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total8,766
 • Density961.18/sq mi (371.10/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP code
04530
Area code207
FIPS code23-03355
GNIS feature ID0561723
Websitehttp://www.cityofbath.com/

Bath is a city in Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States. Bath is included in the Brunswick micropolitan. Bath has a 2024 population of 8,870. It is also the county seat of Sagadahoc County. Bath is currently growing at a rate of 0.29% annually and its population has increased by 1.21% since the most recent census, which recorded a population of 8,764 in 2020.[2] The city is popular with tourists, many drawn by its 19th-century architecture. It is home to the Bath Iron Works and Heritage Days Festival, held annually on the Fourth of July weekend. It is commonly known as "The City of Ships" because of all the sailing ships that were built in the Bath shipyards. Bath is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan statistical area.

History

[edit]
Street clock at Front and Centre Streets

Abenaki Indians called the area Sagadahoc, meaning "mouth of big river". It was a reference to the Kennebec River, which Samuel de Champlain explored in 1605. Popham Colony was established in 1607 downstream, together with Fort St George. The settlement failed due to harsh weather and lack of leadership, but the colonists built the New World's first oceangoing vessel constructed by English shipwrights, the Virginia of Sagadahoc. It provided passage back to England. Most of Bath, Maine, was settled by travelers from Bath, England.[3]

The next settlement at Sagadahoc was about 1660, when the land was taken from an Indian sagamore known as Robinhood.[4] Incorporated as part of Georgetown in 1753, Bath was set off and incorporated as a town on February 17, 1781. It was named by the postmaster, Dummer Sewall, after Bath in Somerset, England. In 1844, a portion of the town was set off to create West Bath. On June 14, 1847, Bath was incorporated as a city, and in 1854 designated county seat. Land was annexed from West Bath in 1855.[3]

Several industries developed in Bath, including lumber, iron, and brass, with trade in ice and coal. The city and surrounding area is renowned for its shipbuilding and, at one point, was home to more than 200 shipbuilding firms. The industry began in 1743, when Jonathan Philbrook and his sons built two vessels. Since that time, roughly 5,000 vessels have been launched from Bath, which became the nation's fifth largest seaport by the mid-19th century. The clipper ships built in Bath sailed to ports around the world.[5] The last commercial enterprise to build wooden ships in the city was the Percy & Small Shipyard, whose schooner Wyoming is considered the largest wooden ship in world history,[6] and which was acquired for preservation in 1975 by the Maine Maritime Museum.[7] The most well-known shipyard is the Bath Iron Works, which was founded in 1884 by Thomas W. Hyde. Hyde became the firm's general manager in 1888. It has built hundreds of wooden and steel vessels, mostly warships for the U.S. Navy.[4] During World War II, Bath Iron Works launched one new ship approximately every 17 days. The shipyard today is a major regional employer, and currently operates as a division of the General Dynamics Corporation.

In the Bath, Maine, anti-Catholic riot of 1854, an Irish Catholic church was burned.

The city is noted for its Federal, Greek Revival, and Italianate architecture, including the 1858 Custom House and Post Office designed by Ammi B. Young. Bath is a sister city to Shariki (now Tsugaru) in Japan, where the locally built full-rigged ship Cheseborough was wrecked in 1889. Scenes from the movies Message in a Bottle (1999) and The Man Without a Face (1993) were filmed in Bath.[8]

In 1915, Fred Cox, owner of Hallet's Drug Store on Front Street, purchased the street clock standing at the corner of Front and Centre Streets from Boston, where it was built by Seth Thomas Clock Company four years earlier. It was moved from 70 Front Street to its current location in 1966, having been purchased by Harry Crooker. His family later donated it to the city, with the proviso that it be maintained and kept in a continuously operating condition, else it be returned to the family. The clock was restored in 2000.[9] Crooker established local construction company in 1935. It was sold in 2014, after 79 years of family ownership.[10]


  • Waterfront in 1907
    Waterfront in 1907
  • Front Street c. 1920
    Front Street c. 1920
  • Custom House c. 1905
    Custom House c. 1905

Geography

[edit]

Bath is located at 43°54′59″N 69°49′21″W / 43.91639°N 69.82250°W / 43.91639; -69.82250 (43.916293, −69.822565).[11]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.22 square miles (34.24 km2), of which 9.10 square miles (23.57 km2) is land and 4.12 square miles (10.67 km2) is water.[12]

Greenspace

[edit]

The city of Bath includes several nature preserves that are protected by the Kennebec Estuary Land Trust. These areas include Thorne Head Preserve (located 2.1 miles north of Bath) and Butler Head Preserve (located 5.2 miles north of Bath). There are also numerous parks and walking trails located throughout the town, such as the Whiskeag Trail.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1790949—
18001,22529.1%
18102,491103.3%
18203,02621.5%
18303,77324.7%
18405,14136.3%
18508,02056.0%
18608,0760.7%
18707,371−8.7%
18807,8746.8%
18908,72310.8%
190010,47720.1%
19109,396−10.3%
192014,73156.8%
19309,110−38.2%
194010,23512.3%
195010,6444.0%
196010,7170.7%
19709,679−9.7%
198010,2465.9%
19909,799−4.4%
20009,266−5.4%
20108,514−8.1%
20208,7663.0%
sources:[13]

2010 census

[edit]

As of the census[14] of 2010, there were 8,514 people, 3,932 households, and 2,172 families living in the city. The population density was 935.6 inhabitants per square mile (361.2/km2). There were 4,437 housing units at an average density of 487.6 per square mile (188.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.1% White, 1.2% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 3,932 households, of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.5% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.8% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.79.

The median age in the city was 41 years. 22.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 16.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.7% male and 53.3% female.

2000 census

[edit]

As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 9,266 people, 4,042 households, and 2,344 families living in the city. The population density was 1,016.8 inhabitants per square mile (392.6/km2). There were 4,383 housing units at an average density of 481.0 per square mile (185.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 94.92% White, 1.60% Black or African American, 0.58% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 0.68% from other races, and 1.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.76% of the population.

There were 4,042 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.0% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.

The median household income in the city was $36,372, and the median family income was $45,830. Males had a median income of $35,064 versus $22,439 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,112. About 9.3% of families and 11.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

2013 Voter registration

Maine requires voters to register with a party to vote in primaries, also called a closed primary. However, voters are not required to register with a party to vote for their primary winners in the general election.

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of August 30, 2013[16]
Party Total Voters Percentage
Unenrolled 2,425 36.93%
Democratic 2,275 34.64%
Republican 1,614 24.85%
Green Independent 252 3.83%
Total 6,566 100%

Government

[edit]
See also: List of mayors of Bath, Maine

Education

[edit]
Erudition Schoolhouse (1794) in 1911
  • RSU 1
    • Dike-Newell Elementary, grades K–2
    • Fisher-Mitchell Elementary, grades 3–5
    • Bath Middle School – serves 430 students in grades 6–8 as of 2006. The school's mascot is the Destroyers, a type of ship built by the Bath Iron Works. The school colors are blue and white.
    • Morse High School – The Morse High Shipbuilders (team). Sports include Cross Country, Football, Soccer, Cheerleading, Swimming, Basketball, Wrestling, Tennis, Indoor/Outdoor Track & Field, Lacrosse, Softball, and Baseball. Clubs include the International Club, Ambassadors Club, Debate Team, Math Team, and more. The school colors are blue and white. A new school building was completed in 2020, with students moving in during February 2021.[17] Morse High School (previously Bath High School), which was founded in 1891, is believed to have the oldest active High School Alumni Association[18] in the United States.
      Morse High School
  • Hyde School, a college preparatory school – serves 149 students in grades 9–12 as of 2012. The school's mascot is the wolfpack. The school colors are navy blue and gold.[19]

Library

[edit]

Notable people

[edit]
Main article: List of people from Bath, Maine

Sister city relations

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

Bath has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with cold and snowy winters and mild summers. Precipitation is high the whole year, with a sizeable snow pack usually forming during winter months. Compared to inland areas, winters are not severe, although colder than areas right on the ocean. Diurnal temperature variation is strong throughout the year. In winter this means that highs around freezing, while lows in the single-digit Fahrenheit range are common.

Climate data for Bath, Maine, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 2000–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 59
(15) 		65
(18) 		79
(26) 		81
(27) 		92
(33) 		95
(35) 		97
(36) 		96
(36) 		93
(34) 		85
(29) 		76
(24) 		67
(19) 		97
(36)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 52.3
(11.3) 		50.6
(10.3) 		59.4
(15.2) 		70.1
(21.2) 		84.2
(29.0) 		86.8
(30.4) 		89.7
(32.1) 		87.7
(30.9) 		85.0
(29.4) 		74.1
(23.4) 		64.1
(17.8) 		55.5
(13.1) 		91.9
(33.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 31.1
(−0.5) 		33.5
(0.8) 		40.8
(4.9) 		52.5
(11.4) 		63.1
(17.3) 		72.3
(22.4) 		78.6
(25.9) 		78.3
(25.7) 		70.5
(21.4) 		58.6
(14.8) 		46.8
(8.2) 		36.5
(2.5) 		55.2
(12.9)
Daily mean °F (°C) 20.7
(−6.3) 		21.5
(−5.8) 		30.6
(−0.8) 		41.8
(5.4) 		52.0
(11.1) 		61.7
(16.5) 		68.0
(20.0) 		66.9
(19.4) 		59.3
(15.2) 		48.0
(8.9) 		37.2
(2.9) 		27.1
(−2.7) 		44.6
(7.0)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 10.3
(−12.1) 		9.6
(−12.4) 		20.4
(−6.4) 		31.0
(−0.6) 		40.9
(4.9) 		51.0
(10.6) 		57.4
(14.1) 		55.5
(13.1) 		48.2
(9.0) 		37.5
(3.1) 		27.6
(−2.4) 		17.7
(−7.9) 		33.9
(1.1)
Mean minimum °F (°C) −9.5
(−23.1) 		−7.4
(−21.9) 		0.9
(−17.3) 		20.5
(−6.4) 		29.9
(−1.2) 		40.7
(4.8) 		48.6
(9.2) 		45.4
(7.4) 		34.2
(1.2) 		25.4
(−3.7) 		14.5
(−9.7) 		0.8
(−17.3) 		−13.5
(−25.3)
Record low °F (°C) −23
(−31) 		−22
(−30) 		−12
(−24) 		15
(−9) 		25
(−4) 		33
(1) 		43
(6) 		39
(4) 		29
(−2) 		18
(−8) 		5
(−15) 		−19
(−28) 		−23
(−31)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.74
(95) 		3.58
(91) 		4.16
(106) 		4.31
(109) 		3.56
(90) 		4.42
(112) 		3.14
(80) 		3.26
(83) 		3.92
(100) 		5.25
(133) 		4.52
(115) 		4.59
(117) 		48.45
(1,231)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 20.0
(51) 		18.8
(48) 		13.4
(34) 		3.0
(7.6) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.25) 		2.5
(6.4) 		14.0
(36) 		71.8
(183.25)
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 14.5
(37) 		16.7
(42) 		12.6
(32) 		3.1
(7.9) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.25) 		2.0
(5.1) 		8.9
(23) 		20.0
(51)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 12.2 10.1 11.3 11.5 12.6 11.7 11.2 9.5 9.5 11.4 11.1 13.0 135.1
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 8.1 6.4 4.8 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.5 5.9 28.1
Source 1: NOAA[21]
Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima, snow depth 2006–2020)[22]

Sites of interest

[edit]
Panoramic view of Sagadahoc Bridge, Bath, Maine, USA 2012
Panoramic view of Sagadahoc Bridge with the old train and elevated road bridge behind it during the Heritage Days festival, Bath, Maine, USA 2012
  • Washington Street in 1914
    Washington Street in 1914
  • Library Park in 1917
    Library Park in 1917
  • Old City Hall in 1909
    Old City Hall in 1909

Cemeteries

[edit]
Oak Grove Cemetery and, across the street, Maple Grove Cemetery

Bath has twenty known cemeteries.[23] This is a relatively small number compared to neighboring communities (Phippsburg, for example, has over one hundred),[23] because, from the early 1900s, Bath was densely populated, which left less room for family cemeteries.[23]

The city maintains its "big three" cemeteries: Oak Grove, Maple Grove and Calvary.[23] It also manages four smaller burials grounds: Dummer Sewall (Dummer and Beacon streets), David Trufant (claimed by author Parker McCobb Reed in 1894 to be the oldest burying ground in Bath;[24] Spring and Middle streets), Pettingill (Riverview Road) and Fairview (on Fairview Lane).[23] Only Pettengill has pieces of stones remaining, including that of a Revolutionary War veteran.[23]

Graveyards not managed by the city, which tend to be old family plots, include Harrison (Stoney Island Road), Crawford (North Bath Road), Roberts-Edgecomb (North Bath Road), Edgecomb (North Bath Road), Purington (North Bath and Whiskeag roads), Ham (Ridge and Whiskeag roads), Ward (Bayshore Road) and the "Irish" ground (Varney Mill Road).[23]

The Whittam (or Witham) graveyard (Bayshore Road) and Wise-Welch (North Bath Road), which includes Bath's oldest documented burial in 1749, were identified in the 1970s, but are not found today.[23]

Those found in sources, yet have no burials or exact locations identified, are South Street (possibly South and Washington streets), Marshall (Washington and Marshall streets), the "Turnpike" ground (likely in West Bath), and Marr's Hill (in the area of Corliss and Washington streets).[23]

There is also a Ward Cemetery.[23]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Coolidge, Austin J.; John B. Mansfield (1859). A History and Description of New England. Boston, Massachusetts: A.J. Coolidge. pp. 48–50. coolidge mansfield history description new england 1859.
  4. ^ a b Prins, Harald E. L. (1996). "Chief Rawandagon Alias Robin Hood: Native 'Lord of Misrule' in the Maine Wilderness". In Grumet, Robert (ed.). Northeastern Indian Lives, 1632-1816. Amherst, Ma: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. 93–115.
  5. ^ "Historical Sketch of Bath Maine". rays-place.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013.
  6. ^ "Largest wooden sailing ship ever". Guinness World Records. Retrieved September 6, 2024.
  7. ^ "Museum History". Maine Maritime Museum. Maine Maritime Museum. Retrieved September 7, 2024.
  8. ^ "Bath, Sagadahoc County, Maine". rootsweb.com.
  9. ^ Bath Street Clock – Historical Marker Database
  10. ^ "Harry C. Crooker & Sons sold" – The Times Record, October 15, 2014
  11. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  12. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 25, 2012. Retrieved November 23, 2012.
  13. ^ "Maine Census Data Population Totals: Sagadahoc County". Fogler Library. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011.
  14. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 23, 2012.
  15. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  16. ^ "REGISTERED & ENROLLED VOTERS - STATEWIDE" (PDF). August 30, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
  17. ^ "Morse High School Athletics". Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  18. ^ "Regional School Unit 1". www.rsu1.org. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
  19. ^ "Hyde School | About".
  20. ^ "Bath-Tsugaru Student Exchange Program". Archived from the original on November 21, 2022. Retrieved November 21, 2022.
  21. ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Bath, ME". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  22. ^ "NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Gray/Portland". National Weather Service. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Grave matters: Digging into Bath’s ancient cemeteries" - Portland Press Herald, January 28, 2019
  24. ^ History of Bath and Environs, Sagadahoc County, Maine: 1607-1894, Parker McCobb Reed (1894)

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bath, Maine.
Wikisource has the text of The New Student's Reference Work article "Bath, Me.".
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