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Coordinates: 24°12′0″N 97°43′0″E / 24.20000°N 97.71667°E / 24.20000; 97.71667
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{{Short description|Town in Kachin State, Myanmar}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|native_name = {{my|လွယ်ဂျယ်မြို့}}
|native_name = {{my|လွယ်ဂျယ်မြို့}}
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|map_caption =
|map_caption =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{Flag|Burma}}
|subdivision_name = {{Flag|Myanmar}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Burma|Division]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Burma|Division]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Kachin State]]
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Kachin State}}
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Burma|District]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Burma|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Bhamo District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Bhamo District]]
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|population_blank2_title = Religions
|population_blank2_title = Religions
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_km2 = auto
|coordinates = {{coord|24|12|0|N|97|43|0|E|region:MM|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|coordinates_region = MM
|latNS = N
|latd = 24
|latm = 12
|lats = 0
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_title = Mayor
|longEW = E
|longd = 97
|longm = 43
|longs = 0
|elevation_ft =
|elevation_ft =
|elevation_m =
|elevation_m =
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}}
}}


'''Lweje''' ({{lang-my|လွယ်ဂျယ်မြို့}}; also spelt '''Loije''') is a town in [[Kachin State]] in north-eastern [[Burma]] near the border with [[Longchuan County, Yunnan|Longchuan County]], [[Yunnan Province]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]. It is one of the 10 [[border trade]] points with 4 neighbouring countries opened in 2002 by the [[State Peace and Development Council|military regime]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2002-07/21/content_490914.htm|title=Myanmar opens 10 border trade points|publisher=''[[Xinhua News Agency]]'', 2002-07-21|accessdate=2009-01-06}}</ref>
'''Lweje''' ({{langx|my|လွယ်ဂျယ်မြို့}}; also spelt '''Loije''', {{Zh|c=雷基|p=Léijī}}) is a town in [[Kachin State]] in northeastern [[Burma]], across the [[China-Myanmar border]] from {{Ill|Zhangfeng|lt=|zh|章鳳鎮}}, in [[Longchuan County, Yunnan|Longchuan County]], [[Yunnan Province]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]. It is one of five official [[border trade]] posts with China.

==History==
The [[Kachin Independence Army]] captured Sein Lon Taung strategy hill of Military Council near Lweje, Moe Mauk Township on April 1 - 2024.
After the occupation of the military's Sein Long Mountain base, Banmaw-Lweje road and Lweje town surrounding area became military council-free zone and KIA-led allied forces have complete control of Lweje town and the border gate.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 April 2024 |title=KIA takes control of Lwegel Town on Chinese border |url=https://eng.mizzima.com/2024/04/04/8656 |website=Mizzima}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
Border trade in the region has tripled since the upgrading of the dirt road connecting Lweje with [[Momauk]], a distance of {{convert|76|km|mi|abbr=on}}, to a gravel road with Chinese assistance, was completed in December 2006. It has cut the journey time from [[Bhamo]] on the [[Ayeyarwady River]] to the border from nearly 10 hours to about 3 hours.<ref name=mt>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmtimes.com/no380/b005.htm|author=Aye Lei Tun|title=Trade triples through Bhamo|publisher=''[[Myanmar Times]]'', August 20–26, 2007|accessdate=2009-01-05}}</ref>
Border trade in the region has tripled since the upgrading of the dirt road connecting Lweje with [[Momauk]], a distance of {{convert|76|km|mi|abbr=on}}, to a gravel road with Chinese assistance, was completed in December 2006. It has cut the journey time from [[Bhamo]] on the [[Ayeyarwady River]] to the border from nearly 10 hours to about 3 hours.<ref name=mt>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmtimes.com/no380/b005.htm |author=Aye Lei Tun |title=Trade triples through Bhamo |publisher=[[Myanmar Times]], August 20–26, 2007 |access-date=2009-01-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215122027/http://www.mmtimes.com/no380/b005.htm |archive-date=2012-02-15 }}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
The Lwezje border trade post with China opened on 23 August 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Border Trade Posts |url=https://www.commerce.gov.mm/en/content/border-trade-posts |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=Ministry of Commerce}}</ref> In 2022, total trade volume at the border post stood at {{US$|122.76 million}}.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2023-02-24 |title=Border Trade Data |url=https://www.commerce.gov.mm/en/dobt/border-trade-data |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=Ministry of Commerce}}</ref>
⚫
Exports to China include fruit, beans, rice and onions, while [[electronics]], [[textiles]] and foodstuffs are imported. The volume of trade however is much smaller compared with [[Muse (Shan State)|Muse]] in [[Shan State]] where up to 75% of exports to Yunnan passes through to [[Ruili]] across the [[Shweli River]].<ref name=mt/>

⚫
Exports to China include fruit, beans, rice and onions, while [[electronics]], [[textiles]] and foodstuffs are imported. The volume of trade however is much smaller compared with [[Muse (Shan State)|Muse]] in [[Shan State]] where up to 75% of exports to Yunnan passes through to [[Ruili]] across the [[Shweli River]].<ref name="mt" />


After the then ruling [[SLORC|military regime]] negotiated [[ceasefire]] agreements with the [[United Wa State Army]] (UWSA) and the [[New Democratic Army - Kachin]] (NDA-K) in 1989, and with the [[Kachin Independence Organization]] (KIO) in 1994, a boom in the [[timber]] trade with China followed. Earlier [[logging]] concessions granted to [[Thailand|Thai]] companies were cancelled in 1993 due to economic loss from violation of terms and over-logging with [[ecological devastation]].<ref name=FT>{{Cite web|url=http://www.forest-trends.org/documents/publications/Kahrl_Navigating%20the%20Border_final.pdf|author1=Fredrich Kahrl |author2=Horst Weyerhaeuser |author3=Su Yufang |title=Navigating the Border: An Analysis of the China-Myanmar Timber Trade|publisher=''Forest Trends''|accessdate=2009-01-07}}</ref>
After the then ruling [[SLORC|military regime]] negotiated [[ceasefire]] agreements with the [[United Wa State Army]] (UWSA) and the [[New Democratic Army - Kachin]] (NDA-K) in 1989, and with the [[Kachin Independence Organization]] (KIO) in 1994, a boom in the [[timber]] trade with China followed. Earlier [[logging]] concessions granted to [[Thailand|Thai]] companies were cancelled in 1993 due to economic loss from violation of terms and over-logging with [[ecological devastation]].<ref name=FT>{{Cite web|url=http://www.forest-trends.org/documents/publications/Kahrl_Navigating%20the%20Border_final.pdf|author1=Fredrich Kahrl|author2=Horst Weyerhaeuser|author3=Su Yufang|title=Navigating the Border: An Analysis of the China-Myanmar Timber Trade|publisher=Forest Trends|access-date=2009-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080707031625/http://www.forest-trends.org/documents/publications/Kahrl_Navigating%20the%20Border_final.pdf|archive-date=2008-07-07|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Northern Kachin State became the area for most of the logging activity mainly by Chinese companies employing Chinese labour, and Lweje, along with [[Laiza]], one of the [[border checkpoint|checkpoint]]s on the border. KIO logging activities also increased dramatically when after the cease-fire deal it lost control of the [[Hpakant]] [[jade]] [[Mining|mines]] and the revenue they had generated. From 1997 to 2002, 88% of China's timber exports from Burma was shipped overland to Yunnan, 75% of this from Kachin State.<ref name=FT/>
Northern Kachin State became the area for most of the logging activity mainly by Chinese companies employing Chinese labour, and Lweje, along with [[Laiza]], one of the [[border checkpoint|checkpoint]]s on the border. KIO logging activities also increased dramatically when after the cease-fire deal it lost control of the [[Hpakant]] [[jade]] [[Mining|mines]] and the revenue they had generated. From 1997 to 2002, 88% of China's timber exports from Burma was shipped overland to Yunnan, 75% of this from Kachin State.<ref name=FT/>


There are believed to exist large deposits of [[coal]] in the Lweje area.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.energy.gov.mm/coalsubsector.htm|title=Location of Major Coal Deposits of Myanmar|publisher=Ministry of Energy|accessdate=2009-01-05}}</ref>
There are believed to exist large deposits of [[coal]] in the Lweje area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.energy.gov.mm/coalsubsector.htm|title=Location of Major Coal Deposits of Myanmar|publisher=Ministry of Energy|access-date=2009-01-05|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20080531062743/http://www.energy.gov.mm/coalsubsector.htm|archive-date=2008-05-31}}</ref>


==Crime==
==Crime==
[[Human trafficking]] of women into China is a problem the two countries are trying to tackle and anti-trafficking offices were opened on 22 December 2008 in both Lweje and Jiang Phong.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kachinnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=681:china-and-burma-jointly-open-anti-trafficking-offices-on-border&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=50|title=China and Burma jointly open anti-trafficking offices on border|publisher=''KachinNews.com'', 22 December 2008 |accessdate=2009-01-05}}</ref>
[[Human trafficking]] of women into China is a problem the two countries are trying to tackle and anti-trafficking offices were opened on 22 December 2008 in both Lweje and Jiang Phong.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kachinnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=681:china-and-burma-jointly-open-anti-trafficking-offices-on-border&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=50|title=China and Burma jointly open anti-trafficking offices on border|publisher=KachinNews.com, 22 December 2008 |access-date=2009-01-05}}</ref>


==Religion==
==Religion==
During September–October 2007 at the time of the [[Saffron Revolution]], [[Buddhist]] [[monasteries]] were surrounded and locked down at Lweje by the military as in many other parts of the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scribd.com/doc/6874669/BulletsInTheAlmsBowl|title=Bullets in the Alms Bowl|publisher=[[NCGUB]], March 2008|accessdate=2009-01-07}}</ref>
During September–October 2007 at the time of the [[Saffron Revolution]], [[Buddhist]] [[Kyaung|monasteries]] were surrounded and locked down at Lweje by the military as in many other parts of the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/6874669/BulletsInTheAlmsBowl|title=Bullets in the Alms Bowl|publisher=[[NCGUB]], March 2008|access-date=2009-01-07}}</ref>


[[Centenary]] celebrations of the [[American Baptist Churches USA|American Baptist]] [[missionary|Mission]] were held for 3 days at Lweje at the end of December 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kachinnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=685:kachins-hold-centenary-celebrations-on-american-baptist-mission&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=50|title=Kachins hold centenary celebrations on American Baptist mission |publisher=''KachinNews.com'', 30 December 2008 |accessdate=2009-01-05}}</ref>
[[Centenary]] celebrations of the [[American Baptist Churches USA|American Baptist]] [[missionary|Mission]] were held for 3 days at Lweje at the end of December 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kachinnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=685:kachins-hold-centenary-celebrations-on-american-baptist-mission&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=50|title=Kachins hold centenary celebrations on American Baptist mission |publisher=KachinNews.com, 30 December 2008 |access-date=2009-01-05}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
Line 70: Line 68:
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.maplandia.com/burma/kachin/mansi/lweje/ Satellite map at Maplandia.com]
*[http://www.maplandia.com/burma/kachin/mansi/lweje/ Satellite map at Maplandia.com]
*[http://www.mizzima.com/news/inside-burma/1127-nine-trucks-carrying-contraband-seized-on-sino-burma-border.html Nine trucks carrying contraband seized on Sino-Burma border] ''[[Mizzima News]]'', 9 October 2008
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090204011502/http://mizzima.com/news/inside-burma/1127-nine-trucks-carrying-contraband-seized-on-sino-burma-border.html Nine trucks carrying contraband seized on Sino-Burma border] ''[[Mizzima News]]'', 9 October 2008


{{Kachin State}}
{{Kachin State}}

Latest revision as of 17:42, 5 November 2024

Lweje
‹See Tfd›လွယ်ဂျယ်မြို့
The boundary stone at Lweje
The boundary stone at Lweje
Lweje is located in Myanmar
Lweje
Lweje
Location in Burma
Coordinates: 24°12′0″N 97°43′0″E / 24.20000°N 97.71667°E / 24.20000; 97.71667
Country Myanmar
Division Kachin State
DistrictBhamo District
TownshipMomauk Township
Population
 (2005)
 • Religions
Christianity Buddhism
Time zoneUTC+6.30 (MST)

Lweje (Burmese: လွယ်ဂျယ်မြို့; also spelt Loije, Chinese: 雷基; pinyin: Léijī) is a town in Kachin State in northeastern Burma, across the China-Myanmar border from Zhangfeng [zh], in Longchuan County, Yunnan Province, China. It is one of five official border trade posts with China.

History

[edit]

The Kachin Independence Army captured Sein Lon Taung strategy hill of Military Council near Lweje, Moe Mauk Township on April 1 - 2024. After the occupation of the military's Sein Long Mountain base, Banmaw-Lweje road and Lweje town surrounding area became military council-free zone and KIA-led allied forces have complete control of Lweje town and the border gate.[1]

Transport

[edit]

Border trade in the region has tripled since the upgrading of the dirt road connecting Lweje with Momauk, a distance of 76 km (47 mi), to a gravel road with Chinese assistance, was completed in December 2006. It has cut the journey time from Bhamo on the Ayeyarwady River to the border from nearly 10 hours to about 3 hours.[2]

Economy

[edit]

The Lwezje border trade post with China opened on 23 August 1998.[3] In 2022, total trade volume at the border post stood at US$122.76 million.[4]

Exports to China include fruit, beans, rice and onions, while electronics, textiles and foodstuffs are imported. The volume of trade however is much smaller compared with Muse in Shan State where up to 75% of exports to Yunnan passes through to Ruili across the Shweli River.[2]

After the then ruling military regime negotiated ceasefire agreements with the United Wa State Army (UWSA) and the New Democratic Army - Kachin (NDA-K) in 1989, and with the Kachin Independence Organization (KIO) in 1994, a boom in the timber trade with China followed. Earlier logging concessions granted to Thai companies were cancelled in 1993 due to economic loss from violation of terms and over-logging with ecological devastation.[5]

Northern Kachin State became the area for most of the logging activity mainly by Chinese companies employing Chinese labour, and Lweje, along with Laiza, one of the checkpoints on the border. KIO logging activities also increased dramatically when after the cease-fire deal it lost control of the Hpakant jade mines and the revenue they had generated. From 1997 to 2002, 88% of China's timber exports from Burma was shipped overland to Yunnan, 75% of this from Kachin State.[5]

There are believed to exist large deposits of coal in the Lweje area.[6]

Crime

[edit]

Human trafficking of women into China is a problem the two countries are trying to tackle and anti-trafficking offices were opened on 22 December 2008 in both Lweje and Jiang Phong.[7]

Religion

[edit]

During September–October 2007 at the time of the Saffron Revolution, Buddhist monasteries were surrounded and locked down at Lweje by the military as in many other parts of the country.[8]

Centenary celebrations of the American Baptist Mission were held for 3 days at Lweje at the end of December 2008.[9]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "KIA takes control of Lwegel Town on Chinese border". Mizzima. 4 April 2024.
  2. ^ a b Aye Lei Tun. "Trade triples through Bhamo". Myanmar Times, August 20–26, 2007. Archived from the original on 2012-02-15. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
  3. ^ "Border Trade Posts". Ministry of Commerce. Retrieved 2023-03-05.
  4. ^ "Border Trade Data". Ministry of Commerce. 2023-02-24. Retrieved 2023-03-05.
  5. ^ a b Fredrich Kahrl; Horst Weyerhaeuser; Su Yufang. "Navigating the Border: An Analysis of the China-Myanmar Timber Trade" (PDF). Forest Trends. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-07-07. Retrieved 2009-01-07.
  6. ^ "Location of Major Coal Deposits of Myanmar". Ministry of Energy. Archived from the original on 2008-05-31. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
  7. ^ "China and Burma jointly open anti-trafficking offices on border". KachinNews.com, 22 December 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
  8. ^ "Bullets in the Alms Bowl". NCGUB, March 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-07.
  9. ^ "Kachins hold centenary celebrations on American Baptist mission". KachinNews.com, 30 December 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
[edit]
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