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In 2015, [[Sahara Reporters]] reported that Joshua has secretly purchased a [[Gulfstream G550]] jet through a [[Bank of Utah]] trustee.<ref>{{cite web|title = Synagogue Pastor TB Joshua Secretly Purchases $60 Million Gulfstream G550 Private Jet|url = https://saharareporters.com/2015/09/14/synagogue-pastor-tb-joshua-secretly-purchases-60-million-gulfstream-g550-private-jet|website = Sahara Reporters|date = 14 September 2015|access-date = 5 January 2016|archive-date = 11 January 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160111003913/http://saharareporters.com/2015/09/14/synagogue-pastor-tb-joshua-secretly-purchases-60-million-gulfstream-g550-private-jet|url-status = live}}</ref> A Joshua aide denied the report.<ref>{{Cite news| title = Rumors Of T.B Joshua's Purchase Of $60m Private Jet Baseless, False – Aide| url = https://www.informationng.com/2015/09/rumors-of-t-b-joshuas-purchase-of-60m-private-jet-baseless-false-aide.html| date = 28 October 2015| access-date = 29 September 2015| archive-date = 8 January 2024| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240108155918/https://www.informationng.com/2015/09/rumors-of-t-b-joshuas-purchase-of-60m-private-jet-baseless-false-aide.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
In 2015, [[Sahara Reporters]] reported that Joshua has secretly purchased a [[Gulfstream G550]] jet through a [[Bank of Utah]] trustee.<ref>{{cite web|title = Synagogue Pastor TB Joshua Secretly Purchases $60 Million Gulfstream G550 Private Jet|url = https://saharareporters.com/2015/09/14/synagogue-pastor-tb-joshua-secretly-purchases-60-million-gulfstream-g550-private-jet|website = Sahara Reporters|date = 14 September 2015|access-date = 5 January 2016|archive-date = 11 January 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160111003913/http://saharareporters.com/2015/09/14/synagogue-pastor-tb-joshua-secretly-purchases-60-million-gulfstream-g550-private-jet|url-status = live}}</ref> A Joshua aide denied the report.<ref>{{Cite news| title = Rumors Of T.B Joshua's Purchase Of $60m Private Jet Baseless, False – Aide| url = https://www.informationng.com/2015/09/rumors-of-t-b-joshuas-purchase-of-60m-private-jet-baseless-false-aide.html| date = 28 October 2015| access-date = 29 September 2015| archive-date = 8 January 2024| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240108155918/https://www.informationng.com/2015/09/rumors-of-t-b-joshuas-purchase-of-60m-private-jet-baseless-false-aide.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

Nigeria's ''[[Premium Times]]'' newspaper stated that Joshua formed a company called Chillon Consultancy Limited, [[British Virgin Islands company law|incorporated in the British Virgin Islands]] in June 2006, based on reports stemming from the [[Panama Papers]] leak. Joshua denied offshore activity, posting on Facebook, "I am not a businessman and have no business whatsoever. What God has given me is more than enough."<ref>{{Cite news | first = Conor | last = Gaffey | title = Panama Papers: Nigerian Preacher TB Joshua Denies Offshore Activity | url = https://www.newsweek.com/panama-papers-nigerian-preacher-tb-joshua-denies-offshore-activity-447276 | work = Newsweek | date = 13 April 2016 | access-date = 9 November 2017 | archive-date = 10 November 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171110114721/http://www.newsweek.com/panama-papers-nigerian-preacher-tb-joshua-denies-offshore-activity-447276 | url-status = live }}</ref>


==Criticism and controversy==
==Criticism and controversy==

Revision as of 20:14, 8 January 2024

T. B. Joshua
File:Presidente Danilo Medina recibe al profeta nigeriano T.B Joshua (cropped).jpg
Joshua in 2017
Born
Temitope Balogun Joshua

(1963-06-12)12 June 1963
Arigidi Akoko, Nigeria
Died5 June 2021(2021-06-05) (aged 57)[1]
Lagos, Nigeria
Occupations
SpouseEvelyn Joshua
Children3
WebsiteThe Synagogue, Church Of All Nations, Emmanuel TV

Temitope Balogun Joshua (12 June 1963 – 5 June 2021), popularly known as T. B. Joshua, was a Nigerian charismatic pastor and televangelist. He was the leader and founder of Synagogue Church of All Nations (SCOAN),[2] a Christian megachurch that runs the Emmanuel TV television station from Lagos, Nigeria.

Joshua was widely known across Africa and Latin America[3][4] and had a large social media presence with over six million fans on Facebook.[5] His YouTube channel, Emmanuel TV, had over one million subscribers and was the most-viewed Christian ministry on the platform[6] before the channel was suspended by YouTube in 2021 for alleged homophobic hate speech. Joshua was described by media outlets as the "Oprah of Evangelism"[7] and "YouTube's most popular pastor".[8]

Joshua was awarded various accolades, notably receiving the Officer of the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR) by the Nigerian government in 2008[9] and being voted the Yoruba man of the decade by Pan-Yoruba media outlet Irohin-Odua.[10] He was called one of Africa's 50 most influential people by Pan-African magazines The Africa Report and New African Magazine.[11][12] By 2011, according to Forbes, Joshua was Nigeria's third-richest pastor,[13] although the claim was immediately denied in a statement by the church.[14] He was a controversial figure, and was officially blacklisted by the government of Cameroon in 2010.[15][16][17]

Joshua died on 5 June 2021 after one of his evening services in Lagos, Nigeria, just one week prior to his 58th birthday.[18][19] In 2024, he was accused, in a BBC investigation, of raping, torturing, and abusing followers over a period of almost 20 years. Accusations included instances of child abuse, taking place in a compound in Lagos.[20]

Synagogue, Church of All Nations

Main article: Synagogue Church of All Nations

Joshua wrote that in a heavenly vision he had received divine anointing and a covenant from God to start his ministry.[21] Following this, Joshua founded the ministry organisation known as Synagogue, Church of All Nations (SCOAN). According to the organisation, more than 15,000 members[22] attend its weekly Sunday service; visitors from outside Nigeria are accommodated in the accommodation blocks constructed at the church.[23][24][25]

The Guardian reported that SCOAN attracts more weekly attendees than the combined number of visitors to Buckingham Palace and the Tower of London.[26] SCOAN's popular services have also resulted in an enormous boost for local businesses and hoteliers.[27]

Although Joshua's videos were distributed worldwide, gaining a large social media prescence,[28] the church has only one branch (in Ghana).[29] Joshua said in 2014 that it was "not yet time" for him to have branches worldwide.[30]

SCOAN has been described as "Nigeria's biggest tourist attraction"[31] and “the most visited destination by religious tourists in West Africa,”[32] with thousands of foreigners flocking to attend the church's weekly services.[33] Figures released by the Nigerian Immigration Service indicated that six out of every ten foreigners entering Nigeria are bound for SCOAN,[34] a fact discussed in Zimbabwean parliament when addressing the economic potentials of religious tourism.[35]

This Day newspaper reported that “about two million local and inbound tourists” visit SCOAN annually.[36] The church's popularity has led to an increase in flight routes to Lagos from several African countries in 2013.[37] Joshua's contribution to Nigeria's religious tourism was highlighted[38] when the cleric hinted at the possibility of relocating his ministry to Israel during a Sunday service.[39] Several prominent Nigerians[40] opposed the relocation, urging Joshua to remain in the country, and citing the economic setbacks Nigeria would likely experience as a result of his potential relocation.[41]

Biography

Joshua was born on June 12 of 1963 in Ondo State.[citation needed] Joshua was married to Evelyn Joshua and together they had three children, all girls.[42]

According to Joshua, he spent 15 months in his mother's womb[43][44] and narrowly avoided death after a quarry explosion near his house sent rocks through its roof just seven days after his birth.[45] According to his followers, a prophecy about the birth of a man of God from the poor neighborhoods of Oosin in Arigidi Akoko given 100 years earlier applied to T. B. Joshua.[46]

Joshua, then known as Balogun Francis,[47] attended St. Stephen's Anglican Primary School in Arigidi Akoko, Nigeria, between 1971 and 1977,[48] but failed to complete one year of secondary school education.[48] In school, he was known as "small pastor" because of his love for the Bible.[49] He worked in various casual jobs after his schooling had ended, including carrying chicken waste at a poultry farm.[50] He organised Bible studies for local children and attended evening school during this period.[43] Joshua attempted to join the Nigerian military but was thwarted due to a train breakdown that left him stranded en route to the military academy. He died on 5 June 2021 at his home in Lagos shortly after his Saturday night teaching of undisclosed cause.[1]

Foreign visits

File:Presidente Danilo Medina recibe al profeta nigeriano T.B Joshua.jpg
Joshua with Dominican president Danilo Medina in 2017

Joshua travelled to Korea, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and Paraguay to hold what he called "crusades." He also visited Israel to receive a humanitarian award from ZAKA and to visit biblical sites.[51] Joshua's "Miracle Crusade" in Cali, Colombia in July 2014 was allegedly attended by 100,000 people and held in the Estadio Olímpico Pascual Guerrero.[52] He travelled to the iconic Estadio Azteca in Mexico, and was allegedly visited by 200,000 people over two days in May 2015.[53] Joshua's two-day visit to Estadio Monumental "U" in Lima, Peru, attracted nearly 100,000 in September 2016, making headlines in local Peruvian media.[54][55][56] In August 2017, Joshua held a Crusade in Paraguay at Estadio Defensores del Chaco. His visit caused a media storm when the Paraguayan parliament approved that the cleric be awarded the National Order of Merit, the country's highest honour, which is usually reserved only for Paraguayan citizens.[57] Testimonies from those who alleged they were healed through Joshua's prayers at the crusade made headlines in local media.[58][59][60]

In June 2019, Joshua held a two-day event at the Amphitheatre of Mount Precipice in Nazareth, Israel, the historic hometown of Jesus Christ.[61] The event was the subject of intense media scrutiny.[62] Local religious officials told their followers to boycott the event and several small protests were held calling for the event's cancellation.[63] However, an estimated 15,000 people travelled from over 50 nations to attend the event, significantly boosting local tourism.[64]

Humanitarian work

There is a rehabilitation programme for militants from Nigeria's volatile Niger Delta region, repentant armed robbers[65] and sex workers who came to the church for 'deliverance'.[66][67]

Joshua provided two electrical transformers to a local community after theirs was burned beyond repair.[68] He donated over N26m to help restore electricity and put an end to over two years of power outage in four councils in the Akoko area of Ondo State.[69] The cleric made donations to police forces in Nigeria,[70] and Ghana.[71]

SCOAN has a 'scholarship program' which caters for the academic needs of students in their thousands, ranging from primary to tertiary education.[72] In 2012, Joshua sponsored a Nigerian student doing a PhD in Oxford University, with Nigerian media reporting she received £100,000 from the church.[73] He also gave a scholarship to a young Motswana to study at Harvard Law School in America.[74]

After the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Joshua sent a team of medical personnel and humanitarian workers to the affected area, establishing a field hospital called 'Clinique Emmanuel'.[75]

The 'Emmanuel TV Team' assisted victims of the earthquake that struck the nation of Ecuador in April 2016, providing over $500,000 worth of humanitarian aid.[76]

Joshua funded the building and running of a school in Lahore, Pakistan named 'Emmanuel School'. He also rebuilt a school in a rural area destroyed by the 2016 Ecuador earthquake, travelling to Ecuador for the opening of the school in June 2017.[77]

Several groups of Nigerians attempting illegal travel to Europe through Libya have been supported at SCOAN following their deportation from the North African nation with only the clothes on their backs.[78] Stories of the harsh conditions they encountered and Joshua's subsequent assistance made headlines in several local newspapers.[79]

In 2009, Joshua started a football club, My People FC, as part of efforts to help the youth. Two members of the team played for Nigeria's Golden Eaglets in the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup. Sani Emmanuel, who apparently lived in SCOAN for several years,[80] was Nigeria's top-scorer and the tournament's MVP. Emmanuel and his colleague Ogenyi Onazi signed professional contracts with SS Lazio, Onazi a key player for the Nigerian Senior Team, the Super Eagles.[81]

WBO International Light Middleweight boxing champion King Davidson Emenogu said that Joshua has financially supported him throughout his career and purportedly prophesied that he would be a world boxing champion.[82]

Joshua was involved in the meeting of the family of the late president of Liberia, Samuel Doe, with the former warlord Prince Yormie Johnson who was responsible for Doe's death. During this meeting the family publicly forgave Johnson[83] who said it was through Joshua's prayers that he stopped drinking alcohol and turned to Christianity.[84]

The cleric also played a prominent role in reconciling broken homes and restoring families torn apart by false accusations.[85]

In recognition of his humanitarian activities, he was awarded a National Honour by the Nigerian government in 2008[86] as well as receiving a letter of appreciation from the United Nations.[87] He was further honoured as an Ambassador of Peace by the Arewa Youth Forum, a predominantly Muslim organisation,[88] as well as being recognised with an 'award of excellence' by ZAKA, Israel's primary rescue and recovery voluntary service.[89]

Influence in African politics

A BBC Africa journalist once suggested that Joshua was "the most powerful man in Africa" due to his alleged influence in the African political sphere.[90]

Days after John Atta Mills became President of Ghana in 2009, he visited Joshua's church for a thanksgiving service, and claimed that Joshua had "prophesied" his ascension to power and specific details relating to his narrow victory over Nana Akufo-Addo. Joshua was a regular visitor to Ghana during Mills' early presidency and allegedly organised "prayer warriors" praying in Osu Castle.[91]

Joshua's supposed "prophecy" concerning the death of Malawian President Bingu Mutharika garnered media attention and was subsequently the subject of a Malawian government inquiry; Mutharika's successor, Joyce Banda, was also a devotee of the cleric.[92][93] Banda claimed Joshua's prayers healed her husband after he suffered a stroke and regularly visited Joshua in Nigeria while she was Head of State.[94][95]

Tanzania Joshua played the role of a peacemaker in the aftermath of the Tanzanian elections in 2015, visiting the country to meet and hold reconciliatory talks with President John Magufuli – a member of his church – and opposition leader Edward Lowassa. Commentators acknowledged his visit significantly reduced tensions in the country after the elections which the opposition party alleged were fraught with irregularities.[96]

Joshua was a key influence in former Liberian warlord Senator Prince Yormie Johnson’s decision to endorse the candidacy of George Weah for president in the 2017 Liberian elections. His endorsement came days after the two were spotted publicly together in SCOAN, a visit that caused a media storm in Liberia.[97][98] Weah's main opponent and former Vice President, Joseph Boakai, also allegedly requested to visit Joshua in light of the elections.[99]

In November 2019, Joshua visited South Sudan, where he met President Salva Kiir Mayardit.[100] He led Mayardit and his cabinet in prayers for peace at the nation’s Presidential Palace in Juba and called on leaders to overcome their differences in a message broadcast on South Sudan’s state television.[101] Some South Sudanese believed that Joshua had given a "prophecy" of the subsequent unity government formed in February 2020 between Mayardit and rival leader Riek Machar.[102]

Media

Main article: Emmanuel TV

Emmanuel TV, the SCOAN television station, was founded on 8 March 2006 by Joshua.[103] Its Sunday services are broadcast live. Joshua's programmes aired weekly on several local television stations across Africa. It debuted on DStv and GOtv in November 2015,[104] as well as StarTimes in February 2016.[105] In its profile on Joshua, BBC News described him as "Nigeria's best known televangelist".[106]

Emmanuel TV's motto is 'Changing lives, changing nations, changing the world.' The station is also known for its catch-phrase, ‘Distance Is Not A Barrier’,[107] encouraging viewers to ‘pray along’ with T.B. Joshua by ‘touching the screen’. There are several claims of people receiving miraculous 'healing' through these prayers,[108][109] including popular Nollywood actress Tonto Dikeh who said Joshua's prayers ended her 14-year smoking addiction.[110]

In April 2021, YouTube suspended Emmanuel TV's channel as a result of alleged hate speech by Joshua in videos on the channel. At the time the channel was suspended, it had over 1,800,000 subscribers and 400 million views. The allegations of hate speech referred to claims made by Joshua in at least seven videos that homosexuality is the result of possession by demonic spirits and that homosexuality can and should be cured via spiritual deliverance.[111] At the time of the channel's suspension, it was the most-viewed Christian ministry on the platform.[6][112]

Google ranked one of Emmanuel TV's YouTube videos as the fourth-most viewed clip ever within Nigeria.[113]

T. B. Joshua Books:

  • The Mirror ISBN 0-620-37453-5
  • The Step Between You And The Cure ISBN 0-620-33247-6
  • Daily Time With God ISBN 0-620-37575-2
  • What The Future Holds ISBN 978-0-620-42843-9

Wealth

Although Joshua criticized pastors who demanded money and politicians who bought-votes,[114] he became one of Africa's wealthiest pastors.[28] Former church insiders estimate that he received tens of millions of dollars from fundraising, pilgrims, sales of videos, and appearances at stadiums full of followers.[28]

In 2015, Sahara Reporters reported that Joshua has secretly purchased a Gulfstream G550 jet through a Bank of Utah trustee.[115] A Joshua aide denied the report.[116]

Nigeria's Premium Times newspaper stated that Joshua formed a company called Chillon Consultancy Limited, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands in June 2006, based on reports stemming from the Panama Papers leak. Joshua denied offshore activity, posting on Facebook, "I am not a businessman and have no business whatsoever. What God has given me is more than enough."[117]

Criticism and controversy

Joshua was intensly controversial.[118]

Several prominent pastors in and outside Nigeria condemned him, including Pastor Chris Okotie (who described him as a "son of the devil")[119] as well as Enoch Adeboye, David Oyedepo, Ayo Oritsejafor, Paul Adefarasin, Matthew Ashimolowo, and Ted Haggard.[120][121] The Christian Association of Nigeria and Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria denounced Joshua as an "impostor" and called him an occult figure posing as an evangelical.[122]

In 2010, Cameroon's foreign minister Henri Eyebe Ayissi termed Joshua a "son of the devil pretending to be a man of God" and advised hundreds of Cameroonians not to take a planned pilgrimage to Lagos, where several others had been left without accompdation.[15] Rumours of a visit by Joshua to Zimbabwe in 2012 led to an intense national debate, culminating with pastors and politicians strongly objecting.[16]

In 2011, the BBC reported at least three people in London with HIV died after they stopped taking life saving drugs on the advice of evangelical Christian pastors. The HIV prevention charity African Health Policy Network (AHPN) believed that SCOAN, which maintained an office in Southwark, London, "may" be one of those involved in such practices; SCOAN responded by saying that "we do not ask people to stop taking their medication".[123]

In 2014, SCOAN published videos in which a man who called himself "Mustapha" and purported to be a member of the Islamic terrorist group Boko Haram said that he, and four others, had planned to "bomb" the church, but that he decided to confess these plans after hearing Joshua's prayers.[124][125] SCOAN's video clip of the purported confession went viral on YouTube.[126] The Nigerian Movement for Accountability and Good Governance called on authorities to investigate the authenticity of the claims.[125]

Building collapse

Main article: 2014 Synagogue Church building collapse

On 12 September 2014, a guesthouse collapsed in SCOAN's premises in Lagos killing at least 115 people, 84 of them South Africans.[127] Controversy has continued to swirl around the circumstances that led to the collapse, with the former Nigerian Minister of Aviation Femi Fani-Kayode alleging Nigeria's intelligence agencies ‘blew up’ the building.[128]

Posthumous abuse accusations

In 2024, after a two-year BBC investigation, Joshua was posthumously accused of abuse against followers over more than 15 years. Allegations included multiple rapes, torture, and forced abortions. He was again accused of faking televised healings of followers. [20]

Purported healings and miracles

Joshua's former chief lieutenant, Agomoh Paul, who left the Scoan compount after ten years, said that Joshua was a "genius" manipulator.[28] Paul said that he was in charge of faking "miracles" purportedly performed by Joshua.[28] Paul and others interviewed by BBC News said that those who seemed to be "cured" at the church were frequently paid to "perform or exaggerate their symptoms before their supposed healing took place" and in some instances were drugged or medicated as part of the "faith healing" process.[28] Some were falsely told that they had HIV/AIDS but had made a recovery due to Joshua.[28]

Joshua's followers attributed miraculous properties to anointing water that had been prayed over by Joshua, claiming that it healed wounds.[129][130] or saved them from explosions or helicoper crashes.[131][132] In 2013, four people died in a stampede in Joshua's Ghanaian branch when an unadvertised service in which the water was being distributed drew huge crowds that exceeded the church's capacity. The incident nearly brought Ghana's capital city, Accra, to a standstill, and led to criticism of Joshua.[133]

In 2014, during the West African Ebola virus epidemic, Joshua also made headlines when he claimed his anointing water could cure people suffering from Ebola. He subsequently sent 4,000 bottles of the water and $50,000 to the Ebola-stricken nation of Sierra Leone.[134][135] A Sierra Leonean politician claimed that the water cured Ebola.[136] Lagos State Health officials visited Joshua and asked that he use his influnce to publicly discourage Ebola victims from visiting his church for prayers.[137]

SCOAN claimed that Joshua regularly facilitates miracles at the church.[138] Hundreds of weekly visitors to "prayer lines" at the church were prayed over by Joshua, and the church claimed he cured people of HIV/AIDS,[139][140][141] blindness[142] and open wounds.[143] SCOAN's claims of "spiritual healing" were the subject of several media reports, including a mention in Time Magazine,[144] an Associated Press interview[145] and an article by Foreign Policy detailing the tendency of Nigerians to seek spiritual help due to insufficient medical facilities.[146]

Wide public debate was stirred within Nigeria when the father of abducted school girl Ese Oruru stated his intention to take his daughter to T.B. Joshua for prayers following her release.[147] Similarly, a leaked report stating the intention of Nigeria's embattled former petroleum minister Diezani Alison-Madueke to visit Joshua for spiritual support in her battle against breast cancer elicited controversy.[148]

Purported exorcisms

SCOAN is also known for the purported deliverance during its services of people allegedly possessed by evil spirits. Strange occurrences have been reported during these deliverance prayers, including the case of a South African girl who allegedly cried blood[149] and a Liberian man who began behaving like a dog.[150] A young man allegedly delivered from a homosexual demon at SCOAN also attracted widespread media attention,[151][152] as did the purported transformation of a Paraguayan transvestite from a being a woman to a being a man.[153] After deliverance, those involved often confess the atrocities which the evil spirit allegedly pushed them to engage in, such as prostitution,[154] armed robbery,[155] internet fraud[156] and human trafficking.[157]

Ghanaian human rights lawyer Kwabla Senanu claimed that he was delivered from a spiritual problem.[158] Similarly, Ghanaian musician Denise Williams said she was delivered from a demon that had pushed her to become a drug addict and to suicidal thoughts.[159]

Veteran Nigerian Nollywood actress Camilla Mberekpe was also reportedly delivered at SCOAN.[160] Popular Nollywood actor Jim Iyke also said he received deliverance at SCOAN,[161] and a video of the event subsequently went viral.[162]

A video of Kenyan Olympic athlete Mercy Cherono receiving deliverance through Joshua's prayers attracted widespread attention in Kenya. She subsequently testified in the company of her husband how the evil spirit had negatively affected her young marriage and career.[163]

Claimed prophecies

Joshua claimed that COVID-19 would disappear globally on 27 March 2020.[164]

SCOAN claims that Joshua has successfully predicted events in the lives of individuals who attend his church services[165] as well as worldwide events, including a purported prophecy of Michael Jackson's death,[166] and the outcome of two African Cup of Nations (AFCON) final matches, which were won by Zambia[167] and Nigeria[168] respectively. He has been voted by the public among the most famous prophets.[169]

His prophecy about the impending death of an African president was widely reported in African press.[170] Joshua's followers believe the prophecy concerned the former president of Malawi Bingu wa Mutharika who died in 2012, aged 78. SCOAN released a video claiming that TB Joshua predicted the Malaysia Airlines MH370 event.[171] The prophecy received a lot of attention on social media and its accompanying YouTube video amassed over 1 million views.[172]

False rumors spread using Joshua's name are known to have caused widespread panic in communities,[173][174] affected sporting events,[175] music concerts[176] and led people to stop using social networks.[177]

When Hamza Al-Mustapha, the Chief Security Officer of former Nigerian President Sani Abacha, was released after eleven years of imprisonment, his first port of call was to Joshua's church in acknowledgement of a 'prophecy' the cleric allegedly gave him when Abacha was still in power.[178]

Critics argue that Joshua's predictions are too vague.[179]

Several terrorist attacks perpetrated by ISIS, Al-Qaeda affiliates and Al-Shabaab militants have allegedly been predicted by Joshua, including the November 2015 Paris attacks,[180] the Garissa University College attack in Kenya,[181] the Ouagadougou hotel siege in Burkina Faso[182] and the 2016 Brussels Bombings.[183] It is also claimed that he predicted the Boston Marathon bombing attacks in America.[184]

Joshua's alleged prophecy in April 2016 that an impending terror attack would befall Ghana made national headlines in the West African nation and led the national police to issue a statement calling for the general public to be calm and vigilant.[185] 600 foreigners reportedly cancelled their visits to Ghana in the wake of the statement.[186] Days later, a captured Malian terrorist confessed that his group had planned to target Ghana.[187]

Joshua incorrectly predicted that Hillary Clinton would win the 2016 US election. After this prophecy failed to materialise, with Donald Trump winning the election, Joshua stated that he was referring to Clinton's win in the popular vote and any misinterpretation was due to a lack of "spiritual understanding".[188]

A video of Joshua predicting "the military" of an undisclosed Southern African nation embarrassing, killing or capturing "a President or Vice-President ... or the First Lady of that nation‚” surfaced on social media after the statement, which was made and recorded in August 2014, was interpreted as a prophecy of the 2017 Zimbabwean coup d'état against Robert Mugabe.[189]

References

  1. ^ a b "Prophet T.B. Joshua is dead at 57". Peoples Gazette. 6 June 2021. Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Prophet TB Joshua". Scoan.org. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  3. ^ Olawunmi, Akintola (11 November 2017). "TB Joshua: Christianity Needs A Human Face". Nigerian Tribune. Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  4. ^ "Popular Nigerian megachurch preacher T.B Joshua dies after Church program". Daily Post. 6 June 2021. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  5. ^ Mpamugoh, Simeon (26 December 2017). "T.B. Joshua: Boosting Tourism With Religion". Daily Sun (Nigeria). Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  6. ^ a b Olowookere, Dipo (27 October 2018). "TB Joshua's Emmanuel TV Hits 1m YouTube Subscribers, 387m Views". Business Post (Nigeria). Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  7. ^ Palet, Laura (18 September 2016). "The Millionaire On God's Payroll". OZY. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  8. ^ Oshin, Tope (27 September 2016). "TB Joshua Honoured In Peru After Crusade In South America's Largest Stadium". Signal (Nigeria). Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  9. ^ Umem, James (23 December 2008). "Adeboye, TB Joshua Absent At National Awards". Vanguard. Archived from the original on 29 May 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  10. ^ "Awo, Soyinka, TB Joshua listed as Yoruba icons". Nigerian Tribune. 20 February 2015. Archived from the original on 28 February 2015.
  11. ^ "The 50 Most Influential Africans". The Africa Report. 30 September 2012. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  12. ^ "2012: 100 Most Influential Africans". New African Magazine. 26 December 2012. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  13. ^ "Pentecostalism in Africa: Of prophets and profits". The Economist. 4 October 2014. Archived from the original on 3 October 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  14. ^ Makhaya, Trudi (17 September 2014). "Malaysian Flight MH370: Prophecy Video Emerges Dated July 28". ENCA (South Africa). Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  15. ^ a b Ateba, Simon (30 September 2010). "Cameroon Blacklists TB Joshua". PM News (Nigeria). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  16. ^ a b "Zimbabwe Churches Say TB Joshua Not Welcome". Zambia Watchdog (Zambia). 18 May 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
  17. ^ "Inside TB Joshua's broken temple". News24. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  18. ^ "Prophet T.B. Joshua is dead at 57". Peoples Gazette. 6 June 2021. Archived from the original on 5 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  19. ^ "Pastor T.B Joshua don die". BBC News Pidgin. 6 June 2021. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
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  181. ^ Yapching, Mark (8 April 2015). "Church Claims TB Joshua Predicted Kenya Terror Attack in 2012". Christian Today (UK). Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  182. ^ "How TB Joshua Prophesied Burkina Faso Terrorists Siege". Citi FM (Ghana). 16 January 2016. Archived from the original on 19 March 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  183. ^ "WATCH: TB Joshua Predicted The Brussels Terror Attacks". News 24 (Nigeria)Ghana Celebrities. 23 March 2016. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  184. ^ Efe Mensah, Dorcas (16 April 2013). "TB Joshua Prophesied About Boston Bombings In January". My Joy Online (Ghana). Archived from the original on 3 May 2013.
  185. ^ "Police Urge Calm Over Terror Prophecy". Ghana Web (Ghana). 11 April 2016. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  186. ^ "T.B Joshua scares off IMF delegation, 600 foreign visitors to Ghana". Ghana Web (Ghana). 21 April 2016. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  187. ^ "Malian 'Terrorist' Confirms Planned Terror Attack in Ghana". All Africa. 13 April 2016. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  188. ^ Abayomi, John (13 November 2016). "Trump: You need spiritual understanding to interpret my prophesy - TB Joshua". Punch Newspapers. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  189. ^ Thompson, James (16 November 2017). "Did Nigerian Prophet TB Joshua Prophesy Mugabe's Removal?". Mail & Guardian (South Africa). Archived from the original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
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