SWAPO Democrats: Difference between revisions
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{{Politics of Namibia}} |
{{Politics of Namibia}} |
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The '''SWAPO Democrats''', also known as '''SWAPO-D''', was a political party formed from a break within the [[South West Africa People's Organization]] in 1978. Formed in [[Sweden]] on 10 June 1978, the party was led by former leading SWAPO members [[Andreas Shipanga]] (President), [[Kenneth Abrahams]], [[Ottilie Abrahams]] (Secretary-General), and [[Emil Appolus]]<ref> |
The '''SWAPO Democrats''', also known as '''SWAPO-D''', was a political party formed from a break within the [[South West Africa People's Organization]] in 1978. Formed in [[Sweden]] on 10 June 1978, the party was led by former leading SWAPO members [[Andreas Shipanga]] (President), [[Kenneth Abrahams]], [[Ottilie Abrahams]] (Secretary-General), and [[Emil Appolus]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Veteran Namibian politician Appolus dies |url=https://www.namibian.com.na/16177/archive-read/Veteran-Namibian-politician-Appolus-dies--EMIL |access-date=23 December 2021 |work=[[The Namibian]] |date=30 May 2005}}</ref> in response to a major party split within SWAPO which resulted in the forced detention of Shipanga and [[Solomon Mfifma]] during the 1975-76 SWAPO crisis, also known as the "Shipanga Rebellion".<ref name="a">{{Cite book|last=Sellström|first=Tor|url=http://nai.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:241772/FULLTEXT01.pdf|title=Sweden and national liberation in Southern Africa : Vol. 2, Solidarity and assistance 1970-1994|date=2002|access-date=23 December 2021|publisher=Nordiska Afrikainstitutet|isbn=91-7106-448-6|pages=325}}</ref> |
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SWAPO-D were generally seen by SWAPO as traitors and collaborators with the [[apartheid]] regime.<ref name=a/> However, they were still following a comparable political course, boycotting the 1975–1977 [[Turnhalle Constitutional Conference]] and the resulting [[South-West African legislative election, 1978|1978 legislative elections]].<ref>{{Cite journal |
SWAPO-D were generally seen by SWAPO as traitors and collaborators with the [[apartheid]] regime.<ref name=a/> However, they were still following a comparable political course, boycotting the 1975–1977 [[Turnhalle Constitutional Conference]] and the resulting [[South-West African legislative election, 1978|1978 legislative elections]].<ref>{{Cite journal |
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|date = March 1979 |
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| ⚫ | }}</ref> In the mid-1980s SWAPO-D joined the [[Transitional Government of National Unity (Namibia)|Transitional Government]], in which all parties swore an allegiance to the Republic of South Africa.<ref name=a/> In the [[Namibian parliamentary election, 1989|1989 election]]s, SWAPO-D failed to win a seat, obtaining 3,161 votes and was disbanded in 1991.<ref>{{cite news |title=Liberation pioneer dies |url=https://www.namibian.com.na/95057/archive-read/Liberation-pioneer-dies-Shipanga-while-a-member |access-date=23 December 2021 |work=[[The Namibian]] |date=11 May 2012}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | }}</ref> In the mid-1980s SWAPO-D joined the [[Transitional Government of National Unity (Namibia)|Transitional Government]], in which all parties swore an allegiance to the Republic of South Africa.<ref name=a/> In the [[Namibian parliamentary election, 1989|1989 election]]s, SWAPO-D failed to win a seat, obtaining 3,161 votes and was disbanded in 1991.<ref>{{ |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 16:22, 23 December 2021
SWAPO Democrats | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | SWAPO-D |
| President | Andreas Shipanga |
| Secretary-General | Ottilie Abrahams |
| Founded | 10 June 1978 |
| Dissolved | 1991 |
| Split from | SWAPO |
 |
|---|
The SWAPO Democrats, also known as SWAPO-D, was a political party formed from a break within the South West Africa People's Organization in 1978. Formed in Sweden on 10 June 1978, the party was led by former leading SWAPO members Andreas Shipanga (President), Kenneth Abrahams, Ottilie Abrahams (Secretary-General), and Emil Appolus[1] in response to a major party split within SWAPO which resulted in the forced detention of Shipanga and Solomon Mfifma during the 1975-76 SWAPO crisis, also known as the "Shipanga Rebellion".[2]
SWAPO-D were generally seen by SWAPO as traitors and collaborators with the apartheid regime.[2] However, they were still following a comparable political course, boycotting the 1975–1977 Turnhalle Constitutional Conference and the resulting 1978 legislative elections.[3] In the mid-1980s SWAPO-D joined the Transitional Government, in which all parties swore an allegiance to the Republic of South Africa.[2] In the 1989 elections, SWAPO-D failed to win a seat, obtaining 3,161 votes and was disbanded in 1991.[4]
References
- ^ "Veteran Namibian politician Appolus dies". The Namibian. 30 May 2005. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
- ^ a b c Sellström, Tor (2002). Sweden and national liberation in Southern Africa : Vol. 2, Solidarity and assistance 1970-1994 (PDF). Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. p. 325. ISBN 91-7106-448-6. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
- ^ Weinberg, Paul (March 1979). "The S.W.A. / Namibia Election" (PDF). Reality. 11 (2). University of KwaZulu-Natal: 6–7. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
- ^ "Liberation pioneer dies". The Namibian. 11 May 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
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