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{{Short description|Unseen and undervalued work}}
{{Short description|Unseen and undervalued work}}
'''Invisible labor''' is a [[philosophical]], [[sociological]], and [[economic]] concept applying to work that is unseen, unvalued or undervalued, and often discounted as not important, despite its essential role in supporting the functioning of workplaces, families, teams, and organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-16 |title=Invisible Labor, Invisible Hands |url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/invisible-labor-invisible-hands/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Los Angeles Review of Books|last=Anderson|first=Emily Hodgson}}</ref> The term was coined by Arlene Kaplan Daniels in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hatton |first=Erin |date=April 2017 |title=Mechanisms of invisibility: rethinking the concept of invisible work |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0950017016674894 |journal=Work, Employment and Society |language=en |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=336–351 |doi=10.1177/0950017016674894 |issn=0950-0170}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Daniels |first=Arlene Kaplan |date=December 1987 |title=Invisible Work |url=https://academic.oup.com/socpro/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/800538 |journal=Social Problems |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=403–415 |doi=10.2307/800538}}</ref> The term has been applied to [[academics]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gordon |first=Hava Rachel |last2=Willink |first2=Kate |last3=Hunter |first3=Keeley |date=June 2024 |title=Invisible labor and the associate professor: Identity and workload inequity. |url=https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/dhe0000414 |journal=Journal of Diversity in Higher Education |language=en |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=285–296 |doi=10.1037/dhe0000414 |issn=1938-8934}}</ref> scientists,<ref>{{Cite book |title=Invisible labour in modern science |date=2022 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-5381-5995-8 |editor-last=Bangham |editor-first=Jenny |series=Global epistemics |location=Lanham Boulder New York London |editor-last2=Chacko |editor-first2=Xan |editor-last3=Kaplan |editor-first3=Judith}}</ref> [[Waiting staff|wait staff]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Crain |first=Marion G. |title=Invisible labor: hidden work in the contemporary world |last2=Poster |first2=Winifred Rebecca |last3=Cherry |first3=Miriam A. |date=2016 |publisher=University of California press |isbn=978-0-520-28640-5 |location=Oakland (Calif.)}}</ref> [[Secretary|secretaries]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wichroski |first=Mary |date=March 1994 |title=The Secretary: Invisible Labor in the Workworld of Women |url=https://meridian.allenpress.com/human-organization/article/53/1/33/72501/The-Secretary-Invisible-Labor-in-the-Workworld-of |journal=Human Organization |language=en |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=33–41 |doi=10.17730/humo.53.1.a1205g53j7334631 |issn=0018-7259}}</ref> and women in the household,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ciciolla |first=Lucia |last2=Luthar |first2=Suniya S. |date=October 2019 |title=Invisible Household Labor and Ramifications for Adjustment: Mothers as Captains of Households |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11199-018-1001-x |journal=Sex Roles |language=en |volume=81 |issue=7-8 |pages=467–486 |doi=10.1007/s11199-018-1001-x |issn=0360-0025 |pmc=8223758 |pmid=34177072}}</ref> who bear most of the invisible labor in terms of cleaning, planning, and organizing.<ref name=":0" /> Even when women are equally employed, they still are responsible for the majority of invisible labor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Piñon |first=Natasha |date=2020-09-11 |title=Invisible labor is real, and it hurts: What you need to know |url=https://mashable.com/article/what-is-invisible-labor |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Mashable |language=en}}</ref> This has a toll on the mental, physical, and psychological well-being of those who perform invisible labor,<ref>{{Cite web |last=D’Ardenne |first=Kimberlee |title=Invisible labor can negatively impact well-being in mothers|url=https://news.asu.edu/20190122-discoveries-asu-study-invisible-labor-can-negatively-impact-well-being-mothers |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=ASU News |language=en}}</ref> and it reflects ongoing power dynamics and gender imbalances between those whose work 'counts' and those whose work remains 'unseen.'<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalita |first=S. Mitra |date=2023-09-26 |title=How to End the Unfairness of Invisible Work |url=https://time.com/charter/6317237/how-to-end-the-unfairness-of-invisible-work/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Time |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite interview |title=5 Things to Know About Invisible Labor|last=Rodsky|first=Eve |url=https://www.optum.com/en/health-articles.html/healthy-living/5-things-know-about-invisible-labor |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Optum |language=en}}</ref> The concept continues to influence public discourse through books and movies.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Winkelman |first=Natalia |date=July 7, 2022 |title='Fair Play' Review: Casting a Floodlight on Invisible Labor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/07/movies/fair-play-review.html |access-date=September 20, 2024 |work=[[New York Times]]}}</ref>
'''Invisible labor''' is a [[philosophical]], [[sociological]], and [[economic]] concept applying to work that is unseen, unvalued or undervalued, and often discounted as not important, despite its essential role in supporting the functioning of workplaces, families, teams, and organizations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-16 |title=Invisible Labor, Invisible Hands |url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/invisible-labor-invisible-hands/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Los Angeles Review of Books|last=Anderson|first=Emily Hodgson}}</ref> The term was coined by Arlene Kaplan Daniels in the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hatton |first=Erin |date=April 2017 |title=Mechanisms of invisibility: rethinking the concept of invisible work |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0950017016674894 |journal=Work, Employment and Society |language=en |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=336–351 |doi=10.1177/0950017016674894 |issn=0950-0170}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Daniels |first=Arlene Kaplan |date=December 1987 |title=Invisible Work |url=https://academic.oup.com/socpro/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/800538 |journal=Social Problems |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=403–415 |doi=10.2307/800538}}</ref> The term has been applied to [[academics]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gordon |first=Hava Rachel |last2=Willink |first2=Kate |last3=Hunter |first3=Keeley |date=June 2024 |title=Invisible labor and the associate professor: Identity and workload inequity. |url=https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/dhe0000414 |journal=Journal of Diversity in Higher Education |language=en |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=285–296 |doi=10.1037/dhe0000414 |issn=1938-8934}}</ref> scientists,<ref>{{Cite book |title=Invisible labour in modern science |date=2022 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-5381-5995-8 |editor-last=Bangham |editor-first=Jenny |series=Global epistemics |location=Lanham Boulder New York London |editor-last2=Chacko |editor-first2=Xan |editor-last3=Kaplan |editor-first3=Judith}}</ref> [[Waiting staff|wait staff]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Crain |first=Marion G. |title=Invisible labor: hidden work in the contemporary world |last2=Poster |first2=Winifred Rebecca |last3=Cherry |first3=Miriam A. |date=2016 |publisher=University of California press |isbn=978-0-520-28640-5 |location=Oakland (Calif.)}}</ref> [[Secretary|secretaries]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wichroski |first=Mary |date=March 1994 |title=The Secretary: Invisible Labor in the Workworld of Women |url=https://meridian.allenpress.com/human-organization/article/53/1/33/72501/The-Secretary-Invisible-Labor-in-the-Workworld-of |journal=Human Organization |language=en |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=33–41 |doi=10.17730/humo.53.1.a1205g53j7334631 |issn=0018-7259}}</ref> and women in the household,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Ciciolla |first=Lucia |last2=Luthar |first2=Suniya S. |date=October 2019 |title=Invisible Household Labor and Ramifications for Adjustment: Mothers as Captains of Households |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11199-018-1001-x |journal=Sex Roles |language=en |volume=81 |issue=7-8 |pages=467–486 |doi=10.1007/s11199-018-1001-x |issn=0360-0025 |pmc=8223758 |pmid=34177072}}</ref> who bear most of the invisible labor in terms of cleaning, planning, and organizing.<ref name=":0" /> Even when women are equally employed, they still are responsible for the majority of invisible labor.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Piñon |first=Natasha |date=2020-09-11 |title=Invisible labor is real, and it hurts: What you need to know |url=https://mashable.com/article/what-is-invisible-labor |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Mashable |language=en}}</ref> This has a toll on the mental, physical, and psychological well-being of those who perform invisible labor,<ref>{{Cite web |last=D’Ardenne |first=Kimberlee |title=Invisible labor can negatively impact well-being in mothers|url=https://news.asu.edu/20190122-discoveries-asu-study-invisible-labor-can-negatively-impact-well-being-mothers |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=ASU News |language=en}}</ref> and it reflects ongoing power dynamics and gender imbalances between those whose work 'counts' and those whose work remains 'unseen.'<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalita |first=S. Mitra |date=2023-09-26 |title=How to End the Unfairness of Invisible Work |url=https://time.com/charter/6317237/how-to-end-the-unfairness-of-invisible-work/ |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Time |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite interview |title=5 Things to Know About Invisible Labor|last=Rodsky|first=Eve |url=https://www.optum.com/en/health-articles.html/healthy-living/5-things-know-about-invisible-labor |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=Optum |language=en}}</ref> The concept continues to influence public discourse through books and movies.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Winkelman |first=Natalia |date=July 7, 2022 |title='Fair Play' Review: Casting a Floodlight on Invisible Labor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/07/movies/fair-play-review.html |access-date=September 20, 2024 |work=[[New York Times]]}}</ref> Technology has not reduced Invisble labor, despite expectations or promises that it would.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hester |first=Helen |title=After work: a history of the home and the fight for free time |last2=Srnicek |first2=Nick |date=2023 |publisher=Verso |isbn=978-1-78663-309-5 |location=London ; New York}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 07:18, 21 September 2024

Invisible labor is a philosophical, sociological, and economic concept applying to work that is unseen, unvalued or undervalued, and often discounted as not important, despite its essential role in supporting the functioning of workplaces, families, teams, and organizations.[1] The term was coined by Arlene Kaplan Daniels in the 1980s.[2][3] The term has been applied to academics,[4] scientists,[5] wait staff,[6] secretaries,[7] and women in the household,[8] who bear most of the invisible labor in terms of cleaning, planning, and organizing.[8] Even when women are equally employed, they still are responsible for the majority of invisible labor.[9] This has a toll on the mental, physical, and psychological well-being of those who perform invisible labor,[10] and it reflects ongoing power dynamics and gender imbalances between those whose work 'counts' and those whose work remains 'unseen.'[11][12] The concept continues to influence public discourse through books and movies.[13] Technology has not reduced Invisble labor, despite expectations or promises that it would.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ Anderson, Emily Hodgson (2022-04-16). "Invisible Labor, Invisible Hands". Los Angeles Review of Books. Retrieved 2024-09-20.
  2. ^ Hatton, Erin (April 2017). "Mechanisms of invisibility: rethinking the concept of invisible work". Work, Employment and Society. 31 (2): 336–351. doi:10.1177/0950017016674894. ISSN 0950-0170.
  3. ^ Daniels, Arlene Kaplan (December 1987). "Invisible Work". Social Problems. 34 (5): 403–415. doi:10.2307/800538.
  4. ^ Gordon, Hava Rachel; Willink, Kate; Hunter, Keeley (June 2024). "Invisible labor and the associate professor: Identity and workload inequity". Journal of Diversity in Higher Education. 17 (3): 285–296. doi:10.1037/dhe0000414. ISSN 1938-8934.
  5. ^ Bangham, Jenny; Chacko, Xan; Kaplan, Judith, eds. (2022). Invisible labour in modern science. Global epistemics. Lanham Boulder New York London: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-5995-8.
  6. ^ Crain, Marion G.; Poster, Winifred Rebecca; Cherry, Miriam A. (2016). Invisible labor: hidden work in the contemporary world. Oakland (Calif.): University of California press. ISBN 978-0-520-28640-5.
  7. ^ Wichroski, Mary (March 1994). "The Secretary: Invisible Labor in the Workworld of Women". Human Organization. 53 (1): 33–41. doi:10.17730/humo.53.1.a1205g53j7334631. ISSN 0018-7259.
  8. ^ a b Ciciolla, Lucia; Luthar, Suniya S. (October 2019). "Invisible Household Labor and Ramifications for Adjustment: Mothers as Captains of Households". Sex Roles. 81 (7–8): 467–486. doi:10.1007/s11199-018-1001-x. ISSN 0360-0025. PMC 8223758. PMID 34177072.
  9. ^ Piñon, Natasha (2020-09-11). "Invisible labor is real, and it hurts: What you need to know". Mashable. Retrieved 2024-09-20.
  10. ^ D’Ardenne, Kimberlee. "Invisible labor can negatively impact well-being in mothers". ASU News. Retrieved 2024-09-20.
  11. ^ Kalita, S. Mitra (2023-09-26). "How to End the Unfairness of Invisible Work". Time. Retrieved 2024-09-20.
  12. ^ Rodsky, Eve. "5 Things to Know About Invisible Labor". Optum (Interview). Retrieved 2024-09-20.
  13. ^ Winkelman, Natalia (July 7, 2022). "'Fair Play' Review: Casting a Floodlight on Invisible Labor". New York Times. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
  14. ^ Hester, Helen; Srnicek, Nick (2023). After work: a history of the home and the fight for free time. London ; New York: Verso. ISBN 978-1-78663-309-5.
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