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=== Medical ===
=== Medical ===
''A. propinquus'' is an component in [[Lectranal]], a food supplement used in treatment of [[seasonal allergic rhinitis]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis | year = 2010 |vauthors=Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, Plavec D, Pecanic S, Tudoric N | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19504468?dopt=Abstract }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Guo|first1=Ruoling|last2=Pittler|first2=Max H.|last3=Ernst|first3=Edzard|title=Herbal medicines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review|journal=Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology|date=December 2007|volume=99|issue=6|pages=483–495|doi=10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4|pmid=18219828}}</ref>
''A. propinquus'' is an component in [[Lectranal]], a food supplement used in treatment of [[seasonal allergic rhinitis]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis | year = 2010 |vauthors=Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, Plavec D, Pecanic S, Tudoric N | pmid=19504468 | doi=10.1002/ptr.2877 | volume=24 | issue=2 | journal=Phytother Res | pages=175-81}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Guo|first1=Ruoling|last2=Pittler|first2=Max H.|last3=Ernst|first3=Edzard|title=Herbal medicines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review|journal=Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology|date=December 2007|volume=99|issue=6|pages=483–495|doi=10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4|pmid=18219828}}</ref>


== Chemistry ==
== Chemistry ==

Revision as of 15:52, 20 December 2016

Astragalus propinquus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Fabales
Family:
Fabaceae
Genus:
Astragalus
Species:
A. propinquus
Binomial name
Astragalus propinquus
Synonyms
  • "Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge
  • Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. mongholicus (Bunge)P.K.Hsiao
  • Astragalus propinquus Schischkin var. glabra Vydr.
  • Phaca membranacea Fisch."[1]

Astragalus propinquus (syn. Astragalus membranaceus[2] also known as huáng qí (Chinese: 黄芪), běi qí (Chinese: 北芪) or huáng huā huáng qí (Chinese: 黄花黄耆),[3] is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine.[4] It is a perennial plant and it is not listed as being threatened.[1]

Use

Herbalism

A. propinquus is used in traditional Chinese medicine for healing and for diabetes.[5]

The natural gum tragacanth, which is used in pharmaceuticals and textiles, is obtained from Astragalus tragacanthus.[6]

Medical

A. propinquus is an component in Lectranal, a food supplement used in treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.[7][8]

Chemistry

An extract of A. propinquus called TA-65 may activate telomerase, extending the lengths of the shortest telomeres which protect the terminal DNA at the ends of all chromosomes.[9] It contains the saponin cycloastragenol. Constituents of the roots (Radix Astragali) include polysaccharides, triterpenoids (astragalosides)[10] as well as isoflavones (including kumatakenin, calycosin and formononetin) along with their glycosides and malonates.[11]

Toxicology

While several other species of Astragalus are known to cause severe poisonings in livestock due to indolizine alkaloids, aliphatic nitro compounds, and accumulated selenium,[12] none of these constituents have been detected in the medicinal species Astragalus membranaceus used in dietary supplements and TCM preparations.[13]

Compendial status

A. propinquus is listed in the following official Pharmacopeia:

  • Japanese Pharmacopoeia[14]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ a b c "Astragalus propinquus Schischkin". LegumeWeb. International Legume Database & Information Service. 2005-11-01. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
  2. ^ http://www.ildis.org/LegumeWeb?version~10.01&LegumeWeb&tno~16104&genus~Astragalus&species~membranaceus
  3. ^ Joe Hing Kwok Chu. "Huang qi". Complementary and Alternative Healing University. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
  4. ^ "Astragalus membranaceus - Moench". Plants for a Future.
  5. ^ Block, Keith I.; Mead, Mark N. (1 September 2003). "Immune System Effects of Echinacea, Ginseng, and Astragalus: A Review". Integrative Cancer Therapies. 2 (3): 247–267. doi:10.1177/1534735403256419.
  6. ^ Gentry, H. S.; Mittleman, M.; McCrohan, P. R. (1990). "Introduction of Chia and Gum Tragacanth in the U.S." Purdue University Crop Index. Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-02-26.
  7. ^ Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, Plavec D, Pecanic S, Tudoric N (2010). "Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis". Phytother Res. 24 (2): 175–81. doi:10.1002/ptr.2877. PMID 19504468.
  8. ^ Guo, Ruoling; Pittler, Max H.; Ernst, Edzard (December 2007). "Herbal medicines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 99 (6): 483–495. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4. PMID 18219828.
  9. ^ Harley, C. B.; Liu, W.; Blasco, M.; Vera, E.; Andrews, W. H.; Briggs, L. A.; Raffaele, J. M. (2011). "A Natural Product Telomerase Activator As Part of a Health Maintenance Program". Rejuvenation Research. 14 (1): 45–56. doi:10.1089/rej.2010.1085. PMC 3045570. PMID 20822369.
  10. ^ Xu, Q.; Ma, X.; Liang, X. (2007). "Determination of Astragalosides in the Roots of Astragalus spp. Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry". Phytochemical Analysis. 18 (5): 419–427. doi:10.1002/pca.997. PMID 17624885.
  11. ^ Lin, L. Z.; He, X. G.; Lindenmaier, M.; Nolan, G.; Yang, J.; Cleary, M.; Qiu, S. X.; Cordell, G. A. (2000). "Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study of the Flavonoids of the Roots of Astragalus mongholicus and A. membranaceus". Journal of Chromatography A. 876 (1–2): 87–95. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00149-7. PMID 10823504.
  12. ^ "A review of the pharmacology and toxicology of Astragalus". Phytotherapy Research.
  13. ^ "Astragalus". WebMD.
  14. ^ Japanese Pharmacopoeia (PDF) (15th ed.).
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