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The '''ETR 300''', also known as "Settebello-type" for its use on the former [[Settebello (train)|''Settebello'']] train service, is a type of [[Italy|Italian]] fast [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) trainset formerly operated by [[Ferrovie dello Stato]] (Italian State Railways).<ref name="nock1978">[[O. S. Nock|Nock, O.S.]] (1978). "The Settebello: speed and luxury", in ''World Atlas of Railways'', pp. 118–119. New York: Mayflower Books (original publisher: Artists House, London, UK). {{ISBN|0-8317-9500-X}}.</ref> The letters ETR stood for ''elettrotreno rapido'' ([[Italian language|Italian]] for high-speed electric train). Thanks to its aerodynamically low-drag profile, it boasted a maximum speed of {{convert|200|km/h|abbr=on}}, with a power output of 2600 kW. Manufactured for FS by [[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda|Breda]], a total of only three trainsets were built, numbered ETR 301–303.<ref name="sole 24 ore">{{cite news|last=Innocenti|first=Marco|title=21 novembre 1952: debutta il Settebello|trans-title=21 November 1952: The debut of the Settebello|newspaper=[[Il Sole 24 Ore]]|date=20 November 2008|location=Milan, Italy |language=Italian |url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/Tempo%20libero%20e%20Cultura/2008/11/storie-storia-nasce-settebello.shtml?uuid=0e8a96fc-b26a-11dd-82c7-faa33d2b55db |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref>
The '''ETR 300''', also known as "Settebello-type" for its use on the former [[Settebello (train)|''Settebello'']] train service, is a type of [[Italy|Italian]] fast [[electric multiple unit]] (EMU) trainset formerly operated by [[Ferrovie dello Stato]] (Italian State Railways).<ref name="nock1978">[[O. S. Nock|Nock, O.S.]] (1978). "The Settebello: speed and luxury", in ''World Atlas of Railways'', pp. 118–119. New York: Mayflower Books (original publisher: Artists House, London, UK). {{ISBN|0-8317-9500-X}}.</ref> The letters ETR stood for ''elettrotreno rapido'' ([[Italian language|Italian]] for high-speed electric train). Thanks to its aerodynamically low-drag profile, it boasted a maximum speed of {{convert|200|km/h|abbr=on}}, with a power output of 2600 kW. Manufactured for FS by [[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda|Breda]], a total of only three trainsets were built, numbered ETR 301–303.<ref name="sole 24 ore">{{cite news|last=Innocenti|first=Marco|title=21 novembre 1952: debutta il Settebello|trans-title=21 November 1952: The debut of the Settebello|newspaper=[[Il Sole 24 Ore]]|date=20 November 2008|location=Milan, Italy |language=Italian |url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/Tempo%20libero%20e%20Cultura/2008/11/storie-storia-nasce-settebello.shtml?uuid=0e8a96fc-b26a-11dd-82c7-faa33d2b55db |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref>


== History ==
Following development of the design that had begun in 1947, the first ETR 300-series unit began making test runs in September 1952. The first completed trainset, numbered ETR 301, was delivered to FS on 21 November 1952. After the delivery of the second set, number 302, the ETR&nbsp;300-series trains entered regular service between Milan and Rome on 30 March 1953, on the new ''[[Settebello]]'' service.<ref name="sole 24 ore"/> The third and final set, ETR 303, entered service in 1959.<ref name="sole 24 ore"/>


Since the Italian Railways' high-speed rolling stock got seriously damaged during [[World War II]], the company started developing the project of a new first-class only [[EMU]] (ETR, Elettrotreno rapido) which had to be used on the most important long-haul ervices. The train was built by [Società Italiana Ernesto Breda] and the first unit, no. 301, was delivered to FS on 21 November 1952. It was nicknamed "Settebello" because of its luxury interior design and furniture and because it was compoed of seven cars. The second unit, no. 302, entered sevice in March 1953, while the last one, no. 303, was launched in february 1959.
⚫
Each EMU trainset had seven cars and seating for 190. In 1970, they were upgraded with more powerful motors, shortening the time it took for the Milan–Rome run. The TEE ''Settebello'' was discontinued in 1984,<ref name="cooks1984may">"Summer services, 1984" (changes taking effect). ''[[Thomas Cook European Timetable|Thomas Cook Continental Timetable]]'' (May 1–June 2, 1984 edition), p. 64; also pp. 65–66 Peterborough, UK: [[Thomas Cook Group|Thomas Cook Publishing]].</ref> and the ETR 300 series was removed from service on that route (Milan–Rome).<ref name="sole 24 ore"/> They remained in service elsewhere until 1988, when they were permanently retired. In 1998, two of the three trainsets were scrapped, leaving only number ETR 302 surviving, and used for occasional display or private hire.<ref name="sole 24 ore"/> The train still survives, but has been heavily vandalized with broken parts and graffiti, and is also slowly rusting away.<ref>{{Citation|last=Giampaolo Grilli|title=ETR 302 SETTEBELLO - 2016_04_07|date=2016-04-08|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=D_pv9Qe6RHA|accessdate=2016-11-21}}</ref>
<ref name="sole 24 ore"/>
It started running between [[Milan]] and [[Naples]], but in 1955 the service, which offered only 160 fisrt class seats (then the capacity increased to 190 in 1959), was shortened to [[Rome]].
The train could reach the speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) and it ran between the terminus in five hours and forty five minutes.
The Settebello was considered one of the symbols of the Italian economical and industrial development and welfare after the war.
In 1969 the train was upgraded: new engines (more powerful than the former ones), new boogies and a new safety system were installed in order to make it reach a maximum speed of 200 km/h (120 mph), at which the train never actually ran.
On 26 May 1974 the train started operating as TEE "Settebello" as part of the [[Trans Europ Express]] network, but the service ended on 3rd June 1984 and, from that date, the sets were used for less important trains between Milan, [[Venice]], [[Florence]] and [[Genoa]].
⚫
In 1992 the trains were retired from regular passenger service.<ref name="cooks1984may">"Summer services, 1984" (changes taking effect). ''[[Thomas Cook European Timetable|Thomas Cook Continental Timetable]]'' (May 1–June 2, 1984 edition), p. 64; also pp. 65–66 Peterborough, UK: [[Thomas Cook Group|Thomas Cook Publishing]].</ref> and the ETR 300 series was removed from service on that route (Milan–Rome).<ref name="sole 24 ore"/> They remained in service elsewhere until 1988, when they were permanently retired. In 1998, two of the three trainsets were scrapped, leaving only number ETR 302 surviving, and used for occasional display or private hire.<ref name="sole 24 ore"/> The train still survives, but has been heavily vandalized with broken parts and graffiti, and is also slowly rusting away.<ref>{{Citation|last=Giampaolo Grilli|title=ETR 302 SETTEBELLO - 2016_04_07|date=2016-04-08|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=D_pv9Qe6RHA|accessdate=2016-11-21}}</ref>
After a long period, on August, 2016 the train was rescued by Fondazione FS Italiane and it will be restored and will have new technologies, like Wi-Fi internet.
After a long period, on August, 2016 the train was rescued by Fondazione FS Italiane and it will be restored and will have new technologies, like Wi-Fi internet.


Revision as of 15:40, 4 August 2019

FS Class ETR 300
Power car of a Class ETR-300 train set in 2006
In service1953–1988
ManufacturerBreda (now Hitachi Rail Italy)
Constructed1952 – c. 1958/59
Entered service1953–1959
Number built3 trainsets
FormationSeven-car trainset, including two power cars, at front and rear
Fleet numbers(ETR-) 301–303
Capacity190
OperatorsFerrovie dello Stato (FS)
Specifications
Maximum speed200 km/h (124 mph)
Electric system(s)3 kV DC Overhead catenary
Current collector(s)Pantograph
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge

The ETR 300, also known as "Settebello-type" for its use on the former Settebello train service, is a type of Italian fast electric multiple unit (EMU) trainset formerly operated by Ferrovie dello Stato (Italian State Railways).[1] The letters ETR stood for elettrotreno rapido (Italian for high-speed electric train). Thanks to its aerodynamically low-drag profile, it boasted a maximum speed of 200 km/h (120 mph), with a power output of 2600 kW. Manufactured for FS by Breda, a total of only three trainsets were built, numbered ETR 301–303.[2]

History

Since the Italian Railways' high-speed rolling stock got seriously damaged during World War II, the company started developing the project of a new first-class only EMU (ETR, Elettrotreno rapido) which had to be used on the most important long-haul ervices. The train was built by [Società Italiana Ernesto Breda] and the first unit, no. 301, was delivered to FS on 21 November 1952. It was nicknamed "Settebello" because of its luxury interior design and furniture and because it was compoed of seven cars. The second unit, no. 302, entered sevice in March 1953, while the last one, no. 303, was launched in february 1959. [2] It started running between Milan and Naples, but in 1955 the service, which offered only 160 fisrt class seats (then the capacity increased to 190 in 1959), was shortened to Rome. The train could reach the speed of 160 km/h (100 mph) and it ran between the terminus in five hours and forty five minutes. The Settebello was considered one of the symbols of the Italian economical and industrial development and welfare after the war. In 1969 the train was upgraded: new engines (more powerful than the former ones), new boogies and a new safety system were installed in order to make it reach a maximum speed of 200 km/h (120 mph), at which the train never actually ran. On 26 May 1974 the train started operating as TEE "Settebello" as part of the Trans Europ Express network, but the service ended on 3rd June 1984 and, from that date, the sets were used for less important trains between Milan, Venice, Florence and Genoa. In 1992 the trains were retired from regular passenger service.[3] and the ETR 300 series was removed from service on that route (Milan–Rome).[2] They remained in service elsewhere until 1988, when they were permanently retired. In 1998, two of the three trainsets were scrapped, leaving only number ETR 302 surviving, and used for occasional display or private hire.[2] The train still survives, but has been heavily vandalized with broken parts and graffiti, and is also slowly rusting away.[4] After a long period, on August, 2016 the train was rescued by Fondazione FS Italiane and it will be restored and will have new technologies, like Wi-Fi internet.

Arlecchino (ETR 250)

A shorter, four-car version, the ETR 250, called "Arlecchino" ("Harlequin"), was built in the late 1950s and used until the 1990s. The surviving unit, ETR 252, is under restoration and will be used for historic trains.

References

  1. ^ Nock, O.S. (1978). "The Settebello: speed and luxury", in World Atlas of Railways, pp. 118–119. New York: Mayflower Books (original publisher: Artists House, London, UK). ISBN 0-8317-9500-X.
  2. ^ a b c d Innocenti, Marco (20 November 2008). "21 novembre 1952: debutta il Settebello" [21 November 1952: The debut of the Settebello]. Il Sole 24 Ore (in Italian). Milan, Italy. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  3. ^ "Summer services, 1984" (changes taking effect). Thomas Cook Continental Timetable (May 1–June 2, 1984 edition), p. 64; also pp. 65–66 Peterborough, UK: Thomas Cook Publishing.
  4. ^ Giampaolo Grilli (2016-04-08), ETR 302 SETTEBELLO - 2016_04_07, retrieved 2016-11-21

Media related to ETR 300 at Wikimedia Commons

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