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|Ship launched= 22 December 2014<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.andina.com.pe/Ingles/noticia-peru-president-attends-training-ship-union-launching-event-536579.aspx|title=Peru President attends Training Ship "Unión" launching event |publisher=andina.com.pe|date=December 22, 2014}}</ref>
|Ship launched= 22 December 2014<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.andina.com.pe/Ingles/noticia-peru-president-attends-training-ship-union-launching-event-536579.aspx|title=Peru President attends Training Ship "Unión" launching event |publisher=andina.com.pe|date=December 22, 2014}}</ref>
|Ship acquired=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned= 27 January 2016<ref name="commission">{{cite news|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57444/peruvian-navy-set-to-receive-bap-un|title=Peruvian Navy set to receive BAP {{sic|nolink=y|Union}}|publisher=janes.com (cache) |date=January 24, 2016 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126084952/http://www.janes.com/article/57444/peruvian-navy-set-to-receive-bap-union|archivedate=January 26, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://navaltoday.com/2016/01/31/peruvian-navy-launches-new-training-ship/|title=Peruvian Navy, in collaboration with the Spanish Navy, has commissioned their new training ship Unión|publisher=navaltoday.com|date=January 31, 2016}}</ref>
|Ship commissioned= 27 January 2016<ref name="commission">{{cite news|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57444/peruvian-navy-set-to-receive-bap-un|title=Peruvian Navy set to receive BAP {{sic|nolink=y|Union}}|publisher=janes.com (cache) |date=January 24, 2016 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126084952/http://www.janes.com/article/57444/peruvian-navy-set-to-receive-bap-union|archivedate=January 26, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://navaltoday.com/2016/01/31/peruvian-navy-launches-new-training-ship/|title=Peruvian Navy, in collaboration with the Spanish Navy, has commissioned their new training ship Unión|publisher=navaltoday.com|date=January 31, 2016}}</ref>
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship in service=
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|Header caption=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Barque]]
|Ship type=[[Barque]]
|Ship displacement= 3,200 t<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="tonne">{{cite news|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57575/peru-commissions-training-sail-ship-as-local-naval-shipbuilding-progresses|title=Peru commissions training sail ship as local naval shipbuilding progresses|publisher=janes.com (cache) |date=January 28, 2016 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130085425/http://www.janes.com/article/57575/peru-commissions-training-sail-ship-as-local-naval-shipbuilding-progresses|archivedate=January 30, 2016}}</ref>
|Ship displacement= 3,200 t<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="tonne">{{cite news|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57575/peru-commissions-training-sail-ship-as-local-naval-shipbuilding-progresses|title=Peru commissions training sail ship as local naval shipbuilding progresses|publisher=janes.com (cache) |date=January 28, 2016 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130085425/http://www.janes.com/article/57575/peru-commissions-training-sail-ship-as-local-naval-shipbuilding-progresses|archivedate=January 30, 2016}}</ref>
|Ship length= {{convert|115.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="specifications">{{cite news|url=http://www.naval-technology.com/news/newsperuvian-navy-commissions-new-training-ship-4797853|title=Peruvian Navy commissions new training ship|publisher=naval-technology.com|date=February 1, 2016}}</ref><ref name="length"/><ref name="Sima characteristics"/>
|Ship length= {{convert|115.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="specifications">{{cite news|url=http://www.naval-technology.com/news/newsperuvian-navy-commissions-new-training-ship-4797853|title=Peruvian Navy commissions new training ship|publisher=naval-technology.com|date=February 1, 2016}}</ref><ref name="length"/><ref name="Sima characteristics"/>
|Ship beam= {{convert|13.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="Sima characteristics"/>
|Ship beam= {{convert|13.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}<ref name="Sima characteristics"/>
|Ship draft= {{convert|6.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft= {{convert|6.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion= Caterpillar 3516H engine,<ref name="data"/> a BERG propeller, a Rolls Royce maneuvering propeller and a Reintjes LAF-863L gearbox
|Ship propulsion= Caterpillar 3516H engine,<ref name="data"/> a BERG propeller, a Rolls Royce maneuvering propeller and a Reintjes LAF-863L gearbox
|Ship speed= {{convert|12|kn|kph|lk=in}}<ref name="speed">{{cite news|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias/3410|title=Defense minister oversaw the latest advances in the construction of Sailing Ship "Unión"|publisher=marina.mil.pe (cache) |date=January 28, 2016|language=Spanish|deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130085425/http://www.janes.com/article/57575/peru-commissions-training-sail-ship-as-local-naval-shipbuilding-progresses|archivedate=January 30, 2016}}</ref>
|Ship speed= {{convert|12|kn|kph|lk=in}}<ref name="speed">{{cite news|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias/3410|title=Defense minister oversaw the latest advances in the construction of Sailing Ship "Unión"|publisher=marina.mil.pe (cache) |date=January 28, 2016|language=Spanish|url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130085425/http://www.janes.com/article/57575/peru-commissions-training-sail-ship-as-local-naval-shipbuilding-progresses|archivedate=January 30, 2016}}</ref>
|Ship range=
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=
|Ship complement=
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'''BAP ''Unión''''' is a [[training ship]] of the [[Peruvian Navy]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.janes.com/article/46823/peru-continues-to-rejuvenate-its-naval-capability|title=Peru continues to rejuvenate its naval capability|publisher=janes.com (cache)|date=December 8, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429095441/http://www.janes.com/article/46823/peru-continues-to-rejuvenate-its-naval-capability|archivedate=April 29, 2015|df=}}</ref> built between 2012–2015 by Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as [[SIMA]].<ref name="Navy Grau">{{cite news|url=http://www.livinginperu.com/the-peruvian-navy-takes-charge-107745/|title=The Peruvian Navy takes charge |publisher=peruthisweek.com|date=October 5, 2015}}</ref> It is a four-masted, steel-[[hull (watercraft)|hulled]], class "A" [[barque]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/vessels/definition-of-a-tall-ship|title=Definition of a Tall Ship|publisher=Sail Training International}}</ref> composed of 38 steel modules.<ref name="Sima characteristics">{{cite news|url=http://www.sima.com.pe/transparencia/mapafonafesp/3200_SimaPer%C3%BA_II_Memoria_Anual_2016.pdf|title=Memoria Anual 2016|publisher=sima.com.pe|date=December 2016|language=Spanish}}</ref> It has a total length (including [[bowsprit]]) of {{convert|115.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}};<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="length"/><ref name="Sima characteristics"/> a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|13.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}};<ref name="Sima characteristics"/> a [[Draft (nautical)|draft]] of {{convert|6.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; an [[air draft]] of {{convert|53.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; a [[Displacement (ship)|displacement]] of 3,200 [[metric tonne]]s;<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="tonne"/> a speed of {{convert|12|kn|kph|lk=in}} and a crew of 250 officers and trainees.<ref name="Sima characteristics"/> The ship's name honors<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.efe.com/efe/english/portada/latin-america-s-largest-sail-training-ship-docks-in-puerto-rico/50000260-3031052|title=Latin America's largest sail training ship docks in Puerto Rico|publisher=efe.com|date=September 4, 2016}}</ref> a Peruvian [[corvette]] that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 [[Naval Campaign of the War of the Pacific|War of the Pacific]] as part of a naval squadron under the command of [[Miguel Grau]], a hero of the Peruvian Navy.<ref name="Grau Hero">{{cite news|url=http://www.andina.com.pe/agencia/noticia-peru-pays-tribute-to-hero-miguel-grau-and-battle-of-angamos-477628.aspx|title=Peru pays tribute to hero Miguel Grau and Battle of Angamos|publisher=andina.com.pe|date=October 8, 2013}}</ref>
'''BAP ''Unión''''' is a [[training ship]] of the [[Peruvian Navy]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.janes.com/article/46823/peru-continues-to-rejuvenate-its-naval-capability|title=Peru continues to rejuvenate its naval capability|publisher=janes.com (cache)|date=December 8, 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429095441/http://www.janes.com/article/46823/peru-continues-to-rejuvenate-its-naval-capability|archivedate=April 29, 2015}}</ref> built between 2012–2015 by Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as [[SIMA]].<ref name="Navy Grau">{{cite news|url=http://www.livinginperu.com/the-peruvian-navy-takes-charge-107745/|title=The Peruvian Navy takes charge |publisher=peruthisweek.com|date=October 5, 2015}}</ref> It is a four-masted, steel-[[hull (watercraft)|hulled]], class "A" [[barque]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/vessels/definition-of-a-tall-ship|title=Definition of a Tall Ship|publisher=Sail Training International}}</ref> composed of 38 steel modules.<ref name="Sima characteristics">{{cite news|url=http://www.sima.com.pe/transparencia/mapafonafesp/3200_SimaPer%C3%BA_II_Memoria_Anual_2016.pdf|title=Memoria Anual 2016|publisher=sima.com.pe|date=December 2016|language=Spanish}}</ref> It has a total length (including [[bowsprit]]) of {{convert|115.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}};<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="length"/><ref name="Sima characteristics"/> a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|13.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}};<ref name="Sima characteristics"/> a [[Draft (nautical)|draft]] of {{convert|6.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; an [[air draft]] of {{convert|53.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; a [[Displacement (ship)|displacement]] of 3,200 [[metric tonne]]s;<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="tonne"/> a speed of {{convert|12|kn|kph|lk=in}} and a crew of 250 officers and trainees.<ref name="Sima characteristics"/> The ship's name honors<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.efe.com/efe/english/portada/latin-america-s-largest-sail-training-ship-docks-in-puerto-rico/50000260-3031052|title=Latin America's largest sail training ship docks in Puerto Rico|publisher=efe.com|date=September 4, 2016}}</ref> a Peruvian [[corvette]] that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 [[Naval Campaign of the War of the Pacific|War of the Pacific]] as part of a naval squadron under the command of [[Miguel Grau]], a hero of the Peruvian Navy.<ref name="Grau Hero">{{cite news|url=http://www.andina.com.pe/agencia/noticia-peru-pays-tribute-to-hero-miguel-grau-and-battle-of-angamos-477628.aspx|title=Peru pays tribute to hero Miguel Grau and Battle of Angamos|publisher=andina.com.pe|date=October 8, 2013}}</ref>


Like other similar ships, ''Unión'' has been conceived not only for training purposes, but also to be a sailing ambassador for its home country.<ref name="Sail ambassador">{{cite web|url=http://www.usil.edu.pe/en/news/usil-present-perus-first-travelling-embassy-peruvian-navys-bap-union-training-ship|title=USIL present on Peru’s first travelling embassy, the Peruvian Navy’s BAP Unión training ship|publisher=USIL|date=June 13, 2017}}</ref> Due to its features and dimensions, it has been considered (as of the date it was commissioned) the largest sail vessel in [[Latin America]].<ref name="length">{{cite news|url=http://www.latinpost.com/articles/112168/20160128/new-peruvian-training-ship-uni%C3%B3n-largest-of-its-kind-in-latin-america.htm|title=New Peruvian Training Ship Unión Largest of its Kind in Latin America|publisher=latinpost.com|date=January 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-the-pride-of-the-peruvian-navy-the-bap-union-107058 |title=The Pride of the Peruvian Navy: The BAP Unión |publisher=peruthisweek.com (cache) |date=July 20, 2015 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150816034049/http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-the-pride-of-the-peruvian-navy-the-bap-union-107058 |archivedate=August 16, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://cimsec.org/latin-americas-training-vessels/25590|title=Latin America’s Training Vessels|publisher=cimsec.org|date=June 6, 2016}}</ref>
Like other similar ships, ''Unión'' has been conceived not only for training purposes, but also to be a sailing ambassador for its home country.<ref name="Sail ambassador">{{cite web|url=http://www.usil.edu.pe/en/news/usil-present-perus-first-travelling-embassy-peruvian-navys-bap-union-training-ship|title=USIL present on Peru’s first travelling embassy, the Peruvian Navy’s BAP Unión training ship|publisher=USIL|date=June 13, 2017}}</ref> Due to its features and dimensions, it has been considered (as of the date it was commissioned) the largest sail vessel in [[Latin America]].<ref name="length">{{cite news|url=http://www.latinpost.com/articles/112168/20160128/new-peruvian-training-ship-uni%C3%B3n-largest-of-its-kind-in-latin-america.htm|title=New Peruvian Training Ship Unión Largest of its Kind in Latin America|publisher=latinpost.com|date=January 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-the-pride-of-the-peruvian-navy-the-bap-union-107058 |title=The Pride of the Peruvian Navy: The BAP Unión |publisher=peruthisweek.com (cache) |date=July 20, 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150816034049/http://www.peruthisweek.com/blogs-the-pride-of-the-peruvian-navy-the-bap-union-107058 |archivedate=August 16, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://cimsec.org/latin-americas-training-vessels/25590|title=Latin America’s Training Vessels|publisher=cimsec.org|date=June 6, 2016}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:BAP Unión en astillero SIMA.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Under construction in dry dock at [[SIMA]]]]
[[File:BAP Unión en astillero SIMA.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Under construction in dry dock at [[SIMA]]]]
For a long time, the [[Peruvian Navy]] desired a [[training ship]] for instruction of its cadets. Accordingly, the Peruvian government enacted 1985 Law N° 24094,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/Leyes/24094.pdf |title=Law N° 24094 |publisher=Peruvian Congress |date=February 8, 1985 |language=Spanish |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075338/http://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/Leyes/24094.pdf |archivedate=2016-03-04 |df= }}</ref> which declared as a public necessity the navy having this kind of ship. However, due to the economic [[Economy of Peru#The 1980s|crisis]] of debt and hyper-inflation Peru suffered at the end of the 1980s,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://international.ucla.edu/institute/article/19898|title=Peru's Debt Crisis and Subsequent Shock Economy|publisher=UCLA International Institute|date=February 4, 2005}}</ref> and later for public spending restraints, the project was postponed.
For a long time, the [[Peruvian Navy]] desired a [[training ship]] for instruction of its cadets. Accordingly, the Peruvian government enacted 1985 Law N° 24094,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/Leyes/24094.pdf |title=Law N° 24094 |publisher=Peruvian Congress |date=February 8, 1985 |language=Spanish |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075338/http://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/Leyes/24094.pdf |archivedate=2016-03-04 }}</ref> which declared as a public necessity the navy having this kind of ship. However, due to the economic [[Economy of Peru#The 1980s|crisis]] of debt and hyper-inflation Peru suffered at the end of the 1980s,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://international.ucla.edu/institute/article/19898|title=Peru's Debt Crisis and Subsequent Shock Economy|publisher=UCLA International Institute|date=February 4, 2005}}</ref> and later for public spending restraints, the project was postponed.


Eventually, in 2010 the project was approved and the construction was authorized.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=8157|title=La Marina de Guerra del Perú realizó la botadura del buque escuela a vela BAP "Unión"|archive-url=https://archive.is/20160128165436/http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=8157|publisher=gacetamarinera.com.ar|language=Spanish|dead-url=yes |archive-date=January 28, 2016|date=July 1, 2015}}</ref> In 2012 the Peruvian government announced its decision to order the ship's construction to the Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as [[SIMA]]; in cooperation with the Government of Spain,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://archivo.larepublica.pe/12-11-2012/gobierno-espanol-cooperara-con-peru-en-construccion-de-buque-escuela|title=Government of Spain will cooperate in Peruvian training ship construction|publisher=larepublica.pe (cache) |date=November 12, 2012|language=Spanish|deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412182214/http://www.larepublica.pe/12-11-2012/gobierno-espanol-cooperara-con-peru-en-construccion-de-buque-escuela|archivedate=April 12, 2013}}</ref> through the contractors Cypsa Ingenieros Navales and [[Navantia]], which were responsible for the ship´s structural design.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/vigo/2013/11/07/empresa-vigo-disena-mayor-buque-escuela-mundo/0003_201311V7C1995.htm|title=Empresa de vigo diseña mayor buque escuela |publisher=lavozdegalicia.es|date=November 7, 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cypsa.com.es/eng/index.html|title=Cypsa Ingenieros Navales |publisher=cypsa.com.es|date=July 17, 2017}}</ref> The governmente named the ship as ''Union'' to honors a Peruvian [[corvette]] that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 [[Naval Campaign of the War of the Pacific|War of the Pacific]] as part of a naval squadron under the command of [[Miguel Grau]], a hero of the Peruvian Navy.<ref name="Grau Hero"/> On December 8, 2012 ''Unión''{{'}}s construction began with a [[keel laying]] ceremony in the presence of Peruvian president [[Ollanta Humala]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://diariocorreo.pe/politica/humala-justifica-retraso-a-ceremonia-por-med-203944/|title=Humala justifica retraso a ceremonia por medidas que va a tomar |publisher=diariocorreo.pe|date=December 8, 2012|language=Spanish}}</ref> The [[Hull (watercraft)|hull]] was finished two years later and the ship was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on December 22, 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://peru21.pe/politica/ollanta-humala-participo-lanzamiento-mar-buque-escuela-vela-union-2207394|title=Ollanta Humala participó en lanzamiento a mar de buque escuela a vela Unión |publisher=peru21.pe|date=December 23, 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref>
Eventually, in 2010 the project was approved and the construction was authorized.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=8157|title=La Marina de Guerra del Perú realizó la botadura del buque escuela a vela BAP "Unión"|archive-url=https://archive.is/20160128165436/http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=8157|publisher=gacetamarinera.com.ar|language=Spanish|url-status=dead |archive-date=January 28, 2016|date=July 1, 2015}}</ref> In 2012 the Peruvian government announced its decision to order the ship's construction to the Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as [[SIMA]]; in cooperation with the Government of Spain,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://archivo.larepublica.pe/12-11-2012/gobierno-espanol-cooperara-con-peru-en-construccion-de-buque-escuela|title=Government of Spain will cooperate in Peruvian training ship construction|publisher=larepublica.pe (cache) |date=November 12, 2012|language=Spanish|url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412182214/http://www.larepublica.pe/12-11-2012/gobierno-espanol-cooperara-con-peru-en-construccion-de-buque-escuela|archivedate=April 12, 2013}}</ref> through the contractors Cypsa Ingenieros Navales and [[Navantia]], which were responsible for the ship´s structural design.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/vigo/2013/11/07/empresa-vigo-disena-mayor-buque-escuela-mundo/0003_201311V7C1995.htm|title=Empresa de vigo diseña mayor buque escuela |publisher=lavozdegalicia.es|date=November 7, 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cypsa.com.es/eng/index.html|title=Cypsa Ingenieros Navales |publisher=cypsa.com.es|date=July 17, 2017}}</ref> The governmente named the ship as ''Union'' to honors a Peruvian [[corvette]] that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 [[Naval Campaign of the War of the Pacific|War of the Pacific]] as part of a naval squadron under the command of [[Miguel Grau]], a hero of the Peruvian Navy.<ref name="Grau Hero"/> On December 8, 2012 ''Unión''{{'}}s construction began with a [[keel laying]] ceremony in the presence of Peruvian president [[Ollanta Humala]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://diariocorreo.pe/politica/humala-justifica-retraso-a-ceremonia-por-med-203944/|title=Humala justifica retraso a ceremonia por medidas que va a tomar |publisher=diariocorreo.pe|date=December 8, 2012|language=Spanish}}</ref> The [[Hull (watercraft)|hull]] was finished two years later and the ship was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on December 22, 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://peru21.pe/politica/ollanta-humala-participo-lanzamiento-mar-buque-escuela-vela-union-2207394|title=Ollanta Humala participó en lanzamiento a mar de buque escuela a vela Unión |publisher=peru21.pe|date=December 23, 2014|language=Spanish}}</ref>


In June 2015, the ship received its [[Mast (sailing)|masts]] and [[propeller]]; and the interior fitout began in charge of contractors Acopafi and MO Contract. Also, according to an agreement between SIMA and Navantia, the ship was provided with an "Integrated Control System Platform, Navigation and Communications".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.navantia.es/noticia.php?id_noti=347|title=Acuerdo de colaboración de NAVANTIA y el Astillero de la Marina de Guerra del Perú|publisher=navantia.es|date=January 22, 2015|language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/160460/navantia-teams-with-peru-shipyard-for-naval-bids.html|title=Navantia Signs Partnership Agreement with Navy of Peru Shipyard|publisher=defense-aerospace.com|date=January 22, 2015}}</ref>
In June 2015, the ship received its [[Mast (sailing)|masts]] and [[propeller]]; and the interior fitout began in charge of contractors Acopafi and MO Contract. Also, according to an agreement between SIMA and Navantia, the ship was provided with an "Integrated Control System Platform, Navigation and Communications".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.navantia.es/noticia.php?id_noti=347|title=Acuerdo de colaboración de NAVANTIA y el Astillero de la Marina de Guerra del Perú|publisher=navantia.es|date=January 22, 2015|language=Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/160460/navantia-teams-with-peru-shipyard-for-naval-bids.html|title=Navantia Signs Partnership Agreement with Navy of Peru Shipyard|publisher=defense-aerospace.com|date=January 22, 2015}}</ref>
Line 81: Line 81:


=== Specifications ===
=== Specifications ===
BAP ''Unión'' is a four-masted [[barque]] with a hull composed of 38 steel modules.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/notas-de-prensa/213|title=Nota de Prensa Nro 086 – Bautizo y Lanzamiento BAP Unión|publisher=marina.mil.pe (cache) |date=December 22, 2014|language=Spanish|deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305033021/https://www.marina.mil.pe/notas-de-prensa/213|archivedate=March 5, 2016}}</ref> It has a total length (including [[bowsprit]]) of {{convert|115.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}};<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="length"/> a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|13.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; a [[Draft (nautical)|draft]] of {{convert|6.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; an [[air draft]] of {{convert|53.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; a [[Displacement (ship)|displacement]] of 3,200 [[metric tonne]]s;<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="tonne"/> a speed of {{convert|12|kn|kph|lk=in}}<ref name="speed"/> and a crew of 250 officers and trainees.<ref name="Sima characteristics"/>
BAP ''Unión'' is a four-masted [[barque]] with a hull composed of 38 steel modules.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/notas-de-prensa/213|title=Nota de Prensa Nro 086 – Bautizo y Lanzamiento BAP Unión|publisher=marina.mil.pe (cache) |date=December 22, 2014|language=Spanish|url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305033021/https://www.marina.mil.pe/notas-de-prensa/213|archivedate=March 5, 2016}}</ref> It has a total length (including [[bowsprit]]) of {{convert|115.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}};<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="length"/> a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|13.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; a [[Draft (nautical)|draft]] of {{convert|6.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; an [[air draft]] of {{convert|53.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}; a [[Displacement (ship)|displacement]] of 3,200 [[metric tonne]]s;<ref name="specifications"/><ref name="tonne"/> a speed of {{convert|12|kn|kph|lk=in}}<ref name="speed"/> and a crew of 250 officers and trainees.<ref name="Sima characteristics"/>


The ship's propulsion is supported by a [[Diesel engine|diesel]] Caterpillar 3516H engine,<ref name="data">{{cite news|url=http://www.defensa.com/frontend/defensa/lanzamiento-buque-escuela-vela-union-marina-guerra-peru-vn14253-vst336|title=Launch of the Sailing Ship {{sic|nolink=y|"Union"}} of the Navy of Peru|publisher=defensa.com|date=December 23, 2014}}</ref> a BERG propeller, a Rolls Royce maneuvering propeller and a Reintjes LAF-863L gearbox.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hardcoconsulting.com/boletin-22-hardco-consulting-cierra-la-venta-transmisiones-reintjes-para-el-buque-escuela-la-union/|title=Boletin 22 – Hardco Consulting cierra la venta transmisiones Reintjess para el Buque Escuela Unión|publisher=hardcoconsulting.com|date=December 2, 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> Its sail rig is composed of 34 sails from sailmaking company Wienecke, arranged in bowsprit mast (5), foresail mast (9), mainmast (9), mizzenmast (8) and jiggermast (3), with a total sail area of approximately {{convert|3,402|m2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="sail"/>
The ship's propulsion is supported by a [[Diesel engine|diesel]] Caterpillar 3516H engine,<ref name="data">{{cite news|url=http://www.defensa.com/frontend/defensa/lanzamiento-buque-escuela-vela-union-marina-guerra-peru-vn14253-vst336|title=Launch of the Sailing Ship {{sic|nolink=y|"Union"}} of the Navy of Peru|publisher=defensa.com|date=December 23, 2014}}</ref> a BERG propeller, a Rolls Royce maneuvering propeller and a Reintjes LAF-863L gearbox.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hardcoconsulting.com/boletin-22-hardco-consulting-cierra-la-venta-transmisiones-reintjes-para-el-buque-escuela-la-union/|title=Boletin 22 – Hardco Consulting cierra la venta transmisiones Reintjess para el Buque Escuela Unión|publisher=hardcoconsulting.com|date=December 2, 2013|language=Spanish}}</ref> Its sail rig is composed of 34 sails from sailmaking company Wienecke, arranged in bowsprit mast (5), foresail mast (9), mainmast (9), mizzenmast (8) and jiggermast (3), with a total sail area of approximately {{convert|3,402|m2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="sail"/>
Line 89: Line 89:
=== Figurehead ===
=== Figurehead ===


The ship's [[Figurehead (object)|figurehead]] was made of bronze by the Peruvian sculptor Pilar Martínez Woodman, and it features several symbols of the [[Inca Empire|Inca culture]] that previously existed in what is now Peru. As the main element it shows the image of the [[Sapa Inca]] (emperor) [[Topa Inca Yupanqui|Tupac Yupanqui]], known as "The Shining", who appears with his right arm raised to the image of the Inca sun god [[Inti]]; and who is placed over a representation of the archeological artefact known the [[twelve-angled stone]]. The Sapa Inca wears a checkered cloth and a cape that depicts ocean waves. He also wears two [[cougar|puma]] heads (the puma was a sacred animal in Inca culture)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.machupicchu.org/religious_significance_in_machu_picchu.htm|title=Religious significance in Machu Picchu|website=www.machupicchu.org|publisher=PeruForLess|access-date=February 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lateinamerika-studien.at/content/lehrgang/lg_mader/lg_mader-473.html|title=La trilogía inca: El cóndor, el puma y la serpiente|website=www.lateinamerika-studien.at.pe|publisher=Lateinamerika-Studien Online|access-date=February 16, 2016|language=Spanish}}</ref> as knee guards. His head is adorned with the [[mascapaicha]] (the Inca crown); and the shield he holds has the image of two rhombuses that represent the Inca Empire, known as [[Inca Empire|Tawantinsuyu]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://larepublica.pe/turismo/personajes/734771-tupac-yupanqui-el-mascaron-de-proa-del-buque-escuela-vela-union|title=Túpac Yupanqui, el mascarón de proa del buque escuela vela Unión|publisher=larepublica.pe|date=January 19, 2016|language=Spanish|access-date=January 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121022811/http://larepublica.pe/turismo/personajes/734771-tupac-yupanqui-el-mascaron-de-proa-del-buque-escuela-vela-union|archive-date=January 21, 2016|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sima.com.pe/noticia1.asp?tn=255|title=Visita del Premier y el Ministro de Defensa al Buque Escuela a Vela|publisher=sima.com.pe (cache) |date=January 26, 2016|language=Spanish|deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055336/http://www.sima.com.pe/noticia1.asp?tn=255|archivedate=March 4, 2016}}</ref>
The ship's [[Figurehead (object)|figurehead]] was made of bronze by the Peruvian sculptor Pilar Martínez Woodman, and it features several symbols of the [[Inca Empire|Inca culture]] that previously existed in what is now Peru. As the main element it shows the image of the [[Sapa Inca]] (emperor) [[Topa Inca Yupanqui|Tupac Yupanqui]], known as "The Shining", who appears with his right arm raised to the image of the Inca sun god [[Inti]]; and who is placed over a representation of the archeological artefact known the [[twelve-angled stone]]. The Sapa Inca wears a checkered cloth and a cape that depicts ocean waves. He also wears two [[cougar|puma]] heads (the puma was a sacred animal in Inca culture)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.machupicchu.org/religious_significance_in_machu_picchu.htm|title=Religious significance in Machu Picchu|website=www.machupicchu.org|publisher=PeruForLess|access-date=February 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lateinamerika-studien.at/content/lehrgang/lg_mader/lg_mader-473.html|title=La trilogía inca: El cóndor, el puma y la serpiente|website=www.lateinamerika-studien.at.pe|publisher=Lateinamerika-Studien Online|access-date=February 16, 2016|language=Spanish}}</ref> as knee guards. His head is adorned with the [[mascapaicha]] (the Inca crown); and the shield he holds has the image of two rhombuses that represent the Inca Empire, known as [[Inca Empire|Tawantinsuyu]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://larepublica.pe/turismo/personajes/734771-tupac-yupanqui-el-mascaron-de-proa-del-buque-escuela-vela-union|title=Túpac Yupanqui, el mascarón de proa del buque escuela vela Unión|publisher=larepublica.pe|date=January 19, 2016|language=Spanish|access-date=January 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121022811/http://larepublica.pe/turismo/personajes/734771-tupac-yupanqui-el-mascaron-de-proa-del-buque-escuela-vela-union|archive-date=January 21, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sima.com.pe/noticia1.asp?tn=255|title=Visita del Premier y el Ministro de Defensa al Buque Escuela a Vela|publisher=sima.com.pe (cache) |date=January 26, 2016|language=Spanish|url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055336/http://www.sima.com.pe/noticia1.asp?tn=255|archivedate=March 4, 2016}}</ref>


===Escutcheon===
===Escutcheon===
Line 101: Line 101:
[[File:Tripulación del BAP Unión.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''Unión''{{'}}s crew with Peruvian defense minister in November 2017]]
[[File:Tripulación del BAP Unión.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''Unión''{{'}}s crew with Peruvian defense minister in November 2017]]


''Unión''{{'}}s first training cruise abroad was in July 2016.<ref name="First trip"/> The journey, which was officially named as "VIEX 2016", [[acronym]] in Spanish of "Viaje de Instrucción al Extranjero 2016" (Training Trip Abroad 2016), had a length of three months, in which the ''Unión'' crew visited the ports of Guayaquil (Ecuador), Cartagena (Colombia), San Juan (Puerto Rico), La Habana (Cuba), Miami (United States), Veracruz (Mexico) and Balboa (Panama), before to returning to its base in [[Callao]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2016/09/04/latin-america-largest-sail-training-ship-docks-in-puerto-rico/|title=Latin America's largest sail training ship docks in Puerto Rico|publisher=foxnews.com (cache)|date=September 4, 2016|language=Spanish|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909064843/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2016/09/04/latin-america-largest-sail-training-ship-docks-in-puerto-rico/|archivedate=September 9, 2016|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/article102481827.html|title=The Peruvian navy is here and glad to see us |publisher=miamiherald.com|date=September 17, 2016}}</ref> The crew and navy cadets received instruction in naval exercises and maneuvers, as well as showing people abroad several elements of Peruvian culture.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.defensa.com/frontend/defensa/bap-union-marina-guerra-peru-zarpa-primera-travesia-vn19199-vst336|title=El BAP Unión de la Marina de Guerra del Perú zarpa en su primera travesía|publisher=defensa.com|date=July 27, 2016|language=Spanish}}</ref>
''Unión''{{'}}s first training cruise abroad was in July 2016.<ref name="First trip"/> The journey, which was officially named as "VIEX 2016", [[acronym]] in Spanish of "Viaje de Instrucción al Extranjero 2016" (Training Trip Abroad 2016), had a length of three months, in which the ''Unión'' crew visited the ports of Guayaquil (Ecuador), Cartagena (Colombia), San Juan (Puerto Rico), La Habana (Cuba), Miami (United States), Veracruz (Mexico) and Balboa (Panama), before to returning to its base in [[Callao]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2016/09/04/latin-america-largest-sail-training-ship-docks-in-puerto-rico/|title=Latin America's largest sail training ship docks in Puerto Rico|publisher=foxnews.com (cache)|date=September 4, 2016|language=Spanish|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909064843/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2016/09/04/latin-america-largest-sail-training-ship-docks-in-puerto-rico/|archivedate=September 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/article102481827.html|title=The Peruvian navy is here and glad to see us |publisher=miamiherald.com|date=September 17, 2016}}</ref> The crew and navy cadets received instruction in naval exercises and maneuvers, as well as showing people abroad several elements of Peruvian culture.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.defensa.com/frontend/defensa/bap-union-marina-guerra-peru-zarpa-primera-travesia-vn19199-vst336|title=El BAP Unión de la Marina de Guerra del Perú zarpa en su primera travesía|publisher=defensa.com|date=July 27, 2016|language=Spanish}}</ref>


In 2017 the Peruvian Navy organized the "VIEX 2017". As a part of this journey, ''Unión'' participated in Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta, a series of races organized by [[Sail Training International]], where the vessel won the race from [[Boston]] to [[Charlottetown]] ([[Gulf of Saint Lawrence]]) in Canada.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sailonboard.com/blog/rdv-2017-guest-port-1/|title=The Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta Guest Ports Programme: Spectacular Canada Day Celebrations with the Tall Ships|publisher=sailonboard.com|date=July 2, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/events/2017-canada-150-tall-ships-regatta/results/|title=The Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta Race Results|publisher=sailtraininginternational.org|date=July 2, 2017|access-date=July 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703191841/http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/events/2017-canada-150-tall-ships-regatta/results/|archive-date=July 3, 2017|dead-url=yes}}</ref> In this regatta the ship covered more than {{convert|450|nmi|km|lk=in}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.andina.com.pe/Ingles/noticia-perus-bap-union-wins-international-tall-ship-race-in-canada-672367.aspx|title=Peru's BAP Union wins international tall ship race in Canada|publisher=andina.com|date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> In July 2017 ''Unión'' docked in South Quay in [[Canary Wharf]], [[London]], on a trip to foster Anglo-Peruvian relations, the visit coinciding with Peru's national day on 28 July. The Peruvian Ambassador to the [[Court of St James's]] attended the vessel.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.wharf.co.uk/news/local-news/peruvian-tall-ship-union-arrives-13379229|title=Peruvian tall ship Union arrives in South Quay for six days|publisher=wharf.co.uk|date=July 24, 2017}}</ref>
In 2017 the Peruvian Navy organized the "VIEX 2017". As a part of this journey, ''Unión'' participated in Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta, a series of races organized by [[Sail Training International]], where the vessel won the race from [[Boston]] to [[Charlottetown]] ([[Gulf of Saint Lawrence]]) in Canada.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sailonboard.com/blog/rdv-2017-guest-port-1/|title=The Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta Guest Ports Programme: Spectacular Canada Day Celebrations with the Tall Ships|publisher=sailonboard.com|date=July 2, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/events/2017-canada-150-tall-ships-regatta/results/|title=The Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta Race Results|publisher=sailtraininginternational.org|date=July 2, 2017|access-date=July 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703191841/http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/events/2017-canada-150-tall-ships-regatta/results/|archive-date=July 3, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> In this regatta the ship covered more than {{convert|450|nmi|km|lk=in}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.andina.com.pe/Ingles/noticia-perus-bap-union-wins-international-tall-ship-race-in-canada-672367.aspx|title=Peru's BAP Union wins international tall ship race in Canada|publisher=andina.com|date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> In July 2017 ''Unión'' docked in South Quay in [[Canary Wharf]], [[London]], on a trip to foster Anglo-Peruvian relations, the visit coinciding with Peru's national day on 28 July. The Peruvian Ambassador to the [[Court of St James's]] attended the vessel.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.wharf.co.uk/news/local-news/peruvian-tall-ship-union-arrives-13379229|title=Peruvian tall ship Union arrives in South Quay for six days|publisher=wharf.co.uk|date=July 24, 2017}}</ref>


In 2018 ''Unión'' participated in the event "Velas Latinoamérica 2018" (Sails Latin America), an international sailing regatta held every four years for ships from some Latin American countries. As part of this, the vessel visited several ports including Valparaiso, Guayaquil, Balboa, Curazao, Cartagena and Veracruz.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tallshipsnetwork.com/series/velas-latinoamerica-2018/|title=Sailing Latin America 2018|publisher=tallshipsnetwork.com|date=March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.panamatoday.com/life-style/maritime-spirit-7-navies-latin-america-took-panamanian-streets-7280|title=The maritime spirit of 7 navies of Latin America took to Panamanian streets|publisher=panamatoday.com|date=July 8, 2018}}</ref>
In 2018 ''Unión'' participated in the event "Velas Latinoamérica 2018" (Sails Latin America), an international sailing regatta held every four years for ships from some Latin American countries. As part of this, the vessel visited several ports including Valparaiso, Guayaquil, Balboa, Curazao, Cartagena and Veracruz.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tallshipsnetwork.com/series/velas-latinoamerica-2018/|title=Sailing Latin America 2018|publisher=tallshipsnetwork.com|date=March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.panamatoday.com/life-style/maritime-spirit-7-navies-latin-america-took-panamanian-streets-7280|title=The maritime spirit of 7 navies of Latin America took to Panamanian streets|publisher=panamatoday.com|date=July 8, 2018}}</ref>

Revision as of 06:30, 27 September 2019

BAP Unión (BEV-161)
History
Peru
NameUnión
Ordered23 December 2010
BuilderSIMA, Callao, Peru
Laid down8 December 2012[1]
Launched22 December 2014[2]
Commissioned27 January 2016[3][4]
Identification
StatusIn active service
General characteristics
TypeBarque
Displacement3,200 t[5][6]
Length115.50 m (378 ft 11 in)[5][7][8]
Beam13.5 m (44 ft 3 in)[8]
Draft6.5 m (21 ft 4 in)
PropulsionCaterpillar 3516H engine,[9] a BERG propeller, a Rolls Royce maneuvering propeller and a Reintjes LAF-863L gearbox
Sail planFour-masted barque; 34 sails, total sail area of 3,402 m² (36,620 sq. ft.)[11]
Speed12 knots (22 km/h)[10]

BAP Unión is a training ship of the Peruvian Navy[12] built between 2012–2015 by Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as SIMA.[13] It is a four-masted, steel-hulled, class "A" barque,[14] composed of 38 steel modules.[8] It has a total length (including bowsprit) of 115.50 m (378 ft 11 in);[5][7][8] a beam of 13.50 m (44 ft 3 in);[8] a draft of 6.50 m (21 ft 4 in); an air draft of 53.50 m (175 ft 6 in); a displacement of 3,200 metric tonnes;[5][6] a speed of 12 knots (22 km/h) and a crew of 250 officers and trainees.[8] The ship's name honors[15] a Peruvian corvette that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 War of the Pacific as part of a naval squadron under the command of Miguel Grau, a hero of the Peruvian Navy.[16]

Like other similar ships, Unión has been conceived not only for training purposes, but also to be a sailing ambassador for its home country.[17] Due to its features and dimensions, it has been considered (as of the date it was commissioned) the largest sail vessel in Latin America.[7][18][19]

History

Under construction in dry dock at SIMA

For a long time, the Peruvian Navy desired a training ship for instruction of its cadets. Accordingly, the Peruvian government enacted 1985 Law N° 24094,[20] which declared as a public necessity the navy having this kind of ship. However, due to the economic crisis of debt and hyper-inflation Peru suffered at the end of the 1980s,[21] and later for public spending restraints, the project was postponed.

Eventually, in 2010 the project was approved and the construction was authorized.[22] In 2012 the Peruvian government announced its decision to order the ship's construction to the Shipyard Marine Industrial Services of Peru, known as SIMA; in cooperation with the Government of Spain,[23] through the contractors Cypsa Ingenieros Navales and Navantia, which were responsible for the ship´s structural design.[24][25] The governmente named the ship as Union to honors a Peruvian corvette that took part in the first stage of the 1879–1883 War of the Pacific as part of a naval squadron under the command of Miguel Grau, a hero of the Peruvian Navy.[16] On December 8, 2012 Unión's construction began with a keel laying ceremony in the presence of Peruvian president Ollanta Humala.[26] The hull was finished two years later and the ship was launched on December 22, 2014.[27]

In June 2015, the ship received its masts and propeller; and the interior fitout began in charge of contractors Acopafi and MO Contract. Also, according to an agreement between SIMA and Navantia, the ship was provided with an "Integrated Control System Platform, Navigation and Communications".[28][29]

Commissioning ceremony

While the ship was under construction, the Peruvian government arranged training for the future Unión's crew with the help of an instructor from the Spanish Navy[30] and by sending personnel to serve on training ships of other countries, such as the Mexican sailing ship ARM Cuauhtémoc.[31] Also, a Peruvian delegation was sent to take part in maintenance and repair works on Colombian sailing ship ARC Gloria.[32]

On January 27, 2016 BAP Unión was commissioned in an official flag raising ceremony held on its deck witnessed by the President Ollanta Humala, Jakke Valakivi, the Minister of Defense and Admiral Edmundo Deville, the Commander of the Navy.[3][33] Captain Gianfranco Polar Figari was named to be the first captain of the ship, who conducted the sea trials of the vessel in June 2016.[34]

BAP Unión's first training cruise abroad began on July 27, 2016.[35][36] The set sailing ceremony was attended by Pedro Cateriano, the President of the Council of Ministers, Jakke Valakivi, the Minister of Defense, Ana María Sanchez, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Admiral Edmundo Deville, the Commander of the Navy, among other authorities.[37]

Characteristics

BAP Unión in Callao, Perú
Figurehead
Escutcheon

Although the main purpose of Unión is to serve as a training ship for the Peruvian Navy, it has also been conceived to be a sailing ambassador for her home country.[17] Due to its features and dimensions, it has been considered (as of the date it was commissioned) the largest sail vessel in Latin America.

Specifications

BAP Unión is a four-masted barque with a hull composed of 38 steel modules.[38] It has a total length (including bowsprit) of 115.50 m (378 ft 11 in);[5][7] a beam of 13.50 m (44 ft 3 in); a draft of 6.50 m (21 ft 4 in); an air draft of 53.50 m (175 ft 6 in); a displacement of 3,200 metric tonnes;[5][6] a speed of 12 knots (22 km/h)[10] and a crew of 250 officers and trainees.[8]

The ship's propulsion is supported by a diesel Caterpillar 3516H engine,[9] a BERG propeller, a Rolls Royce maneuvering propeller and a Reintjes LAF-863L gearbox.[39] Its sail rig is composed of 34 sails from sailmaking company Wienecke, arranged in bowsprit mast (5), foresail mast (9), mainmast (9), mizzenmast (8) and jiggermast (3), with a total sail area of approximately 3,402 m2 (36,620 sq ft).[11]

BAP Unión is also equipped with AZCUE pumps for different applications including: BT-IL45D4-F, BT-HM25D4, KL30S40, LN-VP-40-160, CA-50-3, CA-40-1, MO-11/20, MO-19/20.[40]

Figurehead

The ship's figurehead was made of bronze by the Peruvian sculptor Pilar Martínez Woodman, and it features several symbols of the Inca culture that previously existed in what is now Peru. As the main element it shows the image of the Sapa Inca (emperor) Tupac Yupanqui, known as "The Shining", who appears with his right arm raised to the image of the Inca sun god Inti; and who is placed over a representation of the archeological artefact known the twelve-angled stone. The Sapa Inca wears a checkered cloth and a cape that depicts ocean waves. He also wears two puma heads (the puma was a sacred animal in Inca culture)[41][42] as knee guards. His head is adorned with the mascapaicha (the Inca crown); and the shield he holds has the image of two rhombuses that represent the Inca Empire, known as Tawantinsuyu.[43][44]

Escutcheon

Unión's escutcheon depicts the ship sailing over the ocean with the motto Cudendum Character Nautarum ("forging sailors' character") written in Latin below. It also contains an image of the sky with representations of the constellations Ursa minor and Crux. Over the escutcheon is the image of a bright sun and the legend "Marina de Guerra del Perú" (Navy of Peru) and below the name and number of the ship.[45]

Interior equipment for training

Due to its use as a training ship, Unión's interior includes an auditorium, a library, a computing platform and classrooms to instruct cadets in astronomic navigation; meteorology; oceanography; hydrography; and naval operations and maneuvers.[7][46]

Voyages and trophies

In the Port of Hamburg on 3 August 2017
Unión's crew with Peruvian defense minister in November 2017

Unión's first training cruise abroad was in July 2016.[35] The journey, which was officially named as "VIEX 2016", acronym in Spanish of "Viaje de Instrucción al Extranjero 2016" (Training Trip Abroad 2016), had a length of three months, in which the Unión crew visited the ports of Guayaquil (Ecuador), Cartagena (Colombia), San Juan (Puerto Rico), La Habana (Cuba), Miami (United States), Veracruz (Mexico) and Balboa (Panama), before to returning to its base in Callao.[47][48] The crew and navy cadets received instruction in naval exercises and maneuvers, as well as showing people abroad several elements of Peruvian culture.[49]

In 2017 the Peruvian Navy organized the "VIEX 2017". As a part of this journey, Unión participated in Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta, a series of races organized by Sail Training International, where the vessel won the race from Boston to Charlottetown (Gulf of Saint Lawrence) in Canada.[50][51] In this regatta the ship covered more than 450 nautical miles (830 km).[52] In July 2017 Unión docked in South Quay in Canary Wharf, London, on a trip to foster Anglo-Peruvian relations, the visit coinciding with Peru's national day on 28 July. The Peruvian Ambassador to the Court of St James's attended the vessel.[53]

In 2018 Unión participated in the event "Velas Latinoamérica 2018" (Sails Latin America), an international sailing regatta held every four years for ships from some Latin American countries. As part of this, the vessel visited several ports including Valparaiso, Guayaquil, Balboa, Curazao, Cartagena and Veracruz.[54][55]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Infografía: así será el buque escuela que construye el Perú" (in Spanish). elcomercio.pe. December 9, 2012.
  2. ^ "Peru President attends Training Ship "Unión" launching event". andina.com.pe. December 22, 2014.
  3. ^ a b "Peruvian Navy set to receive BAP Union [sic]". janes.com (cache). January 24, 2016. Archived from the original on January 26, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ "Peruvian Navy, in collaboration with the Spanish Navy, has commissioned their new training ship Unión". navaltoday.com. January 31, 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Peruvian Navy commissions new training ship". naval-technology.com. February 1, 2016.
  6. ^ a b c "Peru commissions training sail ship as local naval shipbuilding progresses". janes.com (cache). January 28, 2016. Archived from the original on January 30, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. ^ a b c d e "New Peruvian Training Ship Unión Largest of its Kind in Latin America". latinpost.com. January 28, 2016.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g "Memoria Anual 2016" (PDF) (in Spanish). sima.com.pe. December 2016.
  9. ^ a b "Launch of the Sailing Ship "Union" [sic] of the Navy of Peru". defensa.com. December 23, 2014.
  10. ^ a b "Defense minister oversaw the latest advances in the construction of Sailing Ship "Unión"" (in Spanish). marina.mil.pe (cache). January 28, 2016. Archived from the original on January 30, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  11. ^ a b ""Unión"". sailonboard.com. June 12, 2017.
  12. ^ "Peru continues to rejuvenate its naval capability". janes.com (cache). December 8, 2014. Archived from the original on April 29, 2015.
  13. ^ "The Peruvian Navy takes charge". peruthisweek.com. October 5, 2015.
  14. ^ "Definition of a Tall Ship". Sail Training International.
  15. ^ "Latin America's largest sail training ship docks in Puerto Rico". efe.com. September 4, 2016.
  16. ^ a b "Peru pays tribute to hero Miguel Grau and Battle of Angamos". andina.com.pe. October 8, 2013.
  17. ^ a b "USIL present on Peru's first travelling embassy, the Peruvian Navy's BAP Unión training ship". USIL. June 13, 2017.
  18. ^ "The Pride of the Peruvian Navy: The BAP Unión". peruthisweek.com (cache). July 20, 2015. Archived from the original on August 16, 2015.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  19. ^ "Latin America's Training Vessels". cimsec.org. June 6, 2016.
  20. ^ "Law N° 24094" (PDF) (in Spanish). Peruvian Congress. February 8, 1985. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
  21. ^ "Peru's Debt Crisis and Subsequent Shock Economy". UCLA International Institute. February 4, 2005.
  22. ^ "La Marina de Guerra del Perú realizó la botadura del buque escuela a vela BAP "Unión"" (in Spanish). gacetamarinera.com.ar. July 1, 2015. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016.
  23. ^ "Government of Spain will cooperate in Peruvian training ship construction" (in Spanish). larepublica.pe (cache). November 12, 2012. Archived from the original on April 12, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  24. ^ "Empresa de vigo diseña mayor buque escuela" (in Spanish). lavozdegalicia.es. November 7, 2013.
  25. ^ "Cypsa Ingenieros Navales". cypsa.com.es. July 17, 2017.
  26. ^ "Humala justifica retraso a ceremonia por medidas que va a tomar" (in Spanish). diariocorreo.pe. December 8, 2012.
  27. ^ "Ollanta Humala participó en lanzamiento a mar de buque escuela a vela Unión" (in Spanish). peru21.pe. December 23, 2014.
  28. ^ "Acuerdo de colaboración de NAVANTIA y el Astillero de la Marina de Guerra del Perú" (in Spanish). navantia.es. January 22, 2015.
  29. ^ "Navantia Signs Partnership Agreement with Navy of Peru Shipyard". defense-aerospace.com. January 22, 2015.
  30. ^ "España completa entrenamiento de la primera tripulación de buque escuela del Peru" (in Spanish). infodefensa.com. July 23, 2015.
  31. ^ "Buque escuela mexicano adiestra a oficiales de armada peruana" (in Spanish). andina.com.pe. June 30, 2015.
  32. ^ "Militares del Perú se instruyen en Colombia en el mantenimiento de buques a vela" (in Spanish). andina.com.pe. January 27, 2015.
  33. ^ "The Navy of Peru officially incorporates Sailing Ship BAP Union [sic]". defensa.com. January 21, 2016.
  34. ^ "Peruvian Navy training ship undergoes its sea tests" (in Spanish). infodefensa.com. June 22, 2016.
  35. ^ a b "Navy Training Ship "Union" Sets Sail from Callao". peruviantimes.com. July 28, 2016.
  36. ^ "The rise of the Latin American Shipyard". cimsec.org.com. August 22, 2016.
  37. ^ "El BAP Union de la Marina de Guerra del Perú zarpa en su primera travesía" (in Spanish). defensa.com. July 2016.
  38. ^ "Nota de Prensa Nro 086 – Bautizo y Lanzamiento BAP Unión" (in Spanish). marina.mil.pe (cache). December 22, 2014. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  39. ^ "Boletin 22 – Hardco Consulting cierra la venta transmisiones Reintjess para el Buque Escuela Unión" (in Spanish). hardcoconsulting.com. December 2, 2013.
  40. ^ "Boletin 23 – Buque Escuela Union estará equipado con bombas azcue" (in Spanish). hardcoconsulting.com. December 4, 2013.
  41. ^ "Religious significance in Machu Picchu". www.machupicchu.org. PeruForLess. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  42. ^ "La trilogía inca: El cóndor, el puma y la serpiente". www.lateinamerika-studien.at.pe (in Spanish). Lateinamerika-Studien Online. Retrieved February 16, 2016.
  43. ^ "Túpac Yupanqui, el mascarón de proa del buque escuela vela Unión" (in Spanish). larepublica.pe. January 19, 2016. Archived from the original on January 21, 2016. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
  44. ^ "Visita del Premier y el Ministro de Defensa al Buque Escuela a Vela" (in Spanish). sima.com.pe (cache). January 26, 2016. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  45. ^ "Marina de Guerra: La Unión y sus marinos vuelven a navegar en el Mar de Grau" (in Spanish). diariocorreo.pe. January 2016.
  46. ^ "President: Union BAP [sic] confirms Peruvian progress on navy engineering". andina.com.pe. January 27, 2016.
  47. ^ "Latin America's largest sail training ship docks in Puerto Rico" (in Spanish). foxnews.com (cache). September 4, 2016. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016.
  48. ^ "The Peruvian navy is here and glad to see us". miamiherald.com. September 17, 2016.
  49. ^ "El BAP Unión de la Marina de Guerra del Perú zarpa en su primera travesía" (in Spanish). defensa.com. July 27, 2016.
  50. ^ "The Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta Guest Ports Programme: Spectacular Canada Day Celebrations with the Tall Ships". sailonboard.com. July 2, 2017.
  51. ^ "The Rendez-Vous 2017 Tall Ships Regatta Race Results". sailtraininginternational.org. July 2, 2017. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  52. ^ "Peru's BAP Union wins international tall ship race in Canada". andina.com. January 25, 2017.
  53. ^ "Peruvian tall ship Union arrives in South Quay for six days". wharf.co.uk. July 24, 2017.
  54. ^ "Sailing Latin America 2018". tallshipsnetwork.com. March 2018.
  55. ^ "The maritime spirit of 7 navies of Latin America took to Panamanian streets". panamatoday.com. July 8, 2018.
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