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| name = Mane Rokvić |
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| caption = Mane Rokvić as a Chetnik commander |
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| native_name = Мане Роквић |
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| birth_place = [[Kolunić]] |
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| death_date = 1944 |
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* {{flag|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}} |
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* Serb rebels |
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| serviceyears = 1941—44 |
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| battles = * [[Drvar uprising]] |
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* Unit of Serb rebels during the Drvar uprising |
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* {{flagicon image|Communist Party of Yugoslavia Flag-cyr (1920–1952).png}} 4th Partisan detachment of ''Sloboda Battallion'' |
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* {{flagicon image|Chetniks Flag.svg}} Chetnik Regiment "King Aleksandar" |
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* [[Drvar uprising]] |
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* {{flagicon image|Order of the Karađorđe's Star with Swords rib.png}} [[Order of the Star of Karađorđe]] |
* {{flagicon image|Order of the Karađorđe's Star with Swords rib.png}} [[Order of the Star of Karađorđe]] |
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'''Mane Rokvić''' ([[Serbian Cyrillic alphabet|Serbian Cyrillic]]: Мане Роквић) was a [[Serbs|Serbian]] guerrilla commander during the [[World War II|Second World War]]. Rokvić briefly commanded of the [[Yugoslav Partisans|Yugoslav Partisan]] 4th detachment of the ''Sloboda Battalion'' during the 1941 [[Drvar uprising]], a spontaneous resistance by the Serbian population to the genocidal activities of the [[Independent State of Croatia]] in Western Bosnia. Later and most notably, Rokvić left the communist cause to join the royalist [[Dinara Division|Dinara Chetnik Division]] to command of the ''King Alexander I'' regiment .<ref>{{Cite book|last=Redžić|first=Enver|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pVCx3jerQmYC&pg=PA158&lpg=PA158&dq=Mane+Rokvic&source=bl&ots=fRe1TXw0jU&sig=ACfU3U2F2kFGl2jDsnbND6BiuHYnmE0meA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiA6sCmvdrrAhXEKs0KHTsDDvAQ6AEwHnoECGwQAQ#v=onepage&q=Mane%20Rokvic&f=false|title=Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Second World War|last2=Redzic|first2=Enver|date=2005|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-7146-5625-0|language=en}}</ref> |
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'''Mane Rokvić''' (d. 1944) was one of the commanders of [[Serbs|Serb]] rebels during the [[Drvar uprising]] who later became military officer of the [[Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland]]. At the beginning of the uprising Rokvić was a commander of the 4th Partisan detachment of ''Sloboda Battallion''. Together with many other rebel leaders, Manić joined the [[Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland]] and to save Serbs from their most bloodthirsty enemy - Ustaše, temporarily collaborated with Italians and Germans. At the beginning of 1942 Manić was decorated by [[Slobodan Jovanović]], president of the [[Yugoslav government-in-exile|Yugoslav Government in Exile]] with [[Karađorđe's Star]]. Rokvić became commander of the Chetnik Regiment "King Aleksandar" and advanced to the rank of [[voivode]]. In October 1942 Rokvić was commander of the unit which led [[punitive expedition]] in the region around Split which resulted with [[Gata massacre]] with about 100 Croatian civilian victims. In 1944 Rokvić became missing. |
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== Early life== |
== Early life== |
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Rokvić was born in [[Kolunić]] near [[Bosanski Petrovac]], in modern [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]. Prior to the Second World War, Rokvić was employed as a mechanic in the [[Šipad]] lumber and furniture factory in Drvar. He joined the [[League of Communists of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav Communist Party]] in 1929.<ref>{{harv|Plećaš-Nitonja|1975|p=105}}:" После 12 година оданог чланства у комунистичкој Партији, Мане Роквић је тога дана престао да буде комуниста... "</ref><ref>{{harv|Milovanović|1984|p=623}}</ref> |
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Before the World War II Rokvić was [[mechanic]].<ref>{{harv|Milovanović|1984|p=623}}</ref> |
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== World War II== |
== World War II== |
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As commander of the [[Medeno Polje]] based 4th detachment of ''Sloboda Battalion'', Rokvić is credited with successfully attacking Croatian fascist [[ustaše]] forces in Pasjak near Drvar on 26 July 1941.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V0orAAAAMAAJ|title=Veze u NOB: ratna sećanja, 1941-1945|publisher=Vojnoizdavački zavod|year=1981|page=348|quote=Mane Rokvić, dotadašnji komandant 4. odreda našeg bataljona »Sloboda«, u Medenom Polju}}</ref><ref>{{harv|Plećaš|1983|p=176}}:"У станици у За падној Босни под воћством Мане Роквића, заузели су Дрвар , "</ref><ref>{{harv|Plećaš|Dimitrijević|2004|p=168}}:"...под вођством Мане Роквића, заузели су Дрвар"</ref> With the momentum of victory, Rokvić's detatchment subsequently liberated the towns of Drvar, [[Bosansko Grahovo]] and village of [[Oštrelj]] with three other Partisan detachments in what is known as the Drvar uprising,. |
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Rokvić was commander of rebel units around Drvar during the [[Drvar uprising]].<ref>{{harv|Redžić|1998|p=222}}:"Mane Rokvić , koji je komandovao u ustanku gerilskim jedinicama oko Drvara..."</ref> During the uprising in Bosnian Krajina on 27 July 1941 Drvar was captured by the rebels under command of Mane Rokvić.<ref>{{harv|Plećaš|1983|p=176}}:"У станици у За падној Босни под воћством Мане Роквића, заузели су Дрвар , "</ref><ref>{{harv|Plećaš|Dimitrijević|2004|p=168}}:"...под вођством Мане Роквића, заузели су Дрвар"</ref> The headquarter of joint Partisan-Chetnik rebels had its seat in Drvar.<ref>{{harv|Kadenić|Petković|1981|p=564}}</ref> Rokvić was appointed as a commander of the 4th detachment of ''Sloboda Battallion'' in Medeno Polje.<ref>{{cite book|title=Veze u NOB: ratna sećanja, 1941-1945|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V0orAAAAMAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Vojnoizdavački zavod|page=348|quote=Mane Rokvić, dotadašnji komandant 4. odreda našeg bataljona »Sloboda«, u Medenom Polju}}</ref> Rokvić who was a member of the Communist party for 12 years decided to leave the Communist party.<ref>{{harv|Plećaš-Nitonja|1975|p=105}}:" После 12 година оданог чланства у комунистичкој Партији, Мане Роквић је тога дана престао да буде комуниста... "</ref> According to former Chetnik officer, Nikola Plećaš, Rokvić left the party because Partisans under instructions of Croatian communists burned Serb populated Drvar before Italians entered it.<ref>{{harv|Plećaš-Nitonja|1975|p=105}}:" — Нису отишли да запале неко хрватско село где Италијани станују, него српско, као да досада нису већ толика изгорела, — грдио је Мане Роквић. "</ref> |
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Following the Drvar uprising, Rokvić broke ranks with the communist Partisans and joined the royalist Serbian Chetnik cause after learning that Yugoslav Partisans under instructions of Croatian communists razed Serbian homes in Drvar prior to Italian occupation forces arriving.<ref>{{harv|Plećaš-Nitonja|1975|p=105}}:" — Нису отишли да запале неко хрватско село где Италијани станују, него српско, као да досада нису већ толика изгорела, — грдио је Мане Роквић. "</ref> |
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He became Chetnik and together with several other rebel leaders organized peaceful integration of the Western Bosnian territory controlled by rebels into Italian zone of influence, temporarily saving local Serb population from genocidal actions of Croatia. The Chetnik leaders wished to save Serbs from their most bloodthirsty enemy - Ustaše, even if they had temporarily to accept rule of Italians and Germans.<ref>{{harv|Dizdar|2002|p=155}}:"Mane Rokvić, Dobroslav Jevđević i Brana Bogunović; ... Vođe srpskih četnika... žele da zasad srpski narod spase bar od najkrvavijeg protivnika, ustaša, makar privremeno primio vlast Nemaca i Italijana"</ref> |
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Upon joining the Serbian royalist cause in the fall of 1941, Rokvić took command of the ''King Alexander I'' regiment. One of six regiments that would later form the Dinara Chetnik Division led by Serbian Orthodox priest, turned guerrilla, [[Voivode|Vojvoda]] [[Momčilo Đujić]]. |
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In January 1942 Rokvić was decorated by [[Slobodan Jovanović]], president of the [[Yugoslav government-in-exile|Yugoslav Government in Exile]] with [[Karađorđe's Star]].<ref>{{harv|Dedijer|1946|p=387}}:"Rokvić i Bogunović, s Karađorđevim zvezdama kojim ih je odli1ovao Slobodan Jovanović..."</ref> Rokvić was commander of the Chetnik Regiment "King Aleksandar" which for certain time was garrisoned in Drvar.<ref>{{harv|Milovanović|1984|p=623}}</ref> Rokvić and Bogunović were promoted to the rank of [[voivode]] by the commander of [[Dinara Chetnik Division]], [[Ilija Trifunović Birčanin]].<ref>{{harv|Redžić|2005|p=158}}</ref> The leaders of the Serb rebels organized in Chetnik units of [[Dinara Division]] agreed on basic principles of their further struggle, presented in a document composed between 8 and 12 March 1942 and titled "Elaborat of Dinara Division" ({{lang-sr|Елаборат Динарске дивизије}}).<ref>{{harv|Николић|2009|p=84}}</ref> The main objective of their struggle stipulated in elaborate signed by [[Momčilo Đujić]], Pavle Popović, [[Pavle Omčikus]], [[Branko Bogunović]] and Mane Rokvić, was establising of the Serb nation-state.<ref>{{harv|Николић|2009|p=84}}:" „Елаборат" су потписали Момчило 'Бууий, Павле ПоповиН, Павле Омчикус, Бранко БогуновиН и Мане Роквип."</ref> The unit commanded by Rokvić participated in the [[Gata massacre]] in October 1942 when about 100 Croat civilians were killed.<ref>{{harv|Dizdar|2002|p=368}}</ref> |
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As commander of the ''King Aleksandar I'' regiment, which for certain time was garrisoned in Drvar, Rokvić along with the commander of the ''Gavrilo Princip'' regiment [[Branko Bogunović]], was promoted to the rank of vojvoda by Chetnik veteran organizer [[Ilija Trifunović Birčanin]].<ref>{{harv|Redžić|2005|p=158}}</ref><ref>{{harv|Milovanović|1984|p=623}}</ref> |
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In 1944 Rokvić became missing.<ref>{{harv|Milovanović|1984|p=623}}</ref> |
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Together with [[Momčilo Đujić]], Pavle Popović, [[Pavle Omčikus]], and [[Branko Bogunović]]; Rokvić agreed to and co-signed the Elaborat of Dinara Division in March 1942. <ref>{{harv|Николић|2009|p=84}}</ref><ref>{{harv|Николић|2009|p=84}}:" „Елаборат" су потписали Момчило 'Бууий, Павле ПоповиН, Павле Омчикус, Бранко БогуновиН и Мане Роквип."</ref> Earlier that year, Rokvić was decorated by president of the [[Yugoslav government-in-exile]] [[Slobodan Jovanović]] with the [[Karađorđe's Star]].<ref>{{harv|Dedijer|1946|p=387}}:"Rokvić i Bogunović, s Karađorđevim zvezdama kojim ih je odli1ovao Slobodan Jovanović..."</ref> |
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| ⚫ | At the end of 1944, Rokvić withdrew his forces towards Slovenia where it is believed that he was captured and subsequently murdered by the Croatian [[ustaše]].<ref>{{harv|Milovanović|1984|p=623}}</ref> Other accounts claim that in 1944 Rokvić was found guilty of war crimes committed in the village of [[Gata massacre|Gata]] and sentenced to death by a Dinara Chetnik Division military court. <ref>{{harv|Šešelj|1992|p=114}}:"Убијено је само сто људи. Четник Мане Роквић због тога је убијен. • Али и један је превише... - Мане Роквић је због тога кажњен, убијен... Четнички суд Динарске дивизије га је осудио на смрт."</ref> |
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== Legacy== |
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Rokvić was mentioned in a novel ''Prolom'' authored by [[Branko Ćopić]] who depicted how Rokvić and other rebel leaders refused to struggle against Italians while communist party insisted to continue with the struggle.<ref>{{harv|Ćopić|1966|p=482}}:"Мане Роквић одбио је да пуца на њих, одбили још неки. И ми ћемо се брзо наћи пред сличним проблемом. Радекић ... Па шта веле ... шта каже, овај . . . друг Милан? — Шта Партија вели? Партија, Милошу, тражи одлучну борбу."</ref> |
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== References |
== References== |
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{{Not English|Serbo-Croatian|section}} |
{{Not English|Serbo-Croatian|section}} |
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Revision as of 00:44, 9 September 2020
Mane Rokvić | |
|---|---|
 Mane Rokvić as a Chetnik commander | |
| Native name | Мане Роквић |
| Born | Kolunić |
| Died | 1944 |
| Allegiance | |
| Years of service | 1941—44 |
| Rank | Vojvoda |
| Commands |
|
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | |
Mane Rokvić (Serbian Cyrillic: Мане Роквић) was a Serbian guerrilla commander during the Second World War. Rokvić briefly commanded of the Yugoslav Partisan 4th detachment of the Sloboda Battalion during the 1941 Drvar uprising, a spontaneous resistance by the Serbian population to the genocidal activities of the Independent State of Croatia in Western Bosnia. Later and most notably, Rokvić left the communist cause to join the royalist Dinara Chetnik Division to command of the King Alexander I regiment .[1]
Early life
Rokvić was born in Kolunić near Bosanski Petrovac, in modern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Prior to the Second World War, Rokvić was employed as a mechanic in the Šipad lumber and furniture factory in Drvar. He joined the Yugoslav Communist Party in 1929.[2][3]
World War II
As commander of the Medeno Polje based 4th detachment of Sloboda Battalion, Rokvić is credited with successfully attacking Croatian fascist ustaše forces in Pasjak near Drvar on 26 July 1941.[4][5][6] With the momentum of victory, Rokvić's detatchment subsequently liberated the towns of Drvar, Bosansko Grahovo and village of Oštrelj with three other Partisan detachments in what is known as the Drvar uprising,.
Following the Drvar uprising, Rokvić broke ranks with the communist Partisans and joined the royalist Serbian Chetnik cause after learning that Yugoslav Partisans under instructions of Croatian communists razed Serbian homes in Drvar prior to Italian occupation forces arriving.[7]
Upon joining the Serbian royalist cause in the fall of 1941, Rokvić took command of the King Alexander I regiment. One of six regiments that would later form the Dinara Chetnik Division led by Serbian Orthodox priest, turned guerrilla, Vojvoda Momčilo Đujić.
As commander of the King Aleksandar I regiment, which for certain time was garrisoned in Drvar, Rokvić along with the commander of the Gavrilo Princip regiment Branko Bogunović, was promoted to the rank of vojvoda by Chetnik veteran organizer Ilija Trifunović Birčanin.[8][9]
Together with Momčilo Đujić, Pavle Popović, Pavle Omčikus, and Branko Bogunović; Rokvić agreed to and co-signed the Elaborat of Dinara Division in March 1942. [10][11] Earlier that year, Rokvić was decorated by president of the Yugoslav government-in-exile Slobodan Jovanović with the Karađorđe's Star.[12]
At the end of 1944, Rokvić withdrew his forces towards Slovenia where it is believed that he was captured and subsequently murdered by the Croatian ustaše.[13] Other accounts claim that in 1944 Rokvić was found guilty of war crimes committed in the village of Gata and sentenced to death by a Dinara Chetnik Division military court. [14]
References
 | This section needs translation from Serbo-Croatian to English. This section is written in Serbo-Croatian. If it is intended for readers from the Serbo-Croatian language community, it should be contributed to the Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia. See the list of Wikipedias. Please see this article's entry on Pages needing translation into English for discussion. If the section is not rewritten in English it may be removed. If you want to assess this article, you may want to check its Google translation. However, please do not add an automated translation to the article, since these are generally of very poor quality. If you have just labeled this article as needing translation, please add {{subst:uw-notenglish|1=Mane Rokvić}} ~~~~on the talk page of the author. |
- ^ Redžić, Enver; Redzic, Enver (2005). Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Second World War. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-7146-5625-0.
- ^ (Plećaš-Nitonja 1975, p. 105):" После 12 година оданог чланства у комунистичкој Партији, Мане Роквић је тога дана престао да буде комуниста... "
- ^ (Milovanović 1984, p. 623)
- ^ Veze u NOB: ratna sećanja, 1941-1945. Vojnoizdavački zavod. 1981. p. 348.
Mane Rokvić, dotadašnji komandant 4. odreda našeg bataljona »Sloboda«, u Medenom Polju
- ^ (Plećaš 1983, p. 176):"У станици у За падној Босни под воћством Мане Роквића, заузели су Дрвар , "
- ^ (Plećaš & Dimitrijević 2004, p. 168):"...под вођством Мане Роквића, заузели су Дрвар"
- ^ (Plećaš-Nitonja 1975, p. 105):" — Нису отишли да запале неко хрватско село где Италијани станују, него српско, као да досада нису већ толика изгорела, — грдио је Мане Роквић. "
- ^ (Redžić 2005, p. 158)
- ^ (Milovanović 1984, p. 623)
- ^ (Николић 2009, p. 84)
- ^ (Николић 2009, p. 84):" „Елаборат" су потписали Момчило 'Бууий, Павле ПоповиН, Павле Омчикус, Бранко БогуновиН и Мане Роквип."
- ^ (Dedijer 1946, p. 387):"Rokvić i Bogunović, s Karađorđevim zvezdama kojim ih je odli1ovao Slobodan Jovanović..."
- ^ (Milovanović 1984, p. 623)
- ^ (Šešelj 1992, p. 114):"Убијено је само сто људи. Четник Мане Роквић због тога је убијен. • Али и један је превише... - Мане Роквић је због тога кажњен, убијен... Четнички суд Динарске дивизије га је осудио на смрт."
Sources
| This section needs translation from Serbo-Croatian to English. This section is written in Serbo-Croatian. If it is intended for readers from the Serbo-Croatian language community, it should be contributed to the Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia. See the list of Wikipedias. Please see this article's entry on Pages needing translation into English for discussion. If the section is not rewritten in English it may be removed. If you want to assess this article, you may want to check its Google translation. However, please do not add an automated translation to the article, since these are generally of very poor quality. If you have just labeled this article as needing translation, please add {{subst:uw-notenglish|1=Mane Rokvić}} ~~~~on the talk page of the author. |
- Plećaš, Neđeljko; Dimitrijević, Bojan (2004). Ratne godine. Institut za savremenu istoriju.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Plećaš, Neđeljko B. (1983). Ratne godine, 1941-1945. Kosovo Publishing Company.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Kadenić, Rahmija; Petković, Radomir (1981). Ratna sećanja iz NOB, 1941-1942. Vojnoizdavački zavod.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Redžić, Enver (1998). Bosna i Hercegovina u Drugom svjetskom ratu. OKO. ISBN 978-9958-43-030-5.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Šešelj, Vojislav (1992). Razaranja srpskog nacionalnog bića. ABC Glas.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Ćopić, Branko (1966). Prolom: roman. Prosveta.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Milovanović, Nikola B. (1984). Kontrarevolucionarni pokret Draže Mihailovića: Rasulo. Slom. Odmetništvo. Emigracija. Izdavačka radna organizacija "Rad".
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Dedijer, Vladimir (1946). Dnevnik: Svedočanstva iz oslobodilačkog rata. (Od 28 Novembra 1942 do 10 Novembra 1943). Drzavni izd. zavod Jugoslavije.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Dizdar, Zdravko (2002). Četnički zločini u Bosni i Hercegovini, 1941.-1945. Hrvatski institut za povijest. ISBN 978-953-6491-86-5.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Plećaš-Nitonja, Nikola (1975). Požar u Krajini. Plećaš-Nitonja.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Redžić, Enver (2005). Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Second World War. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-7146-5625-0.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Николић, Коста (2009). Италиjанска воjска и четници у другом светском рату у Jугославиjи, 1941-1943. Институт за савремену историjу. ISBN 978-86-7403-130-8.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)