Adana vilayet
| ولايت اطنه Vilâyet-i Adana | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
| 1869–1922 | |||||||||
_2.017_Adana_Vilayet.jpg) The Adana Vilayet in 1892 | |||||||||
| Capital | Adana[1] | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| • Coordinates | 36°52′N 34°35′E / 36.87°N 34.58°E | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1869 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1922 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Turkey | ||||||||
The Vilayet of Adana[3] (Ottoman Turkish: ولايت اطنه, Vilâyet-i Adana;[4]) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire in the south-east of Asia Minor, which encompassed the region of Cilicia.[1] It was established in May 1869.[5] Adana Vilayet bordered with Konya Vilayet (in west), Ankara Vilayet and Sivas Vilayet (in north), and Haleb Vilayet (in east and south). Adana Vilayet corresponds to the modern region of Çukurova in Turkey.
Demographics
At the beginning of the 20th century it reportedly had an area of 14,494 square miles (37,540 km2), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 402,439.[6] The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.[6]
Economic history
It was described by the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica as rich in unexploited mineral wealth in the mountainous districts, and fertile in the coast-plain, which produced cotton, rice, cereals, sugar and fruit.[1] In 1920, the region was noted for its forested western region, which had little agricultural production. The Cilicia region was noted for its agricultural production, including wheat, barley, oats, rice, seeds, opium, sugarcane and cotton. Cotton production became more popular before World War I. In 1912, the region produced 110,000 bales of cotton and 35,000 tons of cottonseed.[7] Pyrite was mined in the region in the early 20th century.[8]
Administrative divisions
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Sanjaks of the Vilayet and their kazas:[9]
- Sanjak of Adana (Adana (seat), Hamidiye, Karaisalı)
- Sanjak of Mersin (Mersin (seat), Tarsus)
- Sanjak of Cebel-i Bereket (Yarpuz (seat), Osmaniye, İslahiye, Bulanık, Hassa)
- Sanjak of Kozan (Sis (seat), Hacın, Feke, Kars-ı Zülkadriye)
- Sanjak of İçel (Silifke (seat), Anamur, Ermenek, Gülnar, Mut)
See also
References
- ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ^ "1914 Census Statistics" (PDF). Turkish General Staff. pp. 605–606. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
- ^ Geographical Dictionary of the World. Concept Publishing Company. 1906. p. 1796. ISBN 978-81-7268-012-1.
- ^ Salname-yi Vilâyet-i Adana ("Yearbook of the Vilayet of Adana"), Adana vilâyet matbaası, Adana, 1321 [1903]. in the website of Hathi Trust Digital Library.
- ^ Ronald Grigor Suny; Fatma Muge Gocek; Norman M. Naimark (2011). A Question of Genocide:Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-19-979276-4.
- ^ a b Asia by A. H. Keane, page 459
- ^ Prothero, G.W. (1920). Anatolia. London: H.M. Stationery Office.
- ^ Prothero, G.W. (1920). Anatolia. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 106.
- ^ Adana Vilayeti | Tarih ve Medeniyet
External links
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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- States and territories established in 1869
- States and territories disestablished in 1922
- Adana vilayet
- Vilayets of the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia
- History of Adana Province
- History of Mersin Province
- History of Osmaniye Province
- 1869 establishments in the Ottoman Empire
- 1922 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire
- Ottoman Empire stubs