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Al-Munawi

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Al-Munawi
TitleZain al-Din
Al-Ḥāfiẓ
Personal
Born(952 AH/1545 AD)
Cairo, Ottoman Empire
DiedCairo, Ottoman Empire
(1031 AH/1621 AD)
ReligionIslam
RegionEgypt
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceShafi'i
CreedAsh'ari
Main interest(s)Fiqh, Hadith, History, Tasawwuf
Notable work(s)Fayd al-Qadir
Alma materAl-Azhar University
OccupationMuhaddith, Scholar, Muslim Jurist, Historian
Muslim leader
Influenced by

Muhammad 'Abd al-Ra'uf al-Munāwi (also Al-Manāwi) (Template:Lang-ar), was a famous Egyptian Islamic scholar of the Ottoman period. He was a renowned Shafi'i jurist, hadith specialist, historian, and mystic.[1][2][3] He is considered one of the most prominent and prolific scholars of his time.[4] He authored a celebrated and classical work titled Fayd al-Qadir.[5] He was the paternal great grandson of Shaykh al-Islam Sharaf al-Din al-Munawi and was a famous disciple of Al-Sha'rani.[6][7]

Name and Origin

The title "Al-Munawi" originated from the village of Munayt or Munāw, an area of Egypt where his ancestors settled around the 7th or 12th century after their departure from Tunisia.”[8]

Biography

Al-Munawī was born in the city of Cairo in the year of 952/1545 and was a member of was a member of prestigious family well-known for their knowledge and piety.[8] His family members were all scholars, and he was raised in a home full of information. He first started learning under his father Tajul 'Arifin. Before entering puberty, he memorised the Qur'an as well as other valuable texts in Shafi'i Fiqh, Hadith, Arabic syntax, and Seerah. He was made a very young hafiz and Al-Sha'rani inducted him into Tasawwuf. Following his passing, he made contact with several groups, including the brotherhood of Halwatiyya. After a few religious services, he withdrew from society to compose. Then he went back to the outside world to teach at the University of Aliyya, where his extremely high calibre of instruction attracted the most illustrious academics of the day and caused some to make him so envious that he was certainly poisoned. He managed to get away, but he soon gave up teaching and began dictating his works to one of his sons, Taj al-Din Muhammad, who was now too frail to write them down. The year 1031/1621 saw his passing.[9]

Teachers

He studied some of the greatest scholars of his day:[9]

Students

Among his students were the following:[9]

  • ‘Ali Al Ajhuri
  • Ahmad ibn ‘Isa Shihabud Din Al Kalbi
  • His son, Zaynul ‘Abidin who also memorised the Quran at the age of 7.

Works

Al-Munawi was a prolific writer whose works exceeded over 100 and his most famous books being the following:

  • Fayd al-Qadir Sharh al-Jami` al-Saghir, a commentary of Al-Jami' al-Saghir by Imam al-Suyuti.
  • Sharh Nukhbah al-Fikar, a commentary of Nukhbah al-Fikar by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani.
  • Sharh al-Tirmidhi, a commentary of Sunan al-Tirmidhi by Al-Tirmidhi
  • Futuhat Subhaniyyah fi Sharh al-Alfiyyah al-Iraqi, a commentary of Alfiyyah al-Hadith by Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi.
  • A-Kawākib ad-durriya fī tarājim as-sāda aṣ-ṣūfiyya, ("The resplendent stars or Biographies of the Sufi masters"), lists the life of the great spirituals from the times of the prophet until 'in his own time.
  • Ithâf al-mubra bi-l-'ulûm al-'ashra ("The Poluiche offered to the Ten Sciences")
  • Kunuz al-Haqayiq fi al-Hadith ("Treasures of Facts in the Hadith")
  • Al-Nukhbat fi Fadayil Ahl Al-Bayt ("The Elite in the Virtues of Aal al-Bayt")
  • Al-Lali al-Jawhariat fi Sharh Hikam al-'Ata'iyah, an explanation of Hikam al-'Ata'iyah by Ibn Ata Allah al-Iskandari

See also

References

  1. ^ Knysh, Alexander D. (1999). Ibn ʻArabi in the Later Islamic Tradition The Making of a Polemical Image in Medieval Islam. State University of New York Press. p. 311. ISBN 9780791439685.
  2. ^ Carl F. Petry, M. W. Daly (10 December 1998). The Cambridge History of Egypt. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 26.
  3. ^ IslamKotob. "الأعلام - ج 8 - نافع بن ظريب - يوهنس". p. 167.
  4. ^ Hanif, N. (2002). In Praise of Books A Cultural History of Cairo's Middle Class, Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. Sarup & Sons. p. 113. ISBN 9788176252676.
  5. ^ Jane Hathaway, Karl Barbir (22 July 2014). The Arab Lands Under Ottoman Rule 1516-1800. Taylor & Francis. p. 133. ISBN 9781317875635.
  6. ^ Brown, Jonathan (2017). American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 34:3. International Institute of Islamic Thought. p. 13.
  7. ^ Hanna, Nelly (October 2003). Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis Africa and Europe. Syracuse University Press. p. 170. ISBN 9780815630364.
  8. ^ a b Johannes Hendrik Kramers & Joseph Schacht (1993). Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 565. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
  9. ^ a b c "A biography of 'Allamah Munawi (rahimahullah)". islamqa.org.
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