2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike
A request that this article title be changed to 27 September 2024 Beirut attacks is under discussion. Please do not move this article until the discussion is closed. |
This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (September 2024) |
Assassination of Hassan Nasrallah | |
---|---|
Part of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict and the spillover of the Israel–Hamas war | |
Location | Haret Hreik, Dahieh, Lebanon |
Date | 27 September 2024 |
Target | Hassan Nasrallah |
Attack type | Airstrike |
Weapon | 80+ bombs, including 5,000-pound (2,300 kg) bunker buster bombs |
Deaths | 33+ (including Nasrallah and other senior Hezbollah commanders) |
Injured | 195+ |
Perpetrator | Israeli Air Force |
On 27 September 2024, Hassan Nasrallah, the secretary-general of Hezbollah, was assassinated in an Israeli airstrike in Beirut.[1][2] The strike took place while Hezbollah leaders were meeting at a headquarters in Haret Hreik in the Dahieh suburb to the south of Beirut.[2] Conducted by the Israeli Air Force's 119th Squadron using F-16I fighters,[3] the operation involved dropping more than 80 bombs,[4] including US-made 5,000-pound (2,300 kg) bunker buster bombs, destroying the headquarters, which were reportedly located underground.[5][6] The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) codenamed the operation "New Order" (Template:Lang-he).
Initially, Nasrallah's condition was uncertain,[7] but on 28 September 2024, the IDF announced his death,[8][9] a claim later confirmed by Hezbollah.[10] The attack resulted in at least 33 fatalities and more than 195 injuries.[11] Ali Karaki, the Commander of Hezbollah's Southern Front, was also killed in the strike, along with other senior commanders.[2] Iranian reports indicate that Abbas Nilforoushan, deputy commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and commander of the Quds Force in Lebanon, was also killed.[12]
Lebanese prime minister Najib Mikati condemned this and prior Israeli attacks on Lebanon.[13][14] Prior to the attack, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the United Nations (UN), in which he reaffirmed Israel's commitment to its campaign against Hezbollah.[6][15] Earlier in September, Hezbollah suffered what have been described as some of the group's most severe setbacks,[16][17][18] including the 17 and 18 September explosions of its handheld communication devices and the 20 September assassination of Ibrahim Aqil, commander of the elite Redwan Force.[19] Additionally, in July another senior Hezbollah military leader, Fuad Shukr, was also assassinated in Beirut.[20]
Background
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Hezbollah |
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A day after Hamas launched its 7 October 2023 attacks on Israel, Hezbollah joined the conflict in solidarity[21] what it referred to as the "Palestinian resistance",[22] by firing projectiles on northern Israel and the Golan Heights.[23][24][22] Since then, Hezbollah and Israel have been involved in cross-border military exchanges that have displaced entire communities in Israel and Lebanon, with significant damage to buildings and land along the border. From 7 October 2023 to 20 September 2024, there were 10,200 cross border attacks, of which Israel launched 8,300.[25] Over 96,000 people in Israel[26] and approximately 500,000 in Lebanon have been displaced.[27][28] As of 24 August 2024, there were 564 confirmed deaths in Lebanon, including 133 civilians.[29] Israel and Hezbollah have maintained their attacks at a level that causes harm without escalating into a full-scale war.[30]
Hezbollah has stated it will continue attacking Israel until Israel halts its operations in Gaza.[31] Israel demanded that Hezbollah implement United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 (UNSCR 1701) and withdraw its forces north of the Litani River.[32][33] Both Israel and Hezbollah have outstanding obligations under UNSCR 1701.[34][35][36] Diplomatic efforts, led by U.S. envoy Amos Hochstein and France, have so far been unsuccessful in resolving the conflict.[37][38] Late on 16 September 2024, the Security Cabinet of Israel established a new Israel-Hamas war objective: the safe return to the north of residents displaced by the cross-border conflict with Lebanon. This goal was added to the two existing objectives: dismantling Hamas and securing the release of hostages taken during the 7 October attacks.[39][40]
On 17 and 18 September 2024, thousands of handheld pagers and walkie-talkies exploded in a coordinated series of attacks.[41] The explosions killed 42 people and injured at least 3,500, including civilians.[42][43][44] Reuters reported that, according to an unnamed Hezbollah official, 1,500 Hezbollah fighters were taken out of action due to injuries, with many blinded or having lost their hands.[45] Despite Israel denying involvement with the attack,[46] unnamed Israeli sources told Reuters and other media that it was orchestrated by Israel's intelligence service (Mossad) and military.[47][48][41] In response, Hezbollah, who described the attack as a possible declaration of war by Israel, launched a rocket attack on northern Israel a few days later.[49][50] On 20 September 2024, tensions further rose after Ibrahim Aqil was killed in an Israeli strike in Beirut, along with other senior commanders from the unit.[51][52] After advising Lebanese citizens to evacuate, Israel began airstrikes on 23 September.[53]
On 25 September, the United States and the European Union released a statement calling for a 21-day ceasefire.[54] The statement was also signed by Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and Qatar.[55] US officials said that Netanyahu had agreed to this, but the next day Netanyahu denied any involvement in this plan, leaving US officials reportedly "furious".[56] Netanyahu later backtracked, saying he shared the aims of the US proposal.[56]
Hassan Nasrallah
Hassan Nasrallah was a political leader in the Amal Movement, but left after the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon began. He joined Hezbollah shortly after it was formed, and was elected the secretary-general of Hezbollah in 1992.[57][58] He immediately set out to focus Hezbollah on fighting the Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon. He led Hezbollah to fight against the 1993 and 1996 Israeli military operations, and after the Qana massacre, his popularity skyrocketed in Lebanon.[59] His time in command has transformed Hezbollah into the world's most heavily armed non-state actor,[60] with its paramilitary wing surpassing the Lebanese Army in strength.[61][62] His speeches frequently included anti-Israeli and anti-Western sentiments.[24] Nasrallah also closely aligned with Iran, and influenced Hezbollah in other significant ways throughout his tenure.[63]
While in the 1990s, Nasrallah was popular among Lebanese Shi'ites — and to a certain extent in the Arab and Muslim worlds[64] — he was much disliked by the Israeli and American governments.[65] However, Hezbollah's role in ambushing an Israeli border patrol unit leading up to the 2006 Lebanon War was subject to local and regional criticism.[66] During the Syrian civil war, Hezbollah fought on the side of Bashar al-Assad. While Hezbollah helped Assad stay in power, Hezbollah's popularity sharply declined given that Assad had become a pariah in the Arab world.[67] Hezbollah's popularity surged again after the start of the Israel-Hezbollah hositilies in October 2023.[67] Under his leadership, Hezbollah faced criticism for its alleged involvement in the 2005 assassination of Lebanese PM Rafic Hariri[68] and the 2020 Beirut port explosion.[68][69] He has also consistently promoted the "Axis of Resistance," a network of Iran-supported militias focused on opposing Israel and the United States.[23]
In October 1992, Israel tried to assassinate Nasrallah.[65] In May 2004, Lebanese officials said they foiled an Israeli plot to kill Nasrallah.[70][65] In the 2006 war, Israel dropped many bombs on buildings that may have housed Nasrallah.[65]
A US official told ABC News that Nasrallah and several associates were in Beirut for a brief visit during the strike.[71] According to The New York Times, Israeli leaders had tracked Hassan Nasrallah's location for months and opted to target him a week before the assassination, believing they had a limited timeframe before he moved elsewhere.[4]
Attack
On 27 September 2024, the Israeli Air Force (IAF) conducted an airstrike on Hezbollah's central headquarters located in the Haret Hreik neighborhood, in the Dahieh suburb of Beirut.[72] Media reports confirmed that Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah was the intended target of the airstrike. The strike was conducted by the 119th "Bat" Squadron, utilizing F-16I Sufa jet-fighters or by the 69th Squadron utilizing F-15I Ra'am.[73][63] The IDF employed several tons of munitions, including US-made 5,000-pound (2,300 kg) bunker buster bombs that were created in 2021.[74] Two officials said that over 80 bombs were dropped within minutes during the operation, though they did not specify the bombs' weight or type.[4] According to The New York Times, the IDF used eight planes fitted with more than 15 2,000-pound bombs, including the US-made BLU-109 with a JDAM kit, to kill Nasrallah.[75]
The strike occurred shortly after Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the United Nations' General Assembly, and vowed that Israel's campaign against Hezbollah would continue.[72] The Prime Minister's Office has shared a photo that it says shows Netanyahu approving the airstrike, seemingly taken before he left to speak at the UN General Assembly. The image reportedly features Netanyahu in his New York hotel with his military secretary and chief of staff.[76]
There was no immediate information on casualties in the strike. IDF spokesperson Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari stated that the target was Hezbollah's main headquarters, located beneath residential buildings. Hezbollah's Al-Manar TV reported that four buildings were reduced to rubble as a result of the explosion, which was so powerful that tremors were felt up to 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Beirut. Ambulances were seen heading to the scene, accompanied by wailing sirens.[72] According to the state owned National News Agency, the raids were a belt of fire that extended from the outskirts of Bourj el-Barajneh, reaching Haret Hreik.[77] Footage taken shortly after the explosion revealed a large crater.[78]
Aftermath
Confirmation of Nasrallah's death
On 28 September 2024, Nasrallah's death was announced by the IDF,[79][80] after which it was confirmed in a statement by Hezbollah.[10][81] The confirmation came a day after the attack was reported. Nasrallah's condition initially remained uncertain beforehand.[82]
Other casualties
The area struck by Israel is known to be very densely populated. The impacted area consisted of civilian apartment buildings built over subterranean Hezbollah facilities; several structures were completely reduced to rubble and widespread destruction could be seen in the aftermath of the strike.[83] Initial estimates from Israeli defense officials suggest that around 300 people were killed, potentially including Nasrallah's daughter.[84] Reports from the Lebanese health ministry recorded at least 33 fatalities and 195 injuries as of 28 September, though most of the rubble has not been searched yet, and the number is almost certain to rise as dozens are missing.[11]
Hezbollah also confirmed the death of Ali Karaki, Commander of Hezbollah's Southern Front, along with other senior commanders.[85][86] Abbas Nilforoushan, deputy commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and commander of the Quds Force in Lebanon, was also killed.[12]
Succession
Hashim Safi Al Din, Hezbollah's second in command, is assumed to succeed Nasrallah as the Secretary-General of Hezbollah according to various reports. Safieddine is a cousin of Nasrallah and like him is a cleric. He also reportedly survived the attack on Beirut.[87]
Reactions
Domestic
Hezbollah
Hezbollah stated in a message that it would continue its fight against Israel. After the announcement of Nasrallah's death, the Hezbollah-affiliated Al-Manar TV aired Quran verses.[88]
Lebanon
Prime Minister Najib Mikati has denounced the attack, calling Lebanese civilians to "stand united in the face of aggression".[89]
In Beirut, Lebanese army tanks were deployed near the Burj Al Ghazal bridge to prevent clashes between Shia and Christian neighborhoods.[90] In the eastern part of the city, where Hezbollah's political rivals hold influence, some residents have reacted to Nasrallah's death with a blend of surprise and joy.[90]
International
Middle East
- Iran: According to The New York Times, Iran's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, convened an emergency meeting of the Supreme National Security Council at his residence.[91] Officials told Reuters that Khamenei had been moved to a secure location in Iran under increased security measures.[92] In response to the IDF's announcement of Nasrallah's assassination, Khamenei issued a statement urging Muslims to support Hezbollah and the people of Lebanon, calling them "to stand by the people of Lebanon and the proud Hezbollah with whatever means they have and assist them in confronting the ... wicked regime (of Israel)." Iranian state media reported that he also asserted, "the fate of this region will be determined by the forces of resistance, with Hezbollah at the forefront."[93] President Masoud Pezeshkian said that the attack would only "strengthen the resistance" and that the international community would not forget the "terrorist attack".[94] Some in Iran gathered in central locations to perform Shia mourning rituals, waving Hezbollah flags and chanting ballads.[90]
- Israel: IDF Chief of Staff Herzi Halevi stated that "This is not the end of our toolbox," adding that "those who threaten the citizens of the State of Israel – we will know how to reach them – in the North, in the South, and even in more distant places."[88] Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu returned early from a trip to the United States the day after the attack,[95] which he had reportedly approved while in New York, where he addressed the United Nations.[76]
- Palestine: The president of the Palestinian Authority Mahmoud Abbas offered his condolences after the attack, the PLO Executive Committee also released a statement offering condolences for the "martyrdom of Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah and the civilian victims killed by the Israeli occupation's onslaught".[96]
- Iraq: Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani and cleric Muqtada al-Sadr declared a three-day of mourning across the country.[97]
- Syria: In the city of Idlib, locals celebrated Nasrallah's death by distributing sweets, viewing him as a butcher responsible for the suffering and deaths of Syrians during the Syrian civil war.[23] The Syrian Social Nationalist Party released a statement mourning Nasrallah.[98]
Other
- France: The Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs stated that they are contacting the Lebanese authority to avoid further instability after the attack.[99]
- Germany: Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock stated that the attack is 'highly dangerous" and "threatens destabilisation for the whole of Lebanon", she further stated that it's "in no way in Israel's security interest".[100]
- Russia: The Foreign Ministry condemned Israel's assassination, warning it could escalate violence in Lebanon and the Middle East, and called for an immediate halt to hostilities.[101]
- United States: Defense secretary Lloyd Austin told Yoav Gallant that he is determined to prevent Iran from expanding the conflict and stated "I expressed my full support for Israel's right to defend itself and its people against Iranian backed terrorist groups."[87] House speaker Mike Johnson, House majority leader Steve Scalise, and House Republican Conference chairwoman Elise Stefanik issued a joint statement stating, "Hassan Nasrallah's reign of bloodshed, oppression, and terror has been brought to an end." and "The world is better without him."[87] President Joe Biden stated that "Nasrallah's death from an Israeli airstrike is a measure of justice for his many victims, including thousands of Americans, Israelis, and Lebanese civilians. The United States fully supports Israel's right to defend itself against Hezbollah, Hamas, Houthis, and any other Iranian-supported terrorist groups." He said he directed the defense secretary to bolster US military forces in the Middle East to deter aggression and reduce the risk of a broader regional war, while aiming to de-escalate conflicts in Gaza and Lebanon through diplomacy.[102][103]
Militant groups
Hamas and the Yemeni Houthi movement issued statements mourning Nasrallah.[90][104][105] A surface-to-surface ballistic missile launched from Yemen towards central Israel was shot down by the Arrow defense system.[106]
Political parties
The Amal Movement said that the death of Nasrallah would not weaken the resistance. It called Nasrallah a "martyr" and pledged to remain "shoulder to shoulder, heart to heart, and arm to arm" against Israel.[107]
Analysis
The Economist noted that "Mr Nasrallah's death will reshape Lebanon, and the region, in ways that would have been unthinkable a year ago." According to the newspaper, "Whoever takes the reins will face the most precarious moment in Hezbollah's four-decade history. It is not just that Israel has wiped out almost its entire military leadership, erasing centuries of experience in a matter of two months. It is also that the group stands humiliated in front of a Lebanese public that had already come to resent Hezbollah for its heavy-handed domination of politics."[23]
See also
- Night Time Operation
- Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh
- 20 September 2024 Beirut attack
- September 2024 Lebanon strikes
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ IDF Spokesperson's Unit (28 September 2024). "Press Briefing by IDF Spokesperson RAdm. Daniel Hagari - September 28, 2024". www.idf.il/en/. Archived from the original on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ Pasko, Simcha (28 September 2024). "IDF Confirms Death of Hezbollah Chief Nasrallah in Beirut Strike". The Media Line. Archived from the original on 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ "حزب الله ينعى أمينه العام حسن نصر الله" [Hezbollah mourns its secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah]. Al Jazeera (in Arabic). 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ Ben-Yishai, Ron (27 September 2024). "Nasrallah's fate may remain unknown for days after powerful bombings". Ynetnews. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
- ^ Hamdi Alkhshali and Vasco Cotovio. "Several buildings flattened after Israeli strikes, Lebanese state news agency reports". CNN. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
- ^ "Israel Targets Hezbollah Chief Nasrallah in Massive Beirut Strike; Israeli Officials Estimate 300 Killed". Haaretz. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
- ^ "Israel tracked Nasrallah for months before the assassination, officials say". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ "BREAKING: Hezbollah confirms Nasrallah is killed after Israeli strike". Middle East Monitor. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ a b c Yang, Maya; Lowe, Yohannes; Mackay, Hamish; Fulton, Adam; Lowe, Maya Yang (now) ; Yohannes; Fulton (earlier), Adam (28 September 2024). "Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah killed by Israel in major escalation of conflict – Middle East live". the Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b "Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah confirmed killed in Beirut attack". The Jerusalem Post. 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Lebanon PM condemns Israeli attack that killed Nasrallah, civilians". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ a b c d "Live Updates: Hezbollah Confirms Leader's Death in Israeli Airstrike". The New York Times.
- ^ "Live Updates: Israel Targets Hezbollah Leader in Strike on Residential Buildings Near Beirut". The New York Times. 27 September 2024.
- ^ "Iran's Supreme Leader moved to secure location under heightened security, sources say". Reuters. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Iran's supreme leader calls on Muslims to assist Lebanon in confronting Israel". The Jerusalem Post. 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Iranian president says Nasrallah killing to 'strengthen resistance'". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "PM returns early from trip to US after Nasrallah killing". Times of Israel. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Mahmoud Abbas offers condolences to Lebanon after Nasrallah's killing". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Iraq declares three days of mourning after Nasrallah killing". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "SSNP mourns Nasrallah, pledges to continue the march". National News Agency. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "France says working to prevent 'destabilisation' following Nasrallah's killing". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Lebanon destabilisation 'not in Israel's security interest': Germany". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ Marsi, Urooba Jamal,Federica. "Israel hits Beirut again after Hezbollah confirms Nasrallah's killing". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Biden: Nasrallah's death was 'measure of justice' for his many victims". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ House, The White (28 September 2024). "Statement from President Joe Biden on the Death of Hassan Nasrallah". The White House. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Yemen's Houthis mourn slain Hezbollah chief, say resistance will not be broken". Reuters. 28 September 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- ^ "Hamas mourns Hezbollah leader's killing". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
- ^ Fabian, Emanuel (28 September 2024). "IDF says missile fired from Yemen shot down outside of country's borders". Times of Israel.
- ^ "Amal Movement says Nasrallah's killing will only increase resistance". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
Sources
- Daher, Aurelie (2019). Hezbollah: Mobilization and Power. Oxford University Press.
- Current events from September 2024
- 2024 airstrikes
- 2024 building bombings
- 2020s in Beirut
- September 2024 events in Lebanon
- Airstrikes in Lebanon
- Airstrikes conducted by Israel
- Assassinations in Lebanon
- Attacks on buildings and structures in Beirut
- Building bombings in Lebanon
- Cross-border operations of Israel into Lebanon
- Military assassinations
- Military history of Beirut
- Targeted killing by Israel
- Spillover of the Israel–Hamas war
- Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
- Iran–Israel proxy conflict
- Israel–Lebanon relations
- Hezbollah