Jump to content

Donald Trump

Edit links
Page extended-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Kuru (talk | contribs) at 13:38, 9 August 2015 (fix link). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

For other uses, see Donald Trump (disambiguation).

Donald Trump
Trump at the 2015 Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC), March 2015
Born
Donald John Trump

(1946-06-14) June 14, 1946 (age 78)
Queens, New York City, U.S.
Alma materFordham University (transferred)
University of Pennsylvania (B.S.)
Occupations
Years active1968–present
Political partyRepublican (Before 1999; 2009–11; 2012–present)
Reform Party (1999–2001)[3]
Democratic (2001–09)[4]
Independent (2011–12)[5]
Spouse(s)Ivana Zelníčková (1977–92)
Marla Maples (1993–99)
Melania Knauss (2005–present)
ChildrenDonald Jr., Ivanka, Eric, Tiffany, and Barron
Parents
WebsiteOfficial website
Signature

Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American real estate magnate, television personality, politician, and author. He is the chairman and president of The Trump Organization and the founder of Trump Entertainment Resorts.[1] Trump's branding efforts, business career, outspoken manner, media appearances, as well as his books, have made him an American celebrity. He hosted The Apprentice,[2] a U.S. television program on NBC.

Trump is a son of Fred Trump, a New York City real estate developer.[10] Donald Trump worked for his father's firm, Elizabeth Trump & Son, while attending the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and, in 1968, officially joined the company.[11] He was given control of the company in 1971, renaming it The Trump Organization.[12][13] Trump remains a major figure in the real estate industry in the United States and a media celebrity.[14]

In 2010, Trump expressed an interest in becoming a Republican candidate for President in the 2012 election, but in May 2011, he announced he would not run.[15] On June 16, 2015, Trump formally announced his candidacy for President of the United States in the 2016 election, seeking the nomination of the Republican Party.[16][17] Trump's early campaigning has seen him catapult to high levels of popular support to the consternation of the Republican party leadership.[18] Since late July 2015, he has been at the top in the public opinion polls for the Republican Party nomination.[19][20]

Early life and education

Trump was born on June 14, 1946, in the borough of Queens in New York City, one of five children of Mary Anne (née MacLeod) and Fred Trump, who had married in 1936. His oldest brother, Fred Jr., died in 1981 at the age of 43.[21] Trump's mother was a Scottish immigrant, born on the Isle of Lewis, off the west coast of Scotland,[22] and Trump's paternal grandparents were German immigrants.[23] His grandfather, Frederick Trump (né Friedrich Drumpf), immigrated to the United States in 1885, and became a naturalized United States citizen in 1892. Frederick married Donald's grandmother, Elizabeth Christ (October 10, 1880 – June 6, 1966),[24] at Kallstadt, then Kingdom of Bavaria (since August 30, 1946: Rhineland-Palatinate), Germany, on August 26, 1902. They had three children.

While living in Jamaica Estates, Trump attended the Kew-Forest School in Forest Hills, Queens, where Fred Trump, Donald's father, was a member of the Board of Trustees. Some of his siblings also attended Kew-Forest. At age 13, after behavior problems led to his dismissal, his parents sent him to the New York Military Academy (NYMA), hoping to direct his energy and assertiveness in a positive manner.[25]

Trump attended Fordham University in the Bronx for two years, before transferring to the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, because Wharton then had one of the few real estate studies departments in US academia.[26] He graduated in 1968, with a Bachelor of Science degree in economics.[27]

Trump came of age for the draft during the Vietnam War. In an interview in 2011 on New York station WNYW,[28] he stated, "I actually got lucky because I had a very high draft number."[29] Selective Service records retrieved by The Smoking Gun from NARA records show that, although Trump did eventually receive a high selective service lottery number, he was not drafted earlier because of his student deferments (2-S) while attending college, and after receiving a medical deferment (1-Y, later converted to 4-F) prior to the lottery being initiated.[30]

Business career

Trump began his career at his father's real estate company,[31] Elizabeth Trump and Son,[32] which focused on middle-class rental housing in Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. One of Trump's first projects, while he was still in college, was the revitalization of the foreclosed Swifton Village apartment complex in Cincinnati, Ohio, which his father had purchased for $5.7 million in 1962. The Trumps became involved in the project and with a $500,000 investment, turned the 1,200-unit complex with a 66 percent vacancy rate to 100 percent occupancy within two years. In 1972, the Trump Organization sold Swifton Village for $6.75 million. Donald's involvement with the project was to perform some landscaping and menial labor.[33]

In 1971, Trump moved to Manhattan and became involved in larger building projects and used attractive architectural design to win public recognition.[10] He made plans to acquire and develop the old Penn Central for $60 million with no money down.[34] Later, with the help of a 40-year tax abatement from the New York City government, he turned the bankrupt Commodore Hotel into the Grand Hyatt[35] and created The Trump Organization.[36]

New York City had a plan to build the Javits Convention Center on property for which Trump held a right-to-buy option. Trump estimated his company could have completed the project for $110 million[37] but the city rejected his offer and Trump received a broker's fee on the sale of the property instead. Repairs on The Wollman Rink in Central Park (built in 1955) were started in 1980 with an expected 2½-year construction schedule but was nowhere near completion by 1986. Trump took over the management of the project, at no cost to the city, and completed it in three months for $1.95 million, which was $750,000 less than the initial budget.[38]

In 1988, Trump acquired the Taj Mahal Casino in a transaction with Merv Griffin and Resorts International.[39] This expansion, both personal and business, led to mounting debt.[40]

By 1989, poor business decisions left Trump unable to meet loan payments. Trump financed the construction of his third casino, the $1 billion Taj Mahal, primarily with high-interest junk bonds. Although he shored up his businesses with additional loans and postponed interest payments, by 1991, increasing debt brought Trump to business bankruptcy[40] and to the brink of personal bankruptcy. Banks and bond holders had lost hundreds of millions of dollars, but opted to restructure his debt to avoid the risk of losing more money in court. The Taj Mahal emerged from bankruptcy on October 5, 1991, with Trump ceding 50 percent ownership in the casino to the original bondholders in exchange for lowered interest rates on the debt and more time to pay it off.[41]

The late 1990s saw a resurgence in his financial situation. In 2001, he completed Trump World Tower, a 72-story residential tower across from the United Nations Headquarters.[42] Also, he began construction on Trump Place, a multi-building development along the Hudson River. Trump owns commercial space in Trump International Hotel and Tower, a 44-story mixed-use (hotel and condominium) tower on Columbus Circle. Trump owns several million square feet of prime Manhattan real estate.[43]

Trump has developed many real estate projects, such as Trump International Hotel and Tower – Honolulu, Trump International Hotel and Tower – Chicago, Trump International Hotel and Tower – Toronto, and Trump Tower – Tampa. In Fort Lauderdale, Florida, one of Trump's construction projects was put on hold in favor of another (Trump International Hotel and Tower – Fort Lauderdale). Meanwhile, Trump Towers Atlanta One was developed in a housing market having the nation's second-highest inventory of unsold homes.[44]

In 2015, Forbes estimated his net worth at $4.1 billion.[2] In June 2015, Business Insider published a June 30, 2014, financial statement supplied by Trump. The statement reflects his net worth as $8.7 billion. Of that amount, $3.3 billion is represented by "Real Estate Licensing Deals, Brand and Branded Developments," described by Business Insider as "basically [implying] that Trump values his character at $3.3 billion."[45] In July 2015, the Federal election regulators released new details of his wealth and financial holdings when he became a Republican presidential candidate.

Business ventures and investments

Main article: The Trump Organization
The Trump Organization owns, operates, develops and invests in real estate around the world such as Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago.

Trump branding and licensing

Beyond his traditional ventures in the real estate, hospitality, and entertainment industries, Trump has established the Trump name and brand in other industries and products. Trump has succeeded in marketing the Trump name on a large number of products, including Trump Financial (a mortgage firm), Trump Sales and Leasing (residential sales), Trump Restaurants (located in Trump Tower and consisting of Trump Buffet, Trump Catering, Trump Ice Cream Parlor, and Trump Bar), GoTrump (an online travel website),[46] Donald J. Trump Signature Collection (a line of menswear, men's accessories, and watches), Donald Trump The Fragrance (2004), Trump magazine, Trump Golf, Trump Chocolate, Trump home (home furnishings), Trump Productions (a television production company), Trump Institute, Trump The Game (1989 board game), Donald Trump's Real Estate Tycoon (a business simulation game), Trump Books, Trump Model Management, Trump Shuttle, Trump Ice, Trump Mortgage, Trump Vodka, and Trump Steaks. In addition, Trump reportedly receives $1.5 million for each one-hour presentation he does for The Learning Annex.[47]

In 2011, Forbes' financial experts estimated the value of the Trump brand at $200 million. Trump disputes this valuation, saying that his brand is worth about $3 billion.[48] Many developers pay Trump to market their properties and to be the public face for their projects.[49] For that reason, Trump does not own many of the buildings that display his name.[49] According to Forbes, this portion of Trump's empire, actually run by his children, is by far his most valuable, having a $562 million valuation. According to Forbes, there are 33 licensing projects under development including seven "condo hotels" (the seven Trump International Hotel and Tower developments).

Net worth

In April 2011, amidst speculation whether Trump would run as a candidate in the US presidential election of 2012, Politico quoted unnamed sources close to him stating that, if Trump should decide to run for president, he would file "financial disclosure statements that [would] show his net worth [was] in excess of $7 billion with more than $250 million of cash, and very little debt."[50] (Presidential candidates are required to disclose their finances after announcing their intentions to run.) Although Trump did not run as a candidate in the 2012 elections, his professionally prepared 2012 financial disclosure was published in his book stating a $7 billion net worth.[51] Estimates of Trump's net worth have fluctuated along with real estate valuations: In 2015, Forbes listed it as $4.1 billion.[8] On June 16, 2015, just prior announcing his candidacy for President of the United States, Trump released professionally prepared financial disclosure statements to the media stating a net worth of almost $9 billion.[52] In July 2015, the Federal election regulators released new details of his wealth and financial holdings when he became a Republican presidential candidate, reporting that his assets are worth above $1.4 billion, which includes at least $70 million in stocks, and he carries a debt of at least $265 million.[6][7][53]

Trump Tower

Main article: Trump Tower (New York City)
Trump Tower, at 725 Fifth Avenue, Manhattan

Trump Tower is a 58-story mixed-use skyscraper at 725 Fifth Avenue, at the corner of East 56th Street in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was developed by Trump and the Equitable Life Assurance Company. It is now just developed/owned by Donald Trump, and designed by Der Scutt of Swanke, Hayden Connell.[citation needed]

Stock market investments

In 2011, Trump made a rare foray into the stock market after being disappointed with the depressed American real estate market and facing poor returns on bank deposits. He stated that he wasn't a stock market person, but he also stated that prime real estate at good prices is hard to get. Among the stocks Trump purchased, he stated he bought stock in Bank of America, Citigroup, Caterpillar Inc., Intel, Johnson & Johnson, Procter & Gamble.[54] and Facebook.[55] On selling stock picks in 2014, Trump earned a $27 million profit, with 40 of the 45 stocks he purchased generating a profit in 2014.[56]

Sports

In 1983, Trump purchased the New Jersey Generals for the inaugural season of the United States Football League (USFL). The Generals hired former New York Jets head coach Walt Michaels. Prior to the inaugural season, Trump sold the franchise to Oklahoma oil magnate J. Walter Duncan. Prior to the 1984 season, Duncan sold the team back to Trump.[57]

The USFL planned to play its 1986 schedule in the fall, directly opposite the NFL, thanks mostly to Trump's strong advocacy of direct competition with the older, established league. Two years earlier, Trump sold most of his fellow owners on a move to the fall by arguing that it would eventually force a merger with the NFL—in which the owners of any USFL teams included in a merger would see their investment more than double.

The Generals merged with the Houston Gamblers during the extended offseason, adding such stars as quarterback Jim Kelly and wide receiver Ricky Sanders. Michaels was fired, replaced with former Gamblers coach Jack Pardee, who planned to bring the Gamblers' high-powered run and shoot offense with him. However, the USFL's "Dream Team" never took the field. The 1986 season was cancelled after the USFL won a minimal verdict in an antitrust lawsuit against the NFL; the league folded soon afterward.

Trump at one time acted as a financial advisor for Mike Tyson,[58] hosting Tyson's fight against Michael Spinks in Atlantic City.[59]

Golf

Turnberry Hotel, Ayrshire, Scotland

The Trump Organization operates many golf courses and resorts in the United States and around the world.[60] On February 11, 2014, it was announced that Trump had purchased Doonbeg Golf Club in the Republic of Ireland. It was confirmed that Doonbeg Golf Club would be renamed Trump International Golf Links, Ireland.[61] In 2006, Trump bought the Menie estate in Balmedie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland creating a highly contentious golf resort.[62][63] In April 2014, Trump purchased the Turnberry hotel and golf resort in Ayrshire, Scotland, which is a regular fixture in the Open Championship rota.[64][65] In June 2015, Trump's appeal objecting to an offshore windfarm (Aberdeen Bay Wind Farm) within sight of the golf links was denied.[66]

Beauty pageants

Further information: Miss USA and Miss Universe

Trump has owned the Miss Universe and Miss USA beauty pageants since 1996. Among the most recognized beauty pageants in the world, the pageant was founded in 1952 by the California clothing company Pacific Mills.

In 2015, NBC and Univision both ended their business relationships with the Miss Universe Organization after Trump's presidential campaign kickoff speech on June 16, in which he stated:

"The U.S. has become a dumping ground for everybody else’s problems. Thank you. It’s true, and these are the best and the finest. When Mexico sends its people, they’re not sending their best. They’re not sending you. They’re not sending you. They’re sending people that have lots of problems, and they’re bringing those problems with us. They’re bringing drugs. They’re bringing crime. They’re rapists. And some, I assume, are good people."[67]

Trump subsequently filed a $500 million lawsuit against Univision alleging a breach of contract and defamation. Cable network Reelz then acquired the rights to exclusively telecast the Miss USA pageant.[68][69]

Entertainment media

Trump with Dennis Rodman during the latter's participation on The Apprentice

In the media, Trump is a two-time Emmy Award–nominated personality, has made appearances as a caricatured version of himself in television series and films (e.g. Home Alone 2: Lost in New York, The Nanny, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Days of Our Lives, Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps.[70]), and as a character (The Little Rascals). He has been the subject of comedians, Flash cartoon artists, and online caricature artists. Trump also had his own daily talk radio program called Trumped!.[71][72][73][74][75]

In March 2011, Trump was the subject of a Comedy Central Roast. The special was hosted by Seth MacFarlane, and roasters included Larry King, Snoop Dogg, and Anthony Jeselnik among regular roast participants. Trump's daughter Ivanka was seen in the audience. In April 2011, Trump attended the White House Correspondents' Dinner, featuring comedian Seth Meyers. President Obama used the occasion to present several prepared jokes mocking Trump.[76]

The Apprentice

In 2003, Trump became the executive producer and host of the NBC reality show, The Apprentice, in which a group of competitors battled for a high-level management job in one of Trump's commercial enterprises. Contestants were successively "fired" and eliminated from the game. In 2004, Donald Trump filed a trademark application for the catchphrase "You're fired."[1][2][3]

For the first year of the show, Trump was paid $50,000 per episode (roughly $700,000 for the first season), but following the show's initial success, he is currently[when?] paid a reported $3 million per episode, making him one of the highest paid TV personalities.[citation needed] In July 2015, Trump reported in his personal financial disclosure statement with the Federal Election Commission that NBCUniversal had paid him $213,606,575 for his 14 seasons of hosting the show.[77] In 2007, Trump received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contribution to television (The Apprentice).[78]

Along with British TV producer Mark Burnett, Trump also put together The Celebrity Apprentice, in which well-known stars compete to win money for their charities. While Trump and Burnett co-produced the show, Trump stayed in the forefront, deciding winners and "firing" losers.

On February 16, 2015, NBC announced that they would be renewing The Apprentice for a 15th season.[79] 11 days later, Trump stated that he was "not ready" to sign on for another season because of the possibility of a presidential run.[80] Despite this, on March 18, NBC announced they were going ahead with production.[81] On June 29, after widespread negative reaction stemming from Trump's campaign announcement speech, NBC released a statement saying, "Due to the recent derogatory statements by Donald Trump regarding immigrants, NBCUniversal is ending its business relationship with Mr. Trump," apparently ending Trump's role in The Apprentice.[82]

World Wrestling Entertainment

Trump is a known World Wrestling Entertainment fan and friend of WWE owner Vince McMahon. He has hosted two WrestleMania events in the Trump Plaza and has been an active participant in several of the shows.[83] Trump's Trump Taj Mahal in Atlantic City was host to the 1991 WBF Championship (which was owned by WWE, known at the time as the "World Wrestling Federation"). Trump was interviewed by Jesse Ventura ringside at WrestleMania XX.[84]

He also appeared at WrestleMania 23 in a match called "The Battle of the Billionaires."[83] Trump was in the corner of Bobby Lashley, while Vince McMahon was in the corner of Lashley's opponent Umaga with Stone Cold Steve Austin as the special guest referee.[83] The stipulation of the match was hair versus hair, which means that either Trump or McMahon would have their head shaved if their competitor lost.[83] Lashley won the match, and he and Trump shaved McMahon bald.[83]

On June 15, 2009, as part of a storyline, McMahon announced on Monday Night Raw that he had "sold" the show to Trump.[83] Appearing on screen, Trump declared he would be at the following commercial-free episode in person and would give a full refund to the people who purchased tickets to the arena for that night's show.[83] McMahon "bought back" Raw the following week for twice the price.[83] His entrance theme "Money, Money" was written by Jim Johnston.

Trump was inducted into the celebrity wing of the WWE Hall of Fame in 2013 at Madison Square Garden for his contributions to the promotion. He made his fifth WrestleMania appearance the next night.[85]

Politics

Donald Trump speaking at the 2015 Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in National Harbor, Maryland on February 27, 2015

A 2011 report by the Center for Responsive Politics showed that over two decades of US elections, Donald Trump made contributions to campaigns of both Republican Party and Democratic Party candidates.[86] In February 2012, Trump endorsed Mitt Romney for president of the United States.[87] Trump was an early supporter of Ronald Reagan for president of the United States.[88]

In April 2011, he questioned President Barack Obama's proof of citizenship.[89] Trump also questioned whether Obama had good enough grades to warrant entry to Harvard Law School.[90] On April 25, 2011, Trump called for Obama to end the citizenship issue by releasing the long-form of his birth certificate.[91][92] Two days later, Obama made a formal statement in efforts by the White House to put the matter to rest with the release of the long-form of Obama's birth certificate.[93] Trump expressed pride at his role in the release of the long-form certificate in a press conference follow-up.[94]

Donald Trump has spoken before Tea Party supporters.[95][96][97] In December 2008, Trump emerged as an early supporter of the 2009 government backed rescue plan for the US auto industry which by 2012 was supported by 56% of Americans (63% support in Michigan), according a Pew Research Center poll.[98][99] Statements of Trump's hinting that vaccination would cause autism were subject to criticism in various media by the scientific community.[100][101] He has also been criticized for climate change-denying statements, because they are discordant with the opinion of the scientific community.[102]

Trump floated the idea of running for president in 1988, 2004, and 2012, and for governor of New York in 2006 and 2014, but did not enter those races.[103][104] He ran for the presidential nomination of the Reform Party in 2000, winning the party's California primary.[105][106][107][108] As Trump publicly speculated about seeking the 2012 Republican presidential nomination, a Wall Street Journal/NBC News poll released in March 2011 found Trump leading among potential contenders, one point ahead of former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney.[109] A Newsweek poll conducted in February 2011 showed Trump within a few points of Barack Obama, with many voters undecided in the November 2012 general election for president of the United States.[110] A poll released in April 2011 by Public Policy Polling showed Trump having a nine-point lead in a potential contest for the Republican nomination for President of the United States while he was still actively considering a run.[111][112] His moves were interpreted by some media as possible promotional tools for his reality show The Apprentice.[15][113][114] On May 16, 2011, Trump announced he would not run for president.[15] Public Policy Polling described the events of May 2011 as "one of the quickest rises and falls in the history of presidential politics."[115] In December 2011, Donald Trump was named among the top six of the ten most admired men and women living, according to a USA Today/Gallup poll.[116]

In January 2013, Trump (who is a notably popular figure in Israel,[117] where his name is attached to products sometimes without his permission)[118] released a video endorsing Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu during the 2013 Israeli elections, stating that "A strong prime minister is a strong Israel."[119][120] In 2015, Trump was awarded the 'Liberty Award' at the 'Algemeiner Jewish 100 Gala' in honor of his positive contributions to US–Israel relations.[121] Trump stated: "I have so many friends in Israel."[122]

In 2013, Trump was a featured speaker at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC).[123] The speech was not well-attended.[124] He spent over $1 million to research a possible run for president of the United States.[125] In October 2013, New York Republicans had circulated a memo suggesting Trump should run for governor of the state in 2014 against Andrew Cuomo. Trump said that while New York had problems and taxes were too high, running for governor was not of great interest to him.[126] In February 2015, Trump opted not to renew his television contract for The Apprentice, generating speculation that he might run for President of the United States in 2016.[127]

Presidential campaign, 2016

Donald Trump campaigning at the Laconia Rally, Laconia, New Hampshire.
Main article: Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016

Trump formally announced his candidacy for president of the United States in the 2016 elections on June 16, 2015, from his headquarters in Trump Tower in New York City.[16][17] Trump launched his campaign declaring the official slogan, "We are going to make our country great again" with a commitment to become the "greatest jobs president that God ever created."[17][128] A survey conducted by The Economist/YouGov released July 9, 2015 became significant as the first major nationwide poll to show Trump as the 2016 Republican presidential frontrunner.[129] A Suffolk/USA Today poll released on July 14, 2015 showed a 17% support for Trump among Republican voters, with runner-up Jeb Bush picking up 14%.[130] A Washington Post-ABC News poll taken on July 16–19 showed Trump had 24% Republican support, over Scott Walker at 13%.[131] A CNN/ORC poll showed Trump in the lead at 18% support among Republican voters, over Jeb Bush at 15%.[132][133] In CBS news poll from August 4, Trump was again first with 24% of support, Bush was second at 13% and Walker was third at 10%.[134]

Personal life

Donald Trump
Melania Knauss-Trump

Trump is popularly known as The Donald, a nickname perpetuated by the media after his first wife Ivana Trump referred to him as such in an interview.[135]

Trump's mother, Mary Anne, was born in 1912 at Tong, Stornoway on the Isle of Lewis, off the coast of Scotland. In 1930, aged 18, on a holiday in New York, she met Fred Trump and stayed in New York. Born in Queens, New York,[136] Trump has four siblings: two brothers, Fred, Jr. (who is deceased) and Robert S. Trump; and two sisters, Maryanne and Elizabeth. His older sister, Maryanne Trump Barry, is a federal appeals court judge.

In 1977, Trump married Ivana Zelníčková, a native of the Czech Republic, and together they have three children: Donald, Jr. (born December 31, 1977), Ivanka (born October 30, 1981), and Eric (born January 6, 1984). They were divorced in 1992. In 1993, he married Marla Maples and together they had one child, Tiffany (born October 13, 1993). They divorced on June 8, 1999. In a February 2008 interview on ABC's news program Nightline, Trump commented on his ex-wives by saying, "I just know it's very hard for them [Ivana and Marla] to compete because I do love what I do. I really love it."

On April 26, 2004, he proposed to Melania Knauss, a native of Slovenia. Trump and Knauss married on January 22, 2005, at Bethesda by the Sea Episcopal Church, on the island of Palm Beach, Florida, followed by a reception at Trump's Mar-A-Lago estate.[137] Melania gave birth to a boy named Barron William Trump, Trump's fifth child, on March 20, 2006.[138][139]

Trump has seven grandchildren: five from his son Donald Jr. (Kai Madison,[140] Donald John III,[141] Tristan Milos,[142] Spencer Frederick and Chloe Sophia) and two from his daughter Ivanka (Arabella Rose and Joseph Frederick[143][144]).

Trump is a Presbyterian.[9] In an April 2011 interview, on the 700 Club, Trump said, "I'm a Protestant, I'm a Presbyterian. And you know I've had a good relationship with the church over the years. I think religion is a wonderful thing. I think my religion is a wonderful religion."[145][146]

Of his daughter Ivanka's conversion to Judaism he said: "Not only do I have Jewish grandchildren, I have a Jewish daughter and I am very honored by that."[147]

Four of Trump's businesses have declared Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[148] According to a 2011 report by Forbes, these were due to over-leveraged hotel and casino businesses in Atlantic City: Trump’s Taj Mahal (1991), Trump Plaza Hotel (1992), Trump Hotels and Casino Resorts (2004), and Trump Entertainment Resorts (2009).[149][150] Trump said "I've used the laws of this country to pare debt. … We'll have the company. We'll throw it into a chapter. We'll negotiate with the banks. We'll make a fantastic deal. You know, it's like on 'The Apprentice'. It's not personal. It's just business."[151] He indicated that other "great entrepreneurs" do the same.[149]

Trump’s first corporate bankruptcy was in 1991 when Trump Taj Mahal was unable to pay its obligations.[151] Forbes indicated that his first bankruptcy was the only one where his personal wealth was involved. Time, however, maintains that also in the later 2004 bankruptcy $72 million of his personal money was involved.[152]

On November 2, 1992, the Trump Plaza Hotel filed a prepackaged Chapter 11 protection plan. Under the plan, Trump agreed to give up a 49 percent stake in the luxury hotel to Citibank and five other lenders.[153] In return Trump would receive more favorable terms on the remaining $550+ million owed to the lenders, and retain his position as chief executive, though he would not be paid and would not have a role in day-to-day operations.[154]

In the subsequent restructuring of these two events, Trump had eliminated a large portion of his $900 million personal debt by 1994[155] and reduced significantly his nearly $3.5 billion in business debt. While he relinquished the Trump Princess yacht and the Trump Shuttle (which he had bought in 1989), he managed to retain Trump Tower in New York City and control of his three casinos in Atlantic City. Trump sold his ownership of West Side Yards to Asian developers as a result of his negotiations with Chase Manhattan Bank. Trump was reportedly paid a premium for placing his well known moniker on the buildings that eventually arose. In 1995, he combined his casino holdings into the publicly held Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts. The real estate assets became a source of wealth even when profits had struggled.[156]

The third corporate bankruptcy was on October 21, 2004, when Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts announced a restructuring of its debt.[157] The plan called for Trump's individual ownership to be reduced from 56 percent to 27 percent, with bondholders receiving stock in exchange for surrendering part of the debt. Trump Hotels was forced to seek voluntary bankruptcy protection to stay afloat. After the company applied for Chapter 11 Protection in November 2004, Trump opted to relinquish his CEO position but retained a role as Chairman of the board. In May 2005[158] the company emerged from bankruptcy as Trump Entertainment Resorts Holdings.[159]

The most recent corporate bankruptcy occurred in 2009. On February 13, Trump announced that he would resign from the board of Trump Entertainment Resorts and four days later the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[160] At that time, Trump Entertainment Resorts had three properties in Atlantic City: Trump Taj Mahal, Trump Plaza, and Trump Marina (sold in 2011). In early August 2014, Donald Trump filed a lawsuit requesting his name be removed from the Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino and the Taj Mahal facilities since he no longer runs or controls the company.[161] Trump Entertainment Resorts filed again for bankruptcy in 2014.[162]

In 1973, the Justice Department unsuccessfully sued Trump Management Corporation for alleged racial discrimination, at which time Trump was the company's president.[163] The federal government filed the lawsuit against his New York City real estate company for allegedly discriminating against potential black renters, which Trump never admitted. The case was settled out of court in 1975.[164]

In March 1990, after an analyst at Janney Montgomery Scott said that Trump's Taj Mahal project would initially "break records" but would fail before the end of that year, Trump threatened to sue the firm unless the analyst recanted or was fired. The analyst refused to retract the statements, and was fired by his firm.[165] Taj Mahal declared bankruptcy for the first time in November 1990.[166] A defamation lawsuit by the analyst against Trump for $2 million was settled out of court.[167] The analyst's statements regarding the Taj Mahal's prospects were later called "stunningly accurate."[168]

In January 2002, the Securities and Exchange Commission brought a financial-reporting case against Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts Inc., alleging that it had committed several "misleading statements in the company's third-quarter 1999 earnings release." The matter was settled with the defendant neither admitting nor denying the charge.[169]

During the 2008 financial crisis, Trump International Hotel and Tower in Chicago was unable to sell sufficient units. Lender Deutsche Bank refused to let Trump lower the prices on the units to spur sales. Arguing that the financial crisis and resulting drop in the real estate market is due to circumstances beyond his control, Trump invoked a clause in the contract to not pay the loan.[170] Trump then initiated a suit asserting that his image had been damaged. Both parties agreed to drop their suits, and sale of the units went on.[171]

In September 2011, an appellate court upheld a New Jersey judge's decision dismissing Trump's $5 billion defamation lawsuit against author Timothy L. O'Brien, who had reported in his 2006 book, TrumpNation: The Art of Being The Donald, that Trump's true net worth was in fact between $150 and $250 million dollars, not the "billions" Trump had told the author and publicly stated in 2005.[172] Trump complained that the author's alleged underestimation of his net worth was motivated by malice and had cost him business deals and reputational damage.[173] The appellate court, however, noted the consistency of O'Brien's three confidential sources.[174]

After producing his birth certificate, Trump sued comedian Bill Maher for $5 million in 2013 after remarks made on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Trump claimed Maher's $5 million reward, payable to a charity, if he proved he wasn't the son of an orangutan, was a serious offer. "That wasn't a joke," Trump said. Trump withdrew his lawsuit after eight weeks.[175]

On August 24, 2013, a lawsuit filed by New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, whose claims were dismissed by the Manhattan Superior Court, had accused Trump of defrauding more than 5,000 people of $40 million for the opportunity to learn Trump's real estate investment techniques in a for-profit training program, Trump University.[176][177][178] On January 30, 2014, the New York court dismissed all of the Attorney General's fraud claims against Trump, allowing only the licensing aspect of the case to proceed.[179] In October 2014, the New York court found Trump only liable for not obtaining a license to operate the for-profit investment school, Trump Entrepreneur Initiative, formerly known as Trump University.[180] In a separate class action civil suit in mid-February 2014, a San Diego federal judge allowed claimants in California, Florida, and New York to proceed.[181]

In August 2014, former 2012 Miss Pennsylvania Sheena Monnin ultimately settled a $5 million arbitration judgment against her, having been sued by Trump after alleging that Miss USA 2012 pageant results were rigged. Monnin wrote on her Facebook page that another contestant told her during a rehearsal she had seen a list of the top five finalists, and when those names were called in their precise order, Monnin realized the pageant election process was suspect, compelling Monnin to resign her Miss Pennsylvania title. Trump's lawyer said that Monnin's allegations had cost the pageant a lucrative British Petroleum sponsorship deal and threatened to discourage women from entering Miss USA contests in the future.[182] According to Monnin, testimony from the Miss Universe Organization and Ernst & Young revealed that the top 15 finalists were selected by pageant directors regardless of preliminary judges' scores.[183] As part of the settlement, Monnin was not required to retract her original statements.[182] "Standing on truth has cost me much," Monnin said.[184]

In late October 2014, model Alexia Palmer filed a civil suit against Trump Model Management for promising a $75,000 annual salary but paying only $3,380.75 for three years' work. Palmer claims to be owed more than $200,000. Palmer charged that Trump Model Management, charged, in addition to a management fee, "obscure expenses" from postage to limousine rides that consumed the remainder of her compensation. Trump attorney Alan Garten claims the lawsuit is "bogus and completely frivolous."[185][186]

In 2015, Trump initiated a $100 million lawsuit against Palm Beach County claiming that officials, in a "deliberate and malicious" act, pressured the FAA to direct air traffic to the Palm Beach International Airport over his Mar-A-Lago estate.[187] The air traffic is allegedly damaging the construction of the building and disrupting its ambience. Trump had previously sued twice over airport noise.[187]

In 2015, Trump initiated a $10 million lawsuit against José Andrés claiming that he backed out of a deal to open the flagship restaurant at Trump International Hotel Washington, D.C..[188]

Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist David Cay Johnston as well as investigative journalist Wayne Barrett, who wrote an unauthorized 1992 Trump biography, have alleged that Trump and his companies did business with New York and Philadelphia families linked to to the Italian-American Mafia.[189][190] Trump purchased the future site of Atlantic City's Trump Plaza for twice its market value from noted Philadelphia crime family member Salvatore Testa, and according to the State of New Jersey Commission of Investigation's 1986 report on organized crime, constructed the casino using two firms controlled by Nicodemo "Little Nicky" Scarfo, Sr.[190] Although Trump was a federal target in a 1979 bribery investigation, and later questioned in a 1981 racketeering probe, neither investigation resulted in criminal charges.[190] Trump omitted mention of the federal bribery investigation from his New Jersey casino license application and persuaded state officials to limit his background investigation.[189] In addition, Trump Tower and other New York City properties were constructed with concrete from a firm owned by Anthony "Fat Tony" Salerno, head of the Genovese crime family, and "Big Paul" Castellano, head of the Gambino crime family.[189] Trump walked out of a BBC Panorama interview after being asked why he continued to do business for a year with Felix Sater, an ex-convict who identified himself a "senior advisor to Donald Trump" (a claim disputed by Trump's representatives), after Sater's mafia and Russian criminal ties, as well as a 1998 racketeering conviction, were publicly reported.[191][192]

Awards and honors

Trump's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Bibliography

Trump has written many books, including:

  • Trump: The Art of the Deal (1987)
  • Trump: Surviving at the Top (1990)
  • Trump: The Art of Survival (1991)
  • Trump: The Art of the Comeback (1997), co-written with Kate Bohner.
  • Trump: How to Get Rich (2004)
  • The Way to the Top: The Best Business Advice I Ever Received (2004)
  • Trump: Think Like a Billionaire: Everything You Need to Know About Success, Real Estate, and Life (2004)
  • Trump: The Best Golf Advice I Ever Received (2005)
  • Why We Want You to be Rich: Two Men – One Message (2006), co-written with Robert Kiyosaki.
  • Think Big and Kick Ass in Business and Life (2007), co-written with Bill Zanker. (ISBN 978-0-06-154783-6)
  • The America We Deserve (2000) (with Dave Shiflett, ISBN 1-58063-131-2)
  • Trump: The Best Real Estate Advice I Ever Received: 100 Top Experts Share Their Strategies (2007)
  • Trump 101: The Way to Success (2007)
  • Trump Never Give Up: How I Turned My Biggest Challenges into Success (2008)
  • Think Like A Champion: An Informal Education in Business and Life (2009)
  • Midas Touch: Why Some Entrepreneurs Get Rich-And Why Most Don't (2011), co-written with Robert Kiyosaki. (ISBN 1-61268-095-X)
  • Time to Get Tough: Making America No. 1 Again. Regnery Publishing. December 5, 2011. p. 256. ISBN 978-1-59698-773-9.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Hoover's coverage by Diane Ramirez (January 2, 2008). "The Trump Organization information and related industry information from Hoover's United Kingdom (UK)". Hoovers.com. Retrieved September 25, 2011.[dead link]
  2. ^ a b c d "Donald Trump". Forbes. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
  3. ^ "Jesse The Body Ventura bodyslams national Reform Party". CNN. March 13, 2000.
  4. ^ Griffith, Carson; Fischer, Molly (February 15, 2011). "President Trump? The Donald swapped party affiliations for potential presidential bid in 2009: doc". Daily News.
  5. ^ "Donald Trump switches party affiliation to independent". CBS News.
  6. ^ a b "Donald Trump wealth details released by federal regulators". Yahoo News. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  7. ^ a b http://images.businessweek.com/cms/2015-07-22/7-22-15-Report.pdf
  8. ^ a b Donald Trump. Forbes, Retrieved June 18, 2015.
  9. ^ a b Mattera, Jason (March 14, 2011). "Trump Unplugged". Human Events. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
  10. ^ a b "Donald(John) Trump biography". biography.com. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
  11. ^ Trump, Donald; Schwartz, Tony (1987). The Art of the Deal. Random House. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-345-47917-4.
  12. ^ Blair, Gwenda (2005). Donald Trump: Master Apprenticel. Simon & Schuster. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-7432-7510-1.
  13. ^ Trump, Donald; Schwartz, Tony (1987). The Art of the Deal. Random House. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-345-47917-4.
  14. ^ Ashish Mody, Vishal N Mehta. "Donald Trump : The Art of the Deal" (PDF). Flame Investment Lab. Retrieved June 19, 2015.
  15. ^ a b c CNN Political Unit (May 16, 2011). "BREAKING: Trump not running for president". CNN. Retrieved May 16, 2011. {{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  16. ^ a b Reid J. Epstein (June 16, 2015)."Donald Trump Enters 2016 Presidential Race". The Wall Street Journal.
  17. ^ a b c John Santucci and Veronica Stracqualursi (June 16, 2015). "Donald Trump Announces 2016 Presidential Campaign: 'We Are Going Make our Country Great Again'. ABC News.
  18. ^ Matt Latimer, "Trump Schools the Republican Establishment: GOP elites are only making The Donald stronger," Politico July 28, 2015
  19. ^ Jennifer Agiesta, "CNN/ORC poll: Trump elbows his way to the top" CNN July 26, 2015
  20. ^ See for summary of current polls
  21. ^ "Flashy Symbol of an Acquisitive Age: DONALD TRUMP". Time. January 16, 1989.
  22. ^ Scottish Genealogy, Scottish Ancestry – Donald Trump Scottishroots.com. Retrieved February 12, 2014.
  23. ^ "Ancestry of Donald Trump – Trump Family Tree". Genealogy.about.com. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  24. ^ "Ancestry of Donald Trump". WARGS. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  25. ^ Bender, Marylin (August 7, 1983). "The empire and ego of Donald Trump". The New York Times. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  26. ^ Gwenda Blair (2005). Donald Trump: Master Apprentice. Simon and Schuster. pp. 16–. ISBN 978-0-7432-7510-1.
  27. ^ Donald Trump Biography. Biography.com. Retrieved July 10, 2011.
  28. ^ The Donald and the Draft. "National review online" Retrieved July 18, 2016
  29. ^ Donald Trump avoided Vietnam with deferments, records show. "cbsnews.com." Retrieved July 17, 2015.
  30. ^ Deferments Helped Trump Dodge Vietnam. "Thesmokinggun.com." Retrieved July 18, 2015.
  31. ^ "In Step With: Donald Trump". Parade. November 14, 2004. Archived from the original on October 14, 2010.
  32. ^ Trump: the art of the deal, Paperback, ISBN 978-0-446-35325-0, page 46 "He called his company Elizabeth Trump & Son ..."
  33. ^ Korte, Gregory. "Complex was troubled from beginning". Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  34. ^ Trump, Donald; Bill Zanker (2007). Think Big and Kick Ass in Business and in Life. HarperCollins. pp. 79, 123, 211. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
  35. ^ David Margolick (December 3, 2000). "The House that Fred Built". The New York Times. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
  36. ^ "Entity Information". Appext9.dos.ny.gov. April 23, 1981. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  37. ^ "No Stadium Needed". The New York Sun. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  38. ^ "Faster and cheaper, Trump finishes N.Y.C. ice rink". The Philadelphia Inquirer. November 1, 1986. Retrieved February 27, 2014.
  39. ^ Cuff, Daniel (December 18, 1988). "Seven Acquisitive Executives Who Made Business News in 1988: Donald Trump – Trump Organization; The Artist of the Deal Turns Sour Into Sweet". The New York Times. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
  40. ^ a b "Trump Trips Up". Time. May 6, 1991. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  41. ^ "Taj Mahal is out of Bankruptcy". The New York Times. October 5, 1991. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  42. ^ "Trump World Tower". Emporis. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  43. ^ Fitch, Stephane (September 21, 2006). "What is Trump Worth?". Forbes. Retrieved July 4, 2008.
  44. ^ Frangos, Alex (November 16, 2007). "Stalled Condo Projects Tarnish Trump's Name". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  45. ^ Udland, Myles (June 16, 2015). "Donald Trump's self-described net worth is $8.7 billion – here's the breakdown". Business Insider.
  46. ^ Archived (Date missing) at gotrump.com (Error: unknown archive URL)
  47. ^ "That's rich! The Donald cash advice costs 1.5m". Daily News. New York. October 23, 2005. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  48. ^ Blankfeld, Keren. "Donald Trump On His Brand Value: Forbes' Numbers Are Ridiculous". Forbes.
  49. ^ a b Frangos, Alex (May 18, 2009). "Trump on Trump: Testimony Offers Glimpse of How He Values His Empire". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  50. ^ Haberman, Maggie. "Donald Trump: The $7 billion dollar man". Politico. Retrieved May 12, 2013.
  51. ^ Trump, Donald J. (December 5, 2011). Time to Get Tough: Making America #1 Again. Regnery Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59698-773-9.
  52. ^ Robert Costa and Maria Gold (June 15, 2015).Donald Trump will declare $9 billion in assets as he reveals 2016 plans
  53. ^ "The government just released a document detailing Donald Trump's alleged $10 billion fortune". Bloomberg Business.
  54. ^ Jeff Cox (August 11, 2011). "Trump Changes Gears, Now Buying Bluechip Stocks". CNBC. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  55. ^ Hawkinvest (December 3, 2012). "Why I Would Buy One Of Donald Trump's Favorite Stocks And Sell The Other". Seeking Alpha. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
  56. ^ Looks like Trump can pick some stocks Eamon Javers, Thursday, July 16, 2015
  57. ^ "Sports People; New Jersey Generalities". The New York Times. April 4, 1984. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  58. ^ Anderson, Dave (July 12, 1988). "Sports of The Times; Trump: Promoter Or Adviser?". The New York Times. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  59. ^ "Trump Gets Tyson Fight". The New York Times. February 25, 1988. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
  60. ^ Brently Romine (June 16, 2015).Donald Trump announces he will run for president in 2016. Golfweek.
  61. ^ "Donald Trump buys Doonbeg GC". bunkered. February 11, 2014. Retrieved February 11, 2014.
  62. ^ Carolyn Churchill (February 16, 2010). "First look at Trump plan for 'world's best course'". The Herald. Glasgow. Retrieved June 18, 2012.
  63. ^ Laurie Tuffrey. "Trump opens controversial Scottish golf course". Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  64. ^ "US property tycoon Donald Trump buys Turnberry resort". BBC News. April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  65. ^ Carter, Iain (April 29, 2014). "Turnberry: Donald Trump deal should not affect Open status". BBC News. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
  66. ^ Enoch, Nick (June 5, 2015).Donald Trump loses latest legal challenge against an offshore wind farm project near his Scottish golf resort. Daily Mail.
  67. ^ Jonathan Capehart (June 17, 2015). "Donald Trump's 'Mexican rapists' rhetoric will keep the Republican Party out of the White House". Washington Post. Retrieved July 30, 2015.
  68. ^ Natalie Tadena (July 2, 2015).Donald Trump’s Miss USA Pageant Lands on Reelz Cable Channel. Wall Street Journal.
  69. ^ "Trump: 'Last Thing Mexico Wants Is Donald Trump as President' – Breitbart". Breitbart. Retrieved July 30, 2015.
  70. ^ "Slashfilm.com". Slashfilm.com. November 30, 2009. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  71. ^ Corey Deitz (April 29, 2004). "He's Hired: Trump Goes National With New Radio Feature". About.com. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  72. ^ Corey Deitz. ""Trumped!" - Donald Trump On Radio". About.com. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  73. ^ Simone Payment. Donald Trump: Profile of a Real Estate Tycoon: Easyread Super Large 20pt Edition. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  74. ^ Stephen M. Silverman (April 29, 2004). "The Donald to Get New Wife, Radio Show". People. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  75. ^ "Donald Trump Biography". trump.com. Archived from the original on March 17, 2009. Retrieved March 17, 2009.
  76. ^ "Obama mocks Trump at WH correspondents' dinner". CBS News. May 1, 2011. Retrieved May 24, 2011.
  77. ^ Byers, Dylan (July 15, 2015). "Trump claims $213M payout for 'Apprentice'". Politico.com. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
  78. ^ *Johnson, M. Alex (July 13, 2015). "'The Answer Is No': Bill Cosby's Hollywood Walk of Fame Star Is Staying Put". NBC News. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
  79. ^ Andy Swift (February 16, 2015). "The Apprentice Renewed for Season 15". Retrieved July 28, 2015.
  80. ^ Paul Feeley (February 27, 2015). "Trump won't renew 'Apprentice' so that he might focus on a presidential run". Retrieved July 28, 2015.
  81. ^ Dylan Byers (March 18, 2015). "NBC still planning for 'Apprentice,' despite Donald Trump's presidential claims". Retrieved July 28, 2015.
  82. ^ Jacob Siegel (June 29, 2015). "NBC Just Fired Presidential Hopeful Donald Trump from 'The Apprentice'". Retrieved July 28, 2015.
  83. ^ a b c d e f g h "Donald Trump bio". WWE. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
  84. ^ Powell, John. "WrestleMania XX bombs". SLAM! Wrestling. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
  85. ^ Murphy, Ryan. "Donald Trump announced for WWE Hall of Fame". WWE.
  86. ^ Newkirk, Zachary (February 17, 2011). "Donald Trump's Donations to Democrats, Club for Growth's Busy Day and More in Capital Eye Opener". Center for Responsive Politics, OpenSecrets.org.
  87. ^ Trump endorses Romney, cites tough China position and electability. Fox News, February 2, 2012.
  88. ^ Martosko, David (May 12, 2015).EXCLUSIVE: Trump trademarked slogan 'Make America Great Again' just DAYS after the 2012 election and says Ted Cruz has agreed not to use it again after Scott Walker booms it TWICE in speech. Daily Mail.
  89. ^ "Trump goes after Obama on US citizenship, says citizenship questions remain unanswered". The Washington Post. Associated Press. April 7, 2011.
  90. ^ Madison, Lisa (April 26, 2011).Trump: How did Obama get into the Ivy League?. CBS News.
  91. ^ "Trump claims Obama birth certificate 'missing'". CNN. April 25, 2011. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  92. ^ "Birtherism: Where It All Began". Politico. April 22, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2011.
  93. ^ Obama Birth Certificate Released By White House (PHOTO).The Huffington Post April 27, 2011. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
  94. ^ Trump takes credit for Obama birth certificate release, but wonders "is it real?" CBS News April 27, 2011. Retrieved May 9, 2011.
  95. ^ Jaime Fuller (April 12, 2014). "Ted Cruz and Rand Paul are the big draws at the Freedom Summit". Washington Post. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  96. ^ "Donald Trump Freedom Summit – Video – C-SPAN.org". C-SPAN.org. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  97. ^ "Trump bashes, boasts, and curses in first major Tea Party speech". Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  98. ^ Gene J. Koprowski (December 10, 2008).Trump: Rescue Big 3, but Then Its Bankruptcy. News Max.
  99. ^ Elspeth Reeve (February 23, 2012)."Most Americans Now Think Auto Bailout Was a Good Idea". Thewire.com.
  100. ^ Novella, Steven. "http://theness.com/neurologicablog/index.php". Neurologica Blog. Retrieved July 7, 2015. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  101. ^ Krieg, Gregory J. (August 23, 2012). "Donald Trump Plays Doctor on Twitter". ABC News. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
  102. ^ Mooney, Chris. "Dear Donald Trump: Winter Does Not Disprove Global Warming". The Huffington Post. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  103. ^ Smith, Kyle (May 30, 2015). "Stop pretending — Donald Trump is not running for president". New York Post. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
  104. ^ Travis, Shannon (May 17, 2011). "Was he ever serious? How Trump strung the country along, again". CNN. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
  105. ^ "Ballot Access News – Donald Trump Ran For President in 2000 in Several Reform Party Presidential Primaries". ballot-access.org. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
  106. ^ "CA Secretary of State – Primary 2000 – Statewide Totals". ca.gov. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
  107. ^ Madison, Lucy (October 4, 2010) "Donald Trump for President in 2012?", CBS News. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
  108. ^ Zwick, Jesse (October 4, 2010) "Donald Trump for President?", The Washington Independent. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
  109. ^ Haberman, Maggie (March 7, 2011).Trump tops Romney, Pawlenty. WNBC. Retrieved March 7, 2011.
  110. ^ Schoen, Douglas (February 21, 2011). "Obama Hits 50 Percent Approval Rating, According to New Newsweek/Daily Beast Poll". Newsweek / Daily Beast Company LLC. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
  111. ^ Shadid, Aliyah (April 15, 2011)."Donald Trump takes lead in GOP primary poll, beats Romney, Huckabee, Palin, Gingrich, Bachmann, Paul". Daily News (New York). Retrieved April 17, 2011.
  112. ^ "Public Policy Polling" (PDF). Retrieved September 25, 2011.
  113. ^ "Donald Trump says he might run for president. Three reasons he won't". The Christian Science Monitor. February 10, 2011. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  114. ^ Linkins, Jason (February 11, 2011). "Donald Trump Brings His 'Pretend To Run For President' Act To CPAC". The Huffington Post. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  115. ^ "Public Policy Polling – May 10, 2011". Publicpolicypolling.blogspot.com. May 10, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
  116. ^ "Donald Trump Places Sixth On Gallup's 'Most Admired' List". The Huffington Post, December 28, 2011.
  117. ^ Donald Trump, Big In Israel, Endorses Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Maya Shwayder, January 15, 2013, International Business Times.
  118. ^ דונלד טראמפ נגד פיקסל סחר: משתמשת בשמי ללא אישור 14/04/2011, 16:21שלח תגובה במיילצמרת פרנט, Globes
  119. ^ Allison Kaplan Sommer (January 16, 2013). "'You're not fired!' Donald Trump endorses Netanyahu". Haaretz. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
  120. ^ Maya Shwayder (January 15, 2013). "January 15, 2013". IB Times. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
  121. ^ "Algemeiner Honors Joan Rivers, Donald Trump, Yuli Edelstein at Second Annual 'Jewish 100' Gala". Algemeiner Journal. February 5, 2015.
  122. ^ Donald Trump Pledges Loyalty to Israel Jewish Voice WEDNESDAY, July 1, 2015, BY JACOB KAMARAS
  123. ^ "Donald Trump to address CPAC". Yahoo! News. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
  124. ^ "Trump Delivers CPAC Speech to Half-Empty Room".
  125. ^ "Trump researching 2016 Run". New York Post. May 27, 2013.
  126. ^ Spector, Joseph (October 14, 2013). "N.Y. Republicans want Donald Trump to run for governor". USA Today. Retrieved October 31, 2013.
  127. ^ Paul Feely (February 27, 2015). "Trump won't renew 'Apprentice' so that he might focus on a presidential run". New Hampshire Union Leader.
  128. ^ Full text: Donald Trump announces a presidential bid. Washington Post, June 16, 2015.
  129. ^ Colin Campbell (July 9, 2015).Donald Trump has surged to the top of 2 new 2016 polls. Business Insider.
  130. ^ "Donald Trump leads GOP field in latest poll". Politico. July 14, 2015.
  131. ^ "Poll: Trump surges to big lead in GOP presidential race". Washington Post. July 20, 2015.
  132. ^ "Trump tops CNN poll of 2016 Republicans, says he leads 'movement'". Reuters.
  133. ^ Jennifer Agiesta, CNN Polling Director (July 26, 2015). "CNN/ORC poll: Trump elbows his way to the top". CNN. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  134. ^ "Election 2016: CBS News poll – Donald Trump leads GOP field in race for the presidency". cbsnews.com. August 4, 2015.
  135. ^ Fleischer, Matt (January 25, 1999). "Trump vs Trump in Battle of the Exes". The New York Observer. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
  136. ^ "Donald Trump Proves He Was Born In Queens", Fox News, March 28, 2011.
  137. ^ Brown, Tina (January 27, 2005). "Donald Trump, Settling Down". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  138. ^ Choron, Harry; Choron, Sandy (2011). Money. Chronicle Books. p. 251. ISBN 978-1-4521-0559-8.
  139. ^ "Donald Trump Fast Facts". CNN.com. March 7, 2014. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
  140. ^ Dagostino, Mark (May 13, 2007). "Kai Madison". People. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  141. ^ Dagostino, Mark (February 18, 2009). "Donald John Trump III". People. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  142. ^ Michaud, Sarah (October 3, 2011). "Donald Trump, Jr. Welcomes Son Tristan Milos". People. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  143. ^ "Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner welcome baby girl", Herald Sun, July 17, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  144. ^ "Ivanka Trump tweets birth announcement of 1st child, a daughter born in NYC", The Washington Post, July 17, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  145. ^ Jones, Lawrence (April 12, 2011). "Donald Trump: Christianity is a 'wonderful religion'". The Christian Post. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
  146. ^ Haberman, Maggie (April 11, 2011). "Donald Trump Talks Religion: 'I Am a Christian'". Politico. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
  147. ^ Algemeiner Journal Jewish 100 Gala Honors Donald Trump, Joan Rivers and Yuli Edelstein The Jewish Voice, WEDNESDAY, 11 February 2015 07:13 BY TZVI ALLEN FISHMAN
  148. ^ Hao Li (April 12, 2011). "Donald Trump Questioned on His Bankruptcies". International Business Times. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
  149. ^ a b Clare O’Connor (April 29, 2011). "Fourth Time's A Charm: How Donald Trump Made Bankruptcy Work For Him". Forbes magazine. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
  150. ^ James Hirby. "How is Donald Trump Able to File for Bankruptcy So Many Times?". The Law Dictionary. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
  151. ^ a b Amy Bingham (April 21, 2011). "Donald Trump's Companies Filed for Bankruptcy 4 Times". abc news. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
  152. ^ Claire Suddath (April 29, 2011). "The Bankruptcies". Time magazine. Retrieved February 19, 2015.
  153. ^ "The Donald's Trump Card". Bloomberg Business. March 22, 1992. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
  154. ^ "Trump Plaza Hotel Bankruptcy Plan Approved". The New York Times. December 12, 1992. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  155. ^ "Donald Trump". Magazine USA. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  156. ^ O'Brien, Timothy L. (October 23, 2005). "What's He Really Worth". The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
  157. ^ "Trump casinos file for bankruptcy". MSNBC. November 22, 2004. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  158. ^ "Company news: Trump delays emergence from bankruptcy by a week". The New York Times. May 5, 2005. Retrieved May 22, 2008.
  159. ^ "Indiana Gaming Commission on Trump Resorts' Bankruptcy" (PDF). Indiana Gaming Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 27, 2007. Retrieved July 7, 2007.
  160. ^ Peterson, Kyle (February 17, 2009). "Trump Entertainment files for bankruptcy". Reuters. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  161. ^ Parry, Wayne. "Trump: Plaza and Taj Mahal to shabby to bear his name anymore". philly.com. Associated Press. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
  162. ^ Reuters (September 9, 2014). "Trump Entertainment Resorts Files For Bankruptcy". Huffington Post. Retrieved February 19, 2015. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  163. ^ "Donald Trump Was Once Sued By Justice Department For Not Renting To Blacks". The Huffington Post. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  164. ^ Justin Elliott. "Donald Trump's racial discrimination problem". Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  165. ^ Henriques, Diana (March 27, 1990). "Analyst Who Criticized Trump Casino Is Ousted". The New York Times. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
  166. ^ Hylton, Richard (November 17, 1990). "Trump, $47 million Short, Gives Investors 50% of His Prize Casino". The New York Times. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
  167. ^ "Analyst Settles Trump Lawsuit". The New York Times. Reuters. June 11, 1991. Retrieved May 27, 2011.
  168. ^ "Analyst Gets Last Laugh On Trump". philly-archives. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  169. ^ "SEC Brings First Pro Forma Financial Reporting Case". SEC. January 16, 2002. Retrieved April 10, 2011.
  170. ^ Floyd Morris (December 4, 2008). "Trump Sees Act of God in Recession". The New York Times.
  171. ^ "Donald Trump, Deutsche Bank reach truce over Chicago skyscraper's finances". Chicago Tribune. March 4, 2009. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  172. ^ Goodman, Peter S. (July 15, 2009). "Trump Suit Claiming Defamation Is Dismissed". The New York Times. Retrieved August 4, 2015.
  173. ^ Cohan, William D. (March 20, 2013). "The Lawsuits of Donald Trump". The Atlantic. Retrieved August 4, 2015.
  174. ^ Gardner, Eriq (September 8, 2011). "Donald Trump Loses Libel Suit Over Being Called A 'Millionaire'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 4, 2015.
  175. ^ Ax, Joseph (April 3, 2013). "Trump withdraws 'orangutan' lawsuit against comic Bill Maher". Reuters. Retrieved August 4, 2015.
  176. ^ Trump wins partial victory against AG in real estate school suit. New York Real Estate News, February 1, 2014.
  177. ^ "Lawsuit Alleges Trump Defrauded 'Students' In Seminars Meant To Teach Investing Wisdom". Forbes.
  178. ^ "Donald Trump accused of stalling on $40M fraud case against Trump University". Daily News (New York).
  179. ^ "NY AG's 'Trump U' Fraud Claims Left Intact By NYC Judge". Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  180. ^ Karen Freifeld (October 16, 2014). "New York judge finds Donald Trump liable for unlicensed school". Reuters. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
  181. ^ Fire Ant. "Donald Trump to Face Fraud, Racketeering Claims in California Class Actions. New York Fraud Case Continues". New Times Broward-Palm Beach. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  182. ^ a b Zadrozny, Brandy; Mak, Tim (July 31, 2015). "Trump Lawyer Bragged: I 'Destroyed' a Beauty Queen's Life". Daily Beast. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  183. ^ Finn, Natalie (July 5, 2013). "Sheena Monnin Loses Donald Trump Appeal: Ex-Miss Pennsylvania Says She's Glad Truth is Out, Solicits Donations for Legal Fees". E! Online. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  184. ^ "Sheena Monnin Must Pay Donald Trump $5 Million, Judge Rules". Inquisitr. July 5, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  185. ^ "Model sues Donald Trump's agency, saying she was cheated out of $75G salary". New York Daily News. October 17, 2014. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  186. ^ "Trump agency stiffed Jamaican model out of $200K: suit". New York Post. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
  187. ^ a b Matt Sedensky (January 13, 2015). "Trump sues for $100M, says air traffic targets him". USA Today. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  188. ^ Heil, Emily (July 31, 2015). "Trump sues José Andrés for $10M for backing out of restaurant deal". The Washington Post. The Washington Post. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
  189. ^ a b c Johnston, David Cay (July 10, 2015). "21 Questions For Donald Trump". The National Memo. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  190. ^ a b c Frates, Chris (July 31, 2015). "Donald Trump and the mob". CNN. Retrieved August 4, 2015.
  191. ^ Sweeney, John (July 8, 2013). "Donald Trump walks out over questions about his mafia connections during BBC Panorama interview". The Independent. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  192. ^ Bagli, Charles V. (December 17, 2007). "Real Estate Executive With Hand in Trump Projects Rose From Tangled Past". The New York Times. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
  193. ^ "The Gaming Hall of Fame". University of Nevada Las Vegas. Retrieved August 30, 2009.
  194. ^ Donald Trump Honored In Gray Line New York's Ride Of Fame Campaign Forbes. June 8, 2010.
  195. ^ Pauline Smith and Andrew Youngson. (September 16, 2010). Donald Trump Honoured by Robert Gordon University. Robert Gordon University.
  196. ^ Mitzi Bible (September 24, 2012).Donald Trump addresses largest Convocation crowd, praises Liberty's growth. Liberty University News Service, September . Liberty University News Service.

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Donald Trump (category)
Wikiquote has quotations related to Donald Trump.
Business positions
New title Chief Executive Officer of Trump Hotels and Casino Resorts
1995–2004 		Succeeded by
Robert Griffin

Template:Persondata

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Donald_Trump&oldid=675269061"