Stadacona
Stadacona was a 16th-century St. Lawrence Iroquoian village near present-day Québec City.
History
French explorer and navigator Jacques Cartier, travelling and charting the Saint Lawrence River, reached the village of Stadacona in July 1534.[1] At the time, the village chief was Donnacona. Despite efforts by the people of the village, Cartier seized some inhabitants and their chief,[2] but later released Donnacona and he agreed for his two sons, Taignoagny and Domagaya,[3] to return with Cartier to France for a year.[4]
Cartier returned to Stadacona with Lord Donnacona’s sons on his next voyage in 1535-1536, where he recorded a word they had used to refer to their home: “They call a town, Canada”.[5] When he and his crew stayed over the winter, they were effectively saved by the Stadaconans, who knew how to prepare for them a vitamin-rich broth as a cure for scurvy, which had already killed a quarter of Cartier’s crew.[6] The same winter, more than 50 Iroquois of the village died from diseases carried by the Europeans.[7] After this, Cartier seized Donnacona, his sons, and seven other inhabitants, and took them back to France, where nine of the ten would die. None would ever return.[8] Five years later, Cartier would come back to Stadacona, but he was not welcomed by the Stadaconans.[9]
Samuel de Champlain later chose the location of the village to establish the colony of l'Habitation, which would eventually grow into the city of Québec.
References
- ^ Conrad Margaret, Finkel Alvin, Jaenen Cornelius. History of the Canadian Peoples: Beginnings to 1867. Mississauga: Copp Clark Pitman. 1993, p. 92.
- ^ Nelles H.V.. “A Little History of Canada”. Don Mills, Ontario. 2005, p. 20.
- ^ Francis Douglas, Jones Richard, Smith Donald B.. “Journeys: A History of Canada”. Toronto, Ontario. Thomson Nelson. 2006, p. 27.
- ^ Conrad Margaret, Finkel Alvin, Jaenen Cornelius. History of the Canadian Peoples: Beginnings to 1867. Mississauga: Copp Clark Pitman. 1993, p. 92.
- ^ Francis Douglas, Jones Richard, Smith Donald B.. “Journeys: A History of Canada”. Toronto, Ontario. Thomson Nelson. 2006, p. 27.
- ^ Francis Douglas, Jones Richard, Smith Donald B.. “Journeys: A History of Canada”. Toronto, Ontario. Thomson Nelson. 2006, p. 27.
- ^ Nelles H.V.. “A Little History of Canada”. Don Mills, Ontario. 2005, p. 20.
- ^ Conrad Margaret, Finkel Alvin, Jaenen Cornelius. History of the Canadian Peoples: Beginnings to 1867. Mississauga: Copp Clark Pitman. 1993, p. 93.
- ^ Conrad Margaret, Finkel Alvin, Jaenen Cornelius. History of the Canadian Peoples: Beginnings to 1867. Mississauga: Copp Clark Pitman. 1993, p. 93.
See also
46°49′28″N 71°14′36.4″W / 46.82444°N 71.243444°W
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