Transylvanian Landler dialect
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| Transylvanian Landler | |
|---|---|
| Landlerisch | |
| Native to |  Romania[a] |
| Region |  Sibiu County (German: Kreis Hermannstadt),  Transylvania (German: Siebenbürgen or Transsilvanien) |
Native speakers | c. 1,500 worldwide |
Indo-European
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | land1263 |
Transylvanian Landler (German: Siebenbürgisch Landlerisch) is a German dialect of the Transylvanian Landler (German: Siebenbürger Landler) community who lives in Sibiu County (German: Kreis Hermannstadt) in southern Transylvania, central Romania.[1] Transylvanian Landler is a southern dialect of the German language and has many linguistic features in common with Bavarian (German: Bairisch). It is estimated that approximately 1,500 people speak this dialect of German at a native level.
Geographical location
Traditionally, it has been spoken in several communes situated in Sibiu County where in the past Austrian Protestants (more specifically Evangelical Lutherans) expelled from Salzkammergut area were allowed to settle. These communes are: Großau (Romanian: Cristian), Großpold (Romanian: Apoldu de Sus), and Neppendorf (Romanian: Turnișor).[2][3][4][5]
The ancestors of the Transylvanian Landlers stem from Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich), Styria (German: Steiermark), and Carinthia (German: Kärnten).[6] The Transylvanian Landler dialect was also spoken by 40 native speakers in Sebeș (German: Mühlbach), Alba County in the past. Consequently, the Transylvanian Landlers were surrounded mostly by Romanian speakers and Transylvanian Saxons (which subsequently influenced their dialect as well).
The Transylvanian Landler community has been living in Sibiu County since the mid 18th century onwards. It is considered an endangered German dialect as it is mostly spoken by 200 older people in Transylvania and a few hundred in Germany. Aside from Transylvanian Landler, the Transylvanian Landlers also speak:
Number of speakers in the past
In the past, during the early 20th century and more specifically during the 1930s, it is estimated that the total number of Transylvanian Landler speakers in their three rural communities in southern Transylvania peaked at 6,000. This number, however, has gradually dwindled to a very tiny minority to the present-day, when it is estimated that this German dialect is spoken by approximately 1,500 people worldwide.
Multilingualism
All Transylvanian Landlers speak Transylvanian Saxon and Standard High German, aside from their dialect. They also speak Romanian.
Notes
References
- ^ Dr. Wilfried Schabus. "Der Dialekt der Landler" (PDF) (in German). Retrieved 9 February 2023.
- ^ Verband der Siebenbürger Sachsen in Deutschland e.V. "Sprechen Sie landlerisch?". Siebenbuerger.de (in German). Retrieved 30 January 2023.
- ^ "Turnișor/Neppendorf". Kirchenburgen.org (in German). 17 March 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ Jürgen Henkel (14 August 2014). "Landler erzählen ihren Lebensalltag". Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien (in German). Retrieved 9 February 2023.
- ^ Roland Girtler (9 February 2023). "Kirchgang in Großpold – der "Kirchenschlaf"" (PDF) (in German).
- ^ Claudia Siceanu. "The "Landler" From Sebeș" (PDF). Retrieved 1 February 2023.