View source for 日本

{{also|𪰐}}
==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|2=origin|lit=the sun's origin; where the sun originates}}
{{zh-wp|zh:日本 (消歧義)|yue|lzh|gan|hak|cdo|nan|wuu}}

===Etymology===
This [[appellation]] comes from [[imperial]] [[correspondence]] between the Chinese {{w|Sui Dynasty}} and Japan, and refers to the [[eastward]] [[position]] of Japan relative to China.

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=Rìběn
|dg=Жы3бын2
|c=jat6 bun2
|ca=Yue-yat6bun2.ogg
|c-t=ngit5 bon2
|h=pfs=Ngi̍t-pún
|j=reh4 beng2
|md=Nĭk-buōng
|mn=zz,zp,kh,pn,sg:Ji̍t-pún/xm,qz,tp,jj,ph:Li̍t-pún
|mn-t=rig8 bung2
|w=5zeq pen
|mc=y
|cat=pn
}}
{{rfp|mnp|Min Bei}}

===Proper noun===
{{head|zh|proper noun}}

# {{place|zh|country/and/archipelago|r/East Asia|t1=Japan}}
#: {{zh-x|^日本 電視劇|'''Japanese''' TV drama}}

====Synonyms====
{{zh-syn-saurus|日本}}

====Derived terms====
{{zh-der|日本化|日本腦炎|日本人|日本銀行|日本語|日本箏|小日本|大日本帝國|日本刀|日本料理|日本血吸蟲|日本金龜子|日本鬼子|日本暖流|日本郵輪——遲早完|日本味精——未知數|日本首相——左騰右騰}}

====Descendants====
{{CJKV||^にほん|^일본|Nhật Bản|j2=^にっぽん|j3=^じっぽん}}
''Others (incomplete list)'':
* {{desc|bor=1|ms|Jepang|Jepun}} {{q|via Min Nan}}
** {{desc|bor=1|id|Jepang|Jepun}}
** {{desc|nl|Japan|bor=1}}
** {{desc|pt|Japão|der=1}}
*** {{desc|en|Japan|der=1}}
* {{desc|mnc|ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ|bor=1}}
* {{desc|th|ญี่ปุ่น|bor=1}}
* {{desc|bo|ཇི་བེན|bor=1}}
* {{desc|wuh|reben|bor=1}}
* {{desc|za|Yizbwnj|bor=1}}

===See also===
* {{zh-l|日劇}}
* {{zh-l|日語}}
* {{zh-l|日文}}
* {{zh-l|日}} {{qualifier|abbreviation}}

{{zh-cat|Countries in Asia|Japan}}

==Japanese==

===Etymology 1===
{{ja-kanjitab|に|ほん|yomi=nanori,goon}}
{{wikipedia|lang=ja}}
{{wikipedia|Names of Japan}}

{{IPAchar|/nitɨpoɴ/}} → {{IPAchar|/nip̚poɴ/}} → {{IPAchar|/niɸoɴ/}} → {{IPAchar|/nihoɴ/}}

Coined in Japan of [[Sinic]] elements, as compound of {{com|ja|sort=にほん|日|tr1=nichi|t1=[[sun]]|本|tr2=hon|t2=[[origin]]}} and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The ''hon'' element was apparently pronounced {{IPAchar|/poɴ/}} when first coined. Over time, the initial {{IPAchar|/p/}} [[lenition|lenited]], becoming {{IPAchar|/ɸ/}} as shown in the ''Nifon'' entry in the 1603 ''Nippo Jisho'' ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary").<ref name="NPJ">{{R:Nippo Jisho}}</ref> This then became the {{IPAchar|/h/}} sound in modern Japanese.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref>

In older texts, this was read as ''{{ll|ja|訓読み|kun'yomi}}'' as {{m|ja|日の本|tr=Hinomoto}}. The ''{{ll|ja|音読み|on'yomi}}'' readings ''Nippon'' and ''Nihon'' became more common in the {{w|Heian period}}, with both persisting into modern use.<ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref> The ''Nihon'' reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.<ref>'''2012''', {{lang|ja|[http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXBZO37629750Y1A221C1000000/ ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?]}}, ''[[w:The Nikkei|The Nikkei]]''</ref>

This may be related to the famous letter from {{w|Prince Shōtoku}} to {{w|Emperor Yang of Sui}} sent via the {{w|Japanese missions to Sui China|Japanese mission to Sui China in 607}}, wherein we see the first mention of Japan as the {{m|en|Land of the Rising Sun}}, and a description of China as ''Land of the Setting Sun'':
: {{zh-x|日 出 處 天子 致書 日 沒 處 天子 無恙 云云|...the prince of the land of the rising sun sends a letter to the emperor of the place where the sun sets, for good health and so on.|CL|collapsed=y|nocat=y}}

{{m|zh|[[日]][[出]][[處]]|lit=[[sun]] + [[emerge]] + [[place]]}} here refers to Japan, while {{m|zh|[[日]][[沒]][[處]]|lit=sun + [[sink#Verb|sink]] + place}} refers to [[China]].

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|acc_ref=NHK,SMK5|acc=2|にほん|audio=ja-nihon(日本).ogg}}

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|にほん}}

# {{short for|ja|日本国|tr=Nihon-koku|dot=:|sort=にほん}} {{place|ja|country/and/archipelago|r/East Asia|t1=Japan}}
#* {{RQ:Nippo Jisho|463}}
#*: '''Nifon''' {{lang|ja|ニホン (日本) 日本.}}
# {{surname|ja|sort=にほん}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top3}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%一|^に%ほん%-いち}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%海|^に%ほん%かい}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%語|に%ほん%ご}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%鹿|^ニ%ホン%-ジカ}}
* {{ja-r|日%本 時%間|^に%ほん ^じ%かん}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%式|^に%ほん%-しき}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%酒|に%ほん%しゅ}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%中|^に%ほん%-じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|日%本 書紀|^に%ほん ^しょき}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%食|^に%ほん%-しょく}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%人|に%ほん%じん}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%刀|に%ほん%とう}}
* {{ja-r|日%本 標%準%時|^に%ほん ^ひょう%じゅん%じ}}
* {{ja-r|日%本 料%理|^に%ほん りょう%り}}
* {{ja-r|北 日%本|^きた ^に%ほん}}
* {{ja-r|西%南 日%本|^せい%なん ^に%ほん}}
* {{ja-r|大 日%本|^だい ^に%ほん}}
* {{ja-r|東%北 日%本|^とう%ほく ^に%ほん}}
* {{ja-r|西 日%本|^にし ^に%ほん}}
* {{ja-r|東 日%本|^ひがし ^に%ほん}}
* {{ja-r|南 日%本|^みなみ ^に%ほん}}
{{der-bottom}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|mul|bor=y|nihonium}}
** {{desc|ja|bor=y|ニホニウム}}

===Etymology 2===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=goon|にち|k1=にっ|ほん|k2=ぽん}}

{{IPAchar|/nitɨpoɴ/}} → {{IPAchar|/nip̚poɴ/}}

Phonetic variant of ''Nihon'' above, maintaining the {{IPAchar|/p/}} sound (likely due to [[rendaku]].)

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|acc_ref=NHK,SMK5|acc=3|にっぽん|audio=ja-nippon(日本).ogg}}

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|にっぽん}}

# {{short for|ja|日本国|tr=Nippon-koku||[[Japan]]}}
#* {{RQ:Nippo Jisho|466}}
#*: '''Nippon''' {{lang|ja|ニッポン（日本）}} Fino moto. {{lang|ja|(日の本) 日本.}}
#* {{quote-book|ja|genre=fiction||{{w|lang=ja|藤子・F・不二雄|Fujiko F. Fujio}}|{{lw|ja|ドラえもん のび太とアニマル惑星|{{ruby|のび[太](た)とアニマル[惑星](プラネット)}}}}|trans-title={{w|Doraemon: Nobita and the Animal Planet|Nobita and the Animal Planet}}|location=Tokyo|publisher=Shogakukan|date=Nov 30 1998|edition=22nd|origdate=Nov 25 1990|isbn=4-09-140610-6|volume=10||27|series={{lw|ja|大長編ドラえもん}}|seriesvolume=10}}
#*: {{ja-usex|ぼくらは'''日本'''からきたんだけど…。|^ぼくら は '''^にっぽん''' から きた ん だ けど…。|We’re from '''Japan''', by the way….}}{{ja-usex|'''ニッポン'''？きいたことない。|'''ニッポン'''？き.いた こと ない。|'''Japan'''? I’ve never heard of that before.}}
# {{surname|ja}}

=====Usage notes=====
* ''Nippon'' is the official reading of {{m|ja|日本}}, although ''Nihon'' is also acknowledged.
* In everyday conversation, ''Nihon'' is more common. <!--https://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/summary/kotoba/research/002.html-->
* Politically, ''Nippon'' appears to be correlated with right-wing groups, and ''Nihon'' with left-wing groups.

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top3}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%一|^にっ%ぽん%-いち}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%語|^にっ%ぽん%ご}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%国|^にっ%ぽん%-こく}}
* {{ja-r|日%本 銀%行|^にっ%ぽん ^ぎん%こう}}
* {{ja-r|日%本中|^にっ%ぽん-じゅう}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%人|にっ%ぽん%じん}}
* {{ja-r|日%本%刀|にっ%ぽん%とう}}
* {{ja-r|大 日%本|^だい ^にっ%ぽん}}
{{der-bottom}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|en|Nippon|bor=y|pos=n}}
* {{desc|bor=y|fr|Nippon|pos=n|nippon|pos2=a}}
* {{desc|bor=y|lfn|Nion|pos=n|nion|pos2=a}}
* {{desc|id|Nippon|bor=y|pos=n}}

===Etymology 3===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=kanon|じつ|k1=じっ|ほん|k2=ぽん}}

&#42;{{IPAchar|/zitʉpon/}} → {{IPAchar|/zip̚pon/}} → {{IPAchar|/ʑip̚pon/}}

Uses the ''[[漢音#Japanese|kan'on]]'' reading ''jitsu'' for {{l|ja|日}}, as compared to the ''[[呉音#Japanese|goon]]'' reading ''nichi''.  First appears in texts from the early 1600s,<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref> notably the 1603 Japanese-Portuguese dictionary ''{{w|Nippo Jisho}}''.  Probably influenced by European-language terminology for the country,<ref name="KDJ"/><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref> such as {{cog|pt|Japão}} or {{cog|nl|Japan}}, in turn arising from {{cog|nan|日本|tr=Ji̍t-pún}} via {{cog|ms|Jepun}}, or from {{cog|nan|日本|tr=Ji̍t-pńg}} via {{cog|ms|Jepang}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|acc=3|じっぽん}}

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|じっぽん}}

# {{lb|ja|sort=にっぽん|archaic}} [[Japan]]
#* {{RQ:Nippo Jisho|365}}
#*: '''Iippon''' {{lang|ja|ジッポン (日本)}} Fino moto. {{lang|ja|(日の本) 東洋. すなわち、日本.}}
#*: ['''Note:'''The quoted ''ii'' in ''iippon'' is the 16th century Portuguese romanization representing [ji].]

===Coordinate terms===
{{der-top3|Coordinate terms}}
* {{ja-r|皇%国|こう%こく}}
* {{ja-r|^ジパング}}
* {{ja-r|^ジャパン}}
* {{ja-r|大%東|^だい%とう}}
* {{ja-r|東%洋|^とう%よう}}
* {{ja-r|日%東|^にっ%とう}}
* {{ja-r|日の本|^ひのもと}}
* {{ja-r|瑞%穂の国|^みず%ほ の くに}}
* {{ja-r|大和|^やまと|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|倭|^やまと}}
* {{ja-r|和|^わ}}
{{der-bottom}}

===See also===
* {{list:prefectures of Japan/ja}}

===References===
<references/>

===Anagrams===
* {{ja-r|本%日|ほん%じつ}}

{{cln|ja|words with multiple readings}}
{{topics|ja|Japan|Countries in Asia|Islands|sort=にほん}}

==Korean==
{{ko-hanjatab}}

===Proper noun===
{{ko-propn|hangeul=일본}}

# {{hanja form of|일본|[[Japan]]}}

==Old Japanese==

===Etymology===
The kanji spelling is influenced by {{m|ojp|[[日]][[の]][[本]]|tr=pi<sub>1</sub> no<sub>2</sub> mo<sub>(2)</sub>to<sub>2</sub>}}.

===Proper noun===
{{head|ojp|proper noun|tr=Yamato<sub>2</sub>|kana|やまと|sort=やまと}}

# {{alt sp|ojp|大和|tr=Yamato<sub>2</sub>}}: [[Yamato]], [[ancient]] [[name]] of [[Japan]]

====Derived terms====
* {{m|ojp|日本武尊|tr=Yamato<sub>2</sub> Takeru no<sub>2</sub> mi<sub>1</sub>ko<sub>2</sub>to<sub>2</sub>}}
* {{m|ojp|大日本|tr=Opoyamato<sub>2</sub>}}

==Vietnamese==
{{vi-hantutab}}

===Proper noun===
{{vi-proper noun|sc=Hani}}

# {{han tu form of|Nhật Bản|[[Japan]]}}