View source for 敦

{{character info}}
==Translingual==

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=66|rad=攴|as=08|sn=12|four=08440|canj=YDOK|ids=⿰享攵}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[噋]] [[墩]] [[憞]] [[撴]] [[暾]] [[橔]] [[潡]] [[燉]] [[犜]] [[獤]] [[㻻]] [[礅]] [[㬿]] [[譈]]([[𬤣]]) [[蹾]] [[鐓]]([[镦]]) [[䪃]] [[驐]]([[𮪥]]) [[鷻]] [[䔻]] [[墪]] [[憝]] [[撉]] [[䃦]] [[鐜]] [[𠎄]] [[𡡬]] [[𥋆]] [[𫄃]] [[𬚧]] [[𦪔]] [[𧑒]] [[𧝋]] [[𠓎]] [[𪆝]] [[𡼖]] [[𥂦]] [[𮕁]] [[𧝗]] [[𩞤]] [[𪆃]]([[𬸫]]) [[𣦤]]}}

====References====
* {{Han ref|kx=0473.080|dkj=13276|dj=0826.100|hdz=21468.010|uh=6566|ud=25958|bh=B4B0|bd=46256}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|alt=㪟,𦎫,𦎧,𣀦,𢼪,𠧈,𠧉}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
Originally written {{zh-l|*𦎫}} in {{w|oracle bone script}} and {{w|bronze script}}, an {{Han compound|亯|羊|ls=ic|t1=ancestral shrine|t2=sheep|nocap=yes}}. According to Ma Rulin (馬如森), the character represents a cooked goat used as a sacrifice. According to Ma Xulun (馬敍倫) and Yang Shuda (楊樹達), the character's original meanings was "to cook" and is the original form of [[燉]].

Later used to mean “to force; to compel” and came to be written with {{zh-l|*攴}}, making the modern form an {{Han compound|𦎫|攴|ls=ic|ls2=psc|c1=p|c2=s|t2=hand|nocap=yes}}. The character [[燉]] was graphically shaped after the modern version.

===Etymology 1===
; “thick; earnest; plentiful; large”
: From {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*(t/d)ow-n||thick}}.

; “Tun”
: From {{bor|zh|ms|Tun}}.

{{etystub|zh}}

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=dūn
|c=deon1
|h=pfs=tûn
|md=dŭng
|mn=tun
|mn-t=dung1
|px=pt:dong1/xy:duong1
|w=sh:1ten
|mc=2
|oc=2+3,3
|cat=a,v,pn
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{†}} [[angry]]
# to [[urge]]
# {{†}} to [[advise]] and [[encourage]]
# {{†}} [[diligent]]
# [[earnest]]; [[honest]]; [[generous]]
# {{†}} [[intimate]]
# {{†}} [[thick]]
# {{†}} [[plentiful]]; [[rich]]
# {{†}} [[large]]
# {{†}} to [[attach]] [[importance]] to; to [[esteem]]; to [[revere]]
# {{†}} to [[put down|put something down]] with great [[force]]
# {{place|zh|river|p/Shanxi}}
# {{lb|zh|Malaysia}} [[Tun]] {{gloss|Malay honorific title}}
# {{surname|zh}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|厚厚敦敦|培敦|倫敦宣言|京斯敦|倫敦|可敦|倫敦鐵塔|克敦孝行|可賀敦|倫敦影展|敦煌曲子|敦請|敦打|敦厚|敦仁|敦實|敦煌石室|敦搠|敦囑|敦煌|敦樸|敦聘|敦煌壁畫|敦坐|敦品勵學|敦倫|敦世厲俗|敦蹄刷腳|溫柔敦厚|摩敦|王敦擊壺|敦煌石窟|敦促|敦敦實實|敦風厲俗|敦序|敦親睦鄰|敦睦|陪敦|開普敦|鄧虜淪敦|貝希斯敦|敦化|堥敦}}

===Etymology 2===
[[File:Bronze dui vessel with inlaid geometric cloud pattern.JPG|thumb]]

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=duì
|c=deoi3,deoi6
|cat=n
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|historical}} [[ancient]] [[vessel]] used to hold [[grain]]s

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|敦槃}}

===Etymology 3===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=duī
|c=deoi1
|mc=1
|oc=1,1
|cat=a,v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{†}} to [[administer]]; to [[manage]]
#* {{zh-x|敦{Duī} ^商 之 旅，克 咸 厥 功。|[Wu] '''disposed of''' the troops of Shang;<br>He and his men shared equally in the achievement.|ref=Shijing}}
# {{†}} [[solitary]]
#* {{zh-x|敦{Duī} 彼 獨 宿，亦 在 車 下。|And '''quietly and solitarily''' did we pass the night,<br>Under our carriages.|ref=Shijing}}
# {{†}} to [[throw]]
# {{†}} to [[force]] upon
#* {{zh-x|王事 敦{duī} 我，政事 一 埤 遺 我。|The king's business is '''thrown on''' me,<br>And the affairs of our government are left to me more and more.|ref=Shijing}}

===Etymology 4===
See {{och-l|團}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=tuán
|c=tyun4
|mc=3
|oc=n,2
|cat=a
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{†}} [[clustered]]
# {{†}} {{alt form|zh|團|t=round}}
#* {{zh-x|有 敦{tuán} 瓜 苦，烝 在 栗 薪。|There were the '''round''' bitter gourds hanging,<br>From the branches of the chestnut trees.|ref=Shijing}}

===Etymology 5===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=dùn
|mc=4
|cat=v,n
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{†}} to [[erect]]
# {{†}} {{alt form|zh|墩|t=[[mound]]}}

===Etymology 6===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=dùn
|c=deon6
|cat=a
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|混敦||敦然}}

===Etymology 7===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=tūn
|cat=n
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|敦恨}}

===Etymology 8===
{{zh-see|雕|v}}

===Etymology 9===
{{zh-see|燾|v}}

===Etymology 10===
{{zh-see|淳|v}}

===Etymology 11===
{{zh-see|屯|v}}

===Etymology 12===
{{zh-see|墩|ss}}

===Etymology 13===
{{zh-see|礅|ss}}

===Etymology 14===
{{zh-see|蹾|ss}}

===Etymology 15===
{{zh-see|撴|ss}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}
* {{R:cpx:PHMZ|57}}

{{cln|zh|terms with historical senses}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=|rs=攴08}}

# [[kindness]], [[affinity]]

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=とん, たい
|kanon=とん, たい
|kanyoon=つい
|kun=あつ-い
|nanori=あつし, つとむ
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
* {{ja-r|敦盛|あつもり}}
* {{ja-r|敦賀|^つるが}}: [[w:Tsuruga, Fukui|Tsuruga, Fukui]]
* {{ja-r|敦厚|とんこう}}
* {{ja-r|敦煌|^とんこう}}; [[w:Dunhuang|Dunhuang]]
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology===
{{ja-kanjitab|たい|yomi=o}}
From {{der|ja|ltc|-|sort=たい}} {{ltc-l|敦}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{ja-pron|たい|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}

===Noun===
{{ja-noun|たい}}

# {{w|dui (vessel)}}

===Proper noun===
{{ja-pos|proper|あつし|つとむ}}

# {{given name|ja|male|sort=あつし}}

===References===
<references/>

==Korean==

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja|쪼다|쪼을|퇴}}

# {{hanja form of|퇴|[[peck]]}}

{{ko-hanja|모으다|모을|퇴}}

# {{hanja form of|퇴|[[collect]], [[gather]]}}

{{ko-hanja|다스리다|다스릴|퇴}}

# {{hanja form of|퇴|[[manage]], [[govern]], [[administer]]}}

{{ko-hanja|끊다|끊을|퇴}}

# {{hanja form of|퇴|[[sever]], [[cut off]], [[put down]]}}

{{ko-hanja|[[곱송]][[-거리다|거릴]]|퇴}}

# {{rfdef|ko|sort=攴08}}

{{ko-hanja|성내다|성낼|퇴}}

# {{hanja form of|퇴|[[angry]], [[furious]]}}

{{ko-hanja|도탑다|도타울|돈}}

# {{hanja form of|돈|[[esteem]]}}
# {{hanja form of|돈|[[honest]], [[candid]], [[sincere]]}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|rs=攴08
|hanviet=đôn-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet, dun-bonet
|phienthiet=都昆 đô côn
|nom=đon-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;btcn;genibrel;taberd, run-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel;taberd, xôn-tdcntd;btcn;bonet, xun-gdhn;btcn;genibrel, đôn-gdhn;bonet;taberd, giun-bonet;genibrel;taberd, dun-bonet;genibrel;taberd, don-bonet;genibrel;taberd, dồn-tdcndg;tdcntd, ton-gdhn;btcn, rủn-gdhn;genibrel, gion-btcn;genibrel, chon-tdcndg, trôn-tdcndg, đun-tdcndg, dôn-gdhn, giôn-gdhn, đùn-gdhn, đũn-genibrel, dún-taberd
}}

# {{vi-Nom form of|run|to [[tremble]]; to [[shiver]]}}

===References===
<references/>