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====Derived characters==== |
====Derived characters==== |
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* {{lang|mul|[[倷]] [[㖠]] [[捺]] [[㮈]] [[㴎]] [[錼]] [[䱞]] [[萘]] [[𡞏]] [[𪨼]] [[𭝎]] [[𭦛]] [[𪻦]] [[𥇧]] [[𮁿]] [[𦝀]] [[𮚎]] [[𮛢]] [[𩈫]] [[𩜪]] [[𣮦]] [[𬷝]] [[𪥑]] [[𠣼]] [[𫆕]] [[𤷈]] [[𦤗]] [[𮂃]] [[𭝍]]}} |
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* [[捺]] |
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====Descendants==== |
====Descendants==== |
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===Definitions=== |
===Definitions=== |
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{{zh |
{{head|zh|hanzi}} |
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# [[how]]; [[why]] (used in [[rhetorical question]]s) |
# [[how]]; [[why]] (used in [[rhetorical question]]s) |
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# to [[bear]]; to [[stand]]; to [[endure]] |
# to [[bear]]; to [[stand]]; to [[endure]] |
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# {{lb|zh|Taiwan}} [[nano-]] {{gloss|[[Appendix:SI units|SI unit]] prefix}} |
# {{defdate|from 1985}} {{lb|zh|Taiwan}} [[nano-]] {{gloss|[[Appendix:SI units|SI unit]] prefix}} |
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#: {{ |
#: {{syn|zh|納<qq:Mainland China>}} |
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{{attention|zh|Missing sense "where" in Hakka: [https://www.quora.com/Are-the-Thai-and-Lao-words-for-where-related-Thai-nai-and-Lao-sai-What-about-the-other-related-languages/answer/Bern%C3%A9dy-Lim], [https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/hakka.php]}} |
{{attention|zh|Missing sense "where" in Hakka: [https://www.quora.com/Are-the-Thai-and-Lao-words-for-where-related-Thai-nai-and-Lao-sai-What-about-the-other-related-languages/answer/Bern%C3%A9dy-Lim], [https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/hakka.php]}} |
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{{attention|hak|Missing sense "where" in Hakka: [https://www.quora.com/Are-the-Thai-and-Lao-words-for-where-related-Thai-nai-and-Lao-sai-What-about-the-other-related-languages/answer/Bern%C3%A9dy-Lim], [https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/hakka.php]}} |
{{attention|hak|Missing sense "where" in Hakka: [https://www.quora.com/Are-the-Thai-and-Lao-words-for-where-related-Thai-nai-and-Lao-sai-What-about-the-other-related-languages/answer/Bern%C3%A9dy-Lim], [https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/hakka.php]}} |
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* {{R:yue:Hanzi}} |
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}} |
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{{zh |
{{C|zh|SI units}} |
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==Japanese== |
==Japanese== |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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{{ |
{{ja-kanjitab|alt=柰}} |
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{{rfe|ja}} |
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====Alternative forms==== |
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| ⚫ | |||
====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
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{{ja-noun|からなし|カラナシ}} |
{{ja-noun|からなし|カラナシ}} |
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# {{obsolete form of|ja|唐梨||red apple}} |
# {{obsolete form of|ja|唐梨||red apple}} |
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# {{lb|ja|by extension}} {{obsolete spelling of|ja|林檎||apple}} |
# {{lb|ja|by extension}} {{obsolete spelling of|ja|林檎||apple}} |
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===Etymology 2=== |
===Etymology 2=== |
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| ⚫ | |||
{{rfe|ja}} |
{{rfe|ja}} |
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====Alternative forms==== |
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* {{ja-l|如何}} |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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====Pronoun==== |
====Pronoun==== |
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{{ja-pos|pronoun|いかん}} |
{{ja-pos|pronoun|いかん}} |
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# {{alternative form of|ja|奈何||what}} {{attention|ja|abbreviation?}} |
# {{alternative form of|ja|奈何||what}} {{attention|ja|abbreviation?}} |
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Latest revision as of 17:03, 26 March 2024
See also: 柰
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]奈 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大一一火 (KMMF), four-corner 40901, composition ⿱大示)
Derived characters
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 251, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5893
- Dae Jaweon: page 511, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 532, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5948
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 奈 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 奈 | |
| alternative forms | 柰 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]A variant of 柰.
Etymology
[edit]- “how; why”
- Possibly a contraction of 若 (OC *nak) and 之 (OC *tə), as in 若之何 (ruòzhīhé) (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 34).
- “nano-”
- Borrowed from English nano-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nai
- Eastern Min (BUC): nâi
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄞˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nài
- Wade–Giles: nai4
- Yale: nài
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nay
- Palladius: най (naj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /naɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: noi6
- Yale: noih
- Cantonese Pinyin: noi6
- Guangdong Romanization: noi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɔːi̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: noi5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdᵘɔi³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai
- Hakka Romanization System: nai
- Hagfa Pinyim: nai4
- Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nâi
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡɑi²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ta
- Tâi-lô: ta
- Phofsit Daibuun: daf
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ta⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi
- Tâi-lô: tāi
- Phofsit Daibuun: dai
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- ta/tai/tā - vernacular (limited, e.g. 無奈何);
- nāi - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: nai6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: năi
- Sinological IPA (key): /nai³⁵/
- Middle Chinese: najH, naH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤa[t]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*naːls/, /*naːds/
Definitions
[edit]奈
- how; why (used in rhetorical questions)
- to bear; to stand; to endure
- [from 1985] (Taiwan) nano- (SI unit prefix)
See also
[edit]| SI prefix | ||
|---|---|---|
| Last | Next | |
| 微 (wēi) | 奈/納 | 皮 (pí) |
Compounds
[edit]- 不奈
- 不奈何
- 不奈煩／不奈烦
- 不寧奈／不宁奈
- 可奈
- 叵奈
- 基奈
- 奈上祝下
- 奈何 (nàihé)
- 奈何橋／奈何桥 (nàihéqiáo)
- 奈升
- 奈及利亞／奈及利亚 (Nàijílìyà)
- 奈向
- 奈守
- 奈曼
- 奈洛比 (Nàiluòbǐ)
- 奈煩／奈烦 (nàifán)
- 奈秒
- 奈米 (nàimǐ)
- 奈良 (Nàiliáng)
- 奈良時代／奈良时代
- 如之奈何 (rú zhī nàihé)
- 寧奈／宁奈
- 尀奈
- 山奈
- 山奈鉀／山奈钾
- 康奈爾／康奈尔
- 康奈爾大學／康奈尔大学
- 怎奈
- 末奈何
- 欽奈／钦奈 (Qīnnài)
- 沒及奈何／没及奈何
- 沒奈何／没奈何 (mònàihé)
- 沒極奈何／没极奈何
- 沒計奈何／没计奈何
- 澀奈／涩奈
- 無可奈何／无可奈何 (wúkěnàihé)
- 無奈／无奈 (wúnài)
- 無奈我何／无奈我何
- 無如奈何／无如奈何
- 無計奈何／无计奈何
- 爭奈／争奈
- 神奈川縣／神奈川县
- 萬般無奈／万般无奈
- 莫可奈何
- 葛林奈爾／葛林奈尔
- 葛林奈爾大學／葛林奈尔大学
- 蘇爾奈／苏尔奈 (sū'ěrnài)
- 西奈 (Xīnài)
- 西奈半島／西奈半岛 (Xīnài Bàndǎo)
- 西奈協定／西奈协定
- 西奈山
- 頗奈／颇奈
- 香奈兒／香奈儿
References
[edit]- “奈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]奈
- Abbreviation of 奈良: the city of Nara
- what
- (obsolete) apple tree
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: な (na, Jōyō)、ない (nai)
- Kan-on: だ (da)、だい (dai)
- Kun: いかん (ikan, 奈)、いかんせん (ikansen, 奈)、いかんぞ (ikanzo, 奈)、からなし (karanashi, 奈)
- Nanori: なに (nani)、なん (nan)
Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 奈 |
| Grade: 4 |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 柰 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 奈 |
| Grade: 4 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]- Alternative form of 奈何 (“what”)
Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 奈 (MC najH).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 냉〮 (Yale: náy?) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 내 (nay)訓 (Yale: nay) in Gwangju Cheonjamun (光州千字文 / 광주천자문), 1575.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [nɛ] ~ [ne̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [내/네]
Hanja
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 奈 (MC naH).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [나]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Chinese contractions
- Chinese terms borrowed from English
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- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
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- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
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- Hokkien hanzi
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- Eastern Min prefixes
- Hokkien prefixes
- Teochew prefixes
- Middle Chinese prefixes
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 奈
- Taiwanese Chinese
- zh:SI units
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese fourth grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese abbreviations
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese kanji with goon reading な
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ない
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading だ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading だい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いかん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いかんせん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いかんぞ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading からなし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading なに
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading なん
- Japanese terms spelled with 奈
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese obsolete forms
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- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters