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{{also|Appendix:Variations of "ge"}}
==Northern Sami==
==Northern Sami==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
Possibly cognate to {{cog|fi|-kin}}, {{cog|myv|-ке}}.
{{rfe|se}}


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
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* {{R:Álgu|28059}}
* {{R:Álgu|28059}}
* {{R:Álgu|28060}}
* {{R:Álgu|28060}}

----


==Old English==
==Old English==
Line 27: Line 26:


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*gawją}}, {{m|gem-pro|*gawjō}}, {{m|gem-pro|*gawô||country, region, environment}}.
From {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*gawi}}, from {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*gawją}}, {{m|gem-pro|*gawjō}}, {{m|gem-pro|*gawô||country, region, environment}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
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#: {{uxi|ang|[[ǣlġē]]|eel-country}}
#: {{uxi|ang|[[ǣlġē]]|eel-country}}
# {{n-g|suffix used in placenames meaning [[region]] of, or [[district]] of}}
# {{n-g|suffix used in placenames meaning [[region]] of, or [[district]] of}}
#: {{uxi|ang|[[Suþrieg|Sūþrīeġ, Sūþrīġe]]|Surrey|lit=Southerly District}}
#: {{uxi|ang|[[Suþriġea|Sūþrīeġ, Sūþrīġe]]|Surrey|lit=Southerly District}}
#: {{uxi|ang|[[Sconieg|Scōnīeġ, Scōnēġ]]|[[Skåne]]}}


====Descendants====
====Descendants====
* '''-y''', '''-ey''' found in some English placenames
* '''-y''', '''-ey''' found in some English placenames


==Pali==
----

===Alternative forms===
{{pi-alt}}

===Adjective===
{{head|pi|adjective form}}

# {{inflection of|pi|-ga||loc|s|m//n|;|acc|p|m|t=going}}


==Wutunhua==
==Wutunhua==
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#: {{usex|wuh|ren'''-ge'''-ha dong yi-zek-ma ek bai.|t='''Each''' person [gets] one thousand and two hundred.|footer=(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)}}
#: {{usex|wuh|ren'''-ge'''-ha dong yi-zek-ma ek bai.|t='''Each''' person [gets] one thousand and two hundred.|footer=(Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)}}
# {{n-g|Used to introduce and [[foreground]] a new [[participant]] or [[character]] when telling a [[story]], etc.}}
# {{n-g|Used to introduce and [[foreground]] a new [[participant]] or [[character]] when telling a [[story]], etc.}}

====Usage notes====
{{m-self|wuh|-ge}} is obligatory after a numeral when it directly attributes a noun, except for nouns which are units of time or certain mass nouns (containers, etc.).


====Related terms====
====Related terms====

Latest revision as of 17:02, 12 July 2024

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ge"

Northern Sami

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Etymology

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Possibly cognate to Finnish -kin, Erzya -ке (-ke).

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Particle

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-ge

  1. also, too
  2. even
  3. moreover
  4. (with negative verb) nor

Further reading

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  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *gawi, from Proto-Germanic *gawją, *gawjō, *gawô (“country, region, environment”).

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ġē

  1. suffix used to denote a region or territory
    ǣlġē ― eel-country
  2. suffix used in placenames meaning region of, or district of
    Sūþrīeġ, Sūþrīġe ― Surrey (literally, “Southerly District”)

Descendants

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  • -y, -ey found in some English placenames

Pali

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Alternative forms

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Alternative scripts
  • -ge (Latin script)
  • & (Brahmi script)
  • & (Devanagari script)
  • & (Bengali script)
  • -ගෙ (Sinhalese script)
  • & or & (Burmese script)
  • & (Thai script)
  • & (Tai Tham script)
  • & (Lao script)
  • & (Khmer script)
  • & (Chakma script)

Adjective

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-ge

  1. inflection of -ga (“going”):
    1. locative singular masculine/neuter
    2. accusative plural masculine

Wutunhua

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Etymology

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From Mandarin 個／个.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ge

  1. A referential marker attached to numerals or singular nominals, emphasizing that a specific individual entity (or entities) are being referred to, rather than being a general statement, a property, an abstract conception, etc.
    awo liang-ge yida zhan-she-ma-li.
    Two men[REF] were standing together.
    (Quoted in Sandman, p. 64)
    je nian nga-n-de dojjai qhichai-ge mai-she-lio.
    This year our Dojjai bought a [certain] car.
    (Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)
    jashe qe-di-de-ge ngu jhan-lio.
    I saw that Jashe was eating.
    (literally, “[As for] Jashe's eating[REF], I saw it.”)
    (Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)
  2. each; used with a distributive sense.
    ren-ge-ha dong yi-zek-ma ek bai.
    Each person [gets] one thousand and two hundred.
    (Quoted in Sandman, p. 65)
  3. Used to introduce and foreground a new participant or character when telling a story, etc.

Usage notes

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-ge is obligatory after a numeral when it directly attributes a noun, except for nouns which are units of time or certain mass nouns (containers, etc.).

[edit]

References

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  • Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun‎[3], University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN
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