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低	U+4F4E, 低 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F4E

← 位
[U+4F4D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

住 →
[U+4F4F]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

低 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人竹心一 (OHPM) or 人竹女戈 (OHVI), four-corner 2224₀, composition ⿰亻氐)

Derived characters

𠴓, 𡌠, 𱻍, 𬺙, 𦰣, 𩃐, 𫢵

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 8
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 504
Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 4
Unihan data for U+4F4E

Chinese

trad.		低
simp. ^#		低

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 低
Small seal script s05919
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (氐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
低	*tiːl
氐	tiːl, til
袛	*tiːl
羝	*tiːl
眡	tiːl, djilʔ
岻	tiːl, dil
奃	*tiːl
趆	tiːl, tiːls
柢	tiːl, tiːlʔ, *tiːls
邸	*tiːlʔ
底	*tiːlʔ
詆	tiːlʔ, diːl
坻	tiːlʔ, tjelʔ, *dil
抵	*tiːlʔ
牴	*tiːlʔ
觝	*tiːlʔ
弤	*tiːlʔ
軧	*tiːlʔ
骶	*tiːls
砥	tjelʔ, tjil, tjilʔ, tjils
胝	*til
疷	*til
秪	*til
泜	*dil
蚳	*dil
彽	*dil
阺	*dil
貾	*dil
祗	*tjil
厎	tjilʔ, tjɯʔ
茋	*tjilʔ
鴟	*tʰjil
汦	kjeʔ, tjil

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːl) : semantic 亻 (“man, person”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til) – a person lowering themselves, bowing.

Etymology 1

Cognate with 底 (OC *tiːlʔ, “bottom”), 柢 (OC *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls, “root of a tree; base”), Tibetan མཐིལ (mthil, “bottom; floor”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): dī (di¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ди (di, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dai¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ai¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): tâi

(Meixian, Guangdong): dai¹
Jin (Wiktionary): di¹
Eastern Min (BUC): dă̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): te / ti

(Teochew, Peng'im): di¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ti

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dī
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: di
  - Wade–Giles: ti¹
  - Yale: dī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: di
  - Palladius: ди (di)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ди (di, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: dai¹
  - Yale: dāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ai¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tâi
  - Hakka Romanization System: dai^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: dai¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tai̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: dai¹
  - Sinological IPA: /taɪ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: di¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ti¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dă̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: te
  - Tâi-lô: te
  - Phofsit Daibuun: def
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /te⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /te³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ti
  - Tâi-lô: ti
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ti⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: di¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ti
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ti
  - MiniDict: ti^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ti
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ti⁵³/

Middle Chinese: tej

Rime
Character	低
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都奚切
Baxter	tej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tei/
Pan Wuyun	/tei/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛj/
Li Rong	/tei/
Wang Li	/tiei/
Bernard Karlgren	/tiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dai¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*tiːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	低
Reading #	1/1
No.	2234
Phonetic component	氐
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	低
Old Chinese	/*tiːl/

Definitions

低

low (of height)
low (of quantity); behind average
他們抱怨工資過低。 [MSC, trad.]
他们抱怨工资过低。 [MSC, simp.]
Tāmen bàoyuàn gōngzī guò dī. [Pinyin]
They complained that the wages were too low.

低糖的高纖豆漿／低糖的高纤豆浆 ― dī táng de gāo xiān dòujiāng ― Low Sugar, High Fiber Soy Milk
low (of voice); quiet; soft
(Cantonese) down (adverb)
寫低／写低 [Cantonese] ― se² dai¹ [Jyutping] ― to write down
(dialectal Mandarin, Jin) short (in stature)
to lower; to hang (one's head); to bend; to bow

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 低 (“low”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		低
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	低
	Taiwan	低
	Malaysia	低
	Singapore	低
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	低
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	低
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	矮, 低
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	低, 矮
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	低
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	低, 矮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	低
	Hong Kong	低
	Taishan	低
	Yangjiang	低
	Singapore (Guangfu)	低
Gan	Nanchang	低, 矮
Hakka	Meixian	低, 矮
Jin	Taiyuan	低
Northern Min	Jian'ou	矮
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	下, 矮
Southern Min	Xiamen	下
	Quanzhou	下
	Jinjiang	下
	Zhangzhou	下
	Tainan	下
	Penang (Hokkien)	下
	Singapore (Hokkien)	下
	Manila (Hokkien)	下
	Chaozhou	下, 矮
	Shantou	下
	Jieyang	下
	Singapore (Teochew)	下
	Pontianak (Teochew)	下
	Singapore (Hainanese)	低
Wu	Suzhou	低
	Ningbo	低, 矮
	Zhoushan	低, 矮
	Wenzhou	低, 矮
Xiang	Changsha	低, 矮, 下
Xiang	Shuangfeng	低, 矮

Dialectal synonyms of 矮 (“short (in stature)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		矮
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	矮, 矬
	Taiwan	矮
	Chengde	矮, 矬
	Chifeng	矮, 矬
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	矮
	Heihe	矮, 矬
	Qiqihar	矮, 矬
	Harbin	矮, 矬
	Jiamusi	矮, 矬
	Baicheng	矮, 矬
	Changchun	矮, 矬
	Tonghua	矮, 矬
	Shenyang	矮, 矬
	Jinzhou	矮, 矬
	Singapore	矮
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	矮, 矬
	Tangshan	矮, 矬
	Cangzhou	矮, 矬
	Baoding	矬
	Shijiazhuang	矬
	Lijin	矮, 矬
	Jinan	矮, 矬
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	矮
	Dandong	矮, 矬
	Yantai	矮, 矬
	Yantai (Muping)	矮, 矬
	Qingdao	矮, 矬
	Zhucheng	矮
Central Plains Mandarin	Lingbao	矮, 矬
	Jining	矮
	Wanrong	低
	Linfen	矬
	Shangqiu	矮, 矬
	Zhengzhou	矮, 矬
	Xinyang	矮
	Baihe	矮
	Xi'an	矮, 矬, 低
	Baoji	矮
	Tianshui	矮, 矬
	Xining	矮
	Xuzhou	矮, 矬
	Fuyang	矮
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	矮, 矬
	Lanzhou	矮, 矬
	Dunhuang	矮, 矬
	Hami	矬
	Ürümqi	矬, 矮
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	矮
	Nanchong	矮
	Dazhou	矮
	Hanyuan	矮
	Xichang	矮
	Zigong	矮
	Chongqing	矮
	Wuhan	矮
	Yichang	矮
	Xiangyang	矮
	Tianmen	矮, 矮矬
	Guiyang	矮
	Zunyi	矮
	Bijie	矮
	Liping	矮
	Zhaotong	矮
	Dali	矮
	Kunming	矮
	Mengzi	矮
	Guilin	矮
	Liuzhou	矮
	Jishou	矮
	Changde	矮
	Hanzhong	矮
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	矮
	Yangzhou	矮
	Lianyungang	矮, 矬
	Lianshui	矮
	Nantong	矮
	Anqing	矮
	Wuhu	矮
	Hefei	矮
	Hong'an	矮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	矮
	Hong Kong	矮
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	矮
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	矮
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	矮
	Taishan	矮
	Dongguan	矮
	Yangjiang	矮
Gan	Nanchang	矮
	Lichuan	矮
	Pingxiang	矮
Hakka	Meixian	矮
	Yudu	矮
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	矮
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	矮
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	矮
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	矮
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	矮
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	矮
	Hong Kong	矮
Huizhou	Jixi	矮
Huizhou	Shexian	矮
Jin	Taiyuan	矮, 低
	Yangyuan	矮, 矬
	Datong	低
	Xinzhou	矮, 低
	Lüliang (Lishi)	矮
	Changzhi	矮, 低
	Linhe	矬
	Jining	矬
	Hohhot	矬
	Erenhot	矮, 矬
	Pingshan	矬
	Zhangjiakou	矮, 矬
	Handan	矮, 矬
	Linzhou	矮
	Suide	矮
Northern Min	Jian'ou	矮
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	矮
Southern Min	Xiamen	矮
	Quanzhou	矮
	Zhangzhou	矮
	Taipei	矮
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	矮
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	矮
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	矮
	Kaohsiung	矮
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	矮
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	矮
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	矮
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	矮
	Yilan (Toucheng)	矮
	Tainan	矮
	Tainan (Anping)	矮
	Kinmen	矮
	Penghu (Magong)	矮
	Penghu (Xiyu)	矮
	Penang (Hokkien)	矮
	Chaozhou	矮
	Haikou	矮
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	矮
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	矮
Wu	Shanghai	矮, 短
	Shanghai (Chongming)	矮
	Suzhou	矮
	Danyang	矮
	Hangzhou	矮
	Ningbo	矮
	Wenzhou	矮
	Jinhua	短
Xiang	Changsha	矮
	Loudi	矮
	Shuangfeng	矮

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kě / kē / kēe

(Teochew, Peng'im): gê⁶

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kě
  - Tâi-lô: kě
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ke²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kē
  - Tâi-lô: kē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ke
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ke²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ke³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kēe
  - Tâi-lô: kēe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gê⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĕ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke³⁵/

Definitions

低

(Southern Min) Alternative form of 下 (“low”)

Japanese

Kanji

低

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

low
short
humble

Readings

Go-on: たい (tai)
Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
Kun: ひくい (hikui, 低い, Jōyō)、ひくまる (hikumaru, 低まる, Jōyō)、ひくめる (hikumeru, 低める, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

低 (eumhun 낮을 저 (najeul jeo))

hanja form^? of 저 (“low”)
hanja form^? of 저 (“cheap”)

Compounds

저렴 (低廉, jeoryeom, “cheap”)
저속 (低速, jeosok, “slow”)

Tày

Adjective

低 (đây)

Nôm form of đây (“good, beautiful”).