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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{der|en|enm|cirurgical}}, borrowed from {{bor|en|frm|cirurgical}}, from {{der|en|ML.|cirurgicālis}}, ultimately from {{der|en|grc|χειρουργία}}, from {{m|grc|χείρ||hand}} + {{m|grc|ἔργον||work}}. Replaced Old English {{cog|ang| |
From {{der|en|enm|cirurgical}}, borrowed from {{bor|en|frm|cirurgical}}, from {{der|en|ML.|cirurgicālis}}, ultimately from {{der|en|grc|χειρουργία}}, from {{m|grc|χείρ||hand}} + {{m|grc|ἔργον||work}}. Replaced Old English {{cog|ang|læċe||doctor, physician}}. {{surf|en|surgery|-ical}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/ˈsɜːd͡ʒɪkəl/|a=RP}} |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/ˈsɝd͡ʒɪkəl/|a=GenAm}} |
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* {{audio|en|en-us-surgical.ogg| |
* {{audio|en|en-us-surgical.ogg|a=US}} |
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===Adjective=== |
===Adjective=== |
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# Of, relating to, used in, or resulting from [[surgery]]. |
# Of, relating to, used in, or resulting from [[surgery]]. |
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#* {{quote-journal|1=en|year=2013|month=May-June|author=[http://www.americanscientist.org/authors/detail/charles-t-ambrose Charles T. Ambrose]|title=Alzheimer’s Disease|url=http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2013/3/alzheimerrsquos-disease-the-great-morbidity-of-the-21st-century|volume=101|issue=3|page=200|magazine=w:American Scientist|passage=Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—'''surgical''' foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.|accessdate=23 June 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424010003/http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2013/3/alzheimerrsquos-disease-the-great-morbidity-of-the-21st-century|archivedate=24 April 2013}} |
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#* {{quote-journal|en|year=2013|month=May-June|author=[http://www.americanscientist.org/authors/detail/charles-t-ambrose Charles T. Ambrose] |
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|title=Alzheimer’s Disease |
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|url=http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2013/3/alzheimerrsquos-disease-the-great-morbidity-of-the-21st-century |
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|volume=101|issue=3|page=200|magazine={{w|American Scientist}} |
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|passage=Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—'''surgical''' foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.}} |
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# {{lb|en|figuratively}} [[precise|Precise]] or very [[accurate]]. |
# {{lb|en|figuratively}} [[precise|Precise]] or very [[accurate]]. |
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#: {{ux|en|The building was destroyed with a '''surgical''' air-strike.}} |
#: {{ux|en|The building was destroyed with a '''surgical''' air-strike.}} |
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|surgically |
|surgically |
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|surgical procedure |
|surgical procedure |
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|surgical spirit|cosmetic surgical|anatomicosurgical|antisurgical|cardiosurgical|chemosurgical|craniosurgical|cryosurgical|cybersurgical|dermasurgical|electrosurgical|extrasurgical|immunosurgical|intrasurgical|liposurgical|medicosurgical|microsurgical|nanosurgical|neurosurgical|nonsurgical|oncosurgical|otosurgical|perisurgical|phonosurgical|piezosurgical|polysurgical|postsurgical|presurgical|proctosurgical|psychosurgical|radiosurgical|rhinosurgical|surgicalist|surgicenter|telesurgical|unsurgical|viscosurgical|non-surgical|pre-surgical|surgical glove|surgical strike |
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|surgical spirit}} |
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|surgical abdomen|surgical mask|surgical stocking|surgical technologist}} |
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====Translations==== |
====Translations==== |
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{{trans-top|of or relating to surgery}} |
{{trans-top|of or relating to surgery}} |
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* Arabic: {{t|ar| |
* Arabic: {{t|ar|جِرَاحِيّ}} |
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* Armenian: {{t+|hy|վիրաբուժական}} |
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|վիրաբուժական}} |
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* Asturian: {{t|ast|quirúrxicu}} |
* Asturian: {{t|ast|quirúrxicu}} |
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kirurginen}} |
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kirurginen}} |
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* French: {{t+|fr|chirurgical}} |
* French: {{t+|fr|chirurgical}} |
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* Galician: {{t|gl|cirúrxico}} |
* Galician: {{t+|gl|cirúrxico}} |
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* German: {{t+|de|chirurgisch}} |
* German: {{t+|de|chirurgisch}} |
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* Greek: {{t+|el|χειρουργικός}} |
* Greek: {{t+|el|χειρουργικός}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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* Ido: {{t+|io|kirurgiala}} |
* Ido: {{t+|io|kirurgiala}} |
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* Irish: {{t|ga|máinliach}}, {{t|ga|máinliachta}} |
* Irish: {{t|ga|máinliach}}, {{t|ga|máinliachta}} |
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* Estonian: {{t|et|[[kirurgilise]] [[täpsusega]]}}, {{t|et|[[väga]] [[täpne]]}} |
* Estonian: {{t|et|[[kirurgilise]] [[täpsusega]]}}, {{t|et|[[väga]] [[täpne]]}} |
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kirurginen}} |
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kirurginen}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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* German: {{t+|de|chirurgisch}} |
* German: {{t+|de|chirurgisch}} |
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* Irish: {{t|ga|mionchruinn}}, {{t|ga|críochnúil}}, {{t|ga|mionchúiseach}} |
* Irish: {{t|ga|mionchruinn}}, {{t|ga|críochnúil}}, {{t|ga|mionchúiseach}} |
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* Polish: {{t+|pl|chirurgiczny}}, {{t+|pl|aptekarski}} |
* Polish: {{t+|pl|chirurgiczny}}, {{t+|pl|aptekarski}} |
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* Swedish: {{t+|sv|kirurgisk}} |
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{{trans-bottom}} |
{{trans-bottom}} |
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Revision as of 01:28, 25 September 2024
English
Etymology
From Middle English cirurgical, borrowed from Middle French cirurgical, from Medieval Latin cirurgicālis, ultimately from Ancient Greek χειρουργία (kheirourgía), from χείρ (kheír, “hand”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”). Replaced Old English Old English læċe (“doctor, physician”). By surface analysis, surgery + -ical.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈsɜːd͡ʒɪkəl/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈsɝd͡ʒɪkəl/
Audio (US): (file)
Adjective
surgical (comparative more surgical, superlative most surgical)
- Of, relating to, used in, or resulting from surgery.
- 2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist[1], volume 101, number 3, archived from the original on 24 April 2013, page 200:
- Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.
- (figuratively) Precise or very accurate.
- The building was destroyed with a surgical air-strike.
- (figuratively) Excruciatingly or wearyingly drawn-out
Derived terms
- anatomicosurgical
- antisurgical
- cardiosurgical
- chemosurgical
- cosmetic surgical
- craniosurgical
- cryosurgical
- cybersurgical
- dermasurgical
- electrosurgical
- extrasurgical
- immunosurgical
- intrasurgical
- liposurgical
- medicosurgical
- microsurgical
- nanosurgical
- neurosurgical
- nonsurgical
- non-surgical
- oncosurgical
- otosurgical
- perisurgical
- phonosurgical
- piezosurgical
- polysurgical
- postsurgical
- presurgical
- pre-surgical
- proctosurgical
- psychosurgical
- radiosurgical
- rhinosurgical
- surgical abdomen
- surgical glove
- surgical gown
- surgicalist
- surgically
- surgical mask
- surgical procedure
- surgical spirit
- surgical stocking
- surgical strike
- surgical technologist
- surgicenter
- telesurgical
- unsurgical
- viscosurgical
Translations
of or relating to surgery
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precise or very accurate
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Categories:
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms borrowed from Middle French
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Medieval Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English terms suffixed with -ical
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with usage examples