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Phonetic variant of ''Nihon'' above, maintaining the {{IPAchar|/p/}} sound. |
Phonetic variant of ''Nihon'' above, maintaining the {{IPAchar|/p/}} sound (likely due to [[rendaku]].) |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
Revision as of 09:48, 15 April 2023
Chinese
day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) |
origin | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (日本) |
日 | 本 | |
anagram | 本日 | ||
Literally: “the sun's origin; where the sun originates”. |
Etymology
This appellation comes from imperial correspondence between the Chinese Sui Dynasty and Japan, and refers to the eastward position of Japan relative to China.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jat6 bun2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngit5 bon2
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jat6 bun2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Ngi̍t-pún
- Jin (Wiktionary): reh4 beng2
- Eastern Min (BUC): Nĭk-buōng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5zeq-pen
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖˋ ㄅㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Rìhběn
- Wade–Giles: Jih4-pên3
- Yale: R̀-běn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ryhbeen
- Palladius: Жибэнь (Žibɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Жыбын (Řɨbɨn, III-II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐ̩⁴⁴ pəŋ⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jat6 bun2
- Yale: yaht bún
- Cantonese Pinyin: jat9 bun2
- Guangdong Romanization: yed6 bun2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐt̚² puːn³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngit5 bon2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡit̚³² pᵘɔn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ngi̍t-pún
- Hakka Romanization System: ngid bunˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngid6 bun3
- Sinological IPA: /ŋit̚⁵ pun³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: reh4 beng2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʐəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ pə̃ŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Nĭk-buōng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡiʔ⁵⁻³³ puoŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Penang, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Li̍t-pún
- Tâi-lô: Li̍t-pún
- Phofsit Daibuun: lidpuon
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /lit̚²⁴⁻² pun⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lit̚⁴⁻³² pun⁵³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: rig8 bung2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ji̍k púng
- Sinological IPA (key): /d͡zik̚⁴⁻² puŋ⁵²/
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: nyit pwonX
Proper noun
日本
- Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)
Synonyms
Derived terms
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Descendants
Others (incomplete list):
- → Malay: Jepang, Jepun (via Min Nan)
- → Manchu: ᡰᡳ
ᠪᡝᠨ (ži ben) - → Thai: ญี่ปุ่น (yîi-bpùn)
- → Tibetan: ཇི་བེན (ji ben)
- → Wutunhua: reben
- → Zhuang: Yizbwnj
See also
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
に Grade: 1 |
ほん Grade: 1 |
nanori | goon |
/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/ → /niɸoɴ/ → /nihoɴ/
Coined in Japan of Sinic elements, as compound of 日 (nichi, “sun”) + 本 (hon, “origin”) and literally meaning "origin of the sun". The hon element was apparently pronounced /poɴ/ when first coined. Over time, the initial /p/ lenited, becoming /ɸ/ as shown in the Nifon entry in the 1603 Nippo Jisho ("Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary").[1] This then became the /h/ sound in modern Japanese.[2][3]
In older texts, this was read as kun'yomi as 日の本 (Hinomoto). The on'yomi readings Nippon and Nihon became more common in the Heian period, with both persisting into modern use.[3] The Nihon reading appears to be the most common in everyday Japanese usage.[4]
This may be related to the famous letter from Prince Shōtoku to Emperor Yang of Sui sent via the Japanese mission to Sui China in 607, wherein we see the first mention of Japan as the Land of the Rising Sun, and a description of China as Land of the Setting Sun:
日出處/日出处 (literally “sun + emerge + place”) here refers to Japan, while 日沒處/日没处 (literally “sun + sink + place”) refers to China.
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- Short for 日本国 (Nihon-koku): Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 463:
- Nifon ニホン (日本) 日本.
- a surname
Derived terms
- 日本一 (Nihon-ichi)
- 日本海 (Nihonkai)
- 日本語 (nihongo)
- 日本鹿 (Nihon-jika)
- 日本時間 (Nihon Jikan)
- 日本式 (Nihon-shiki)
- 日本酒 (nihonshu)
- 日本中 (Nihon-jū)
- 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki)
- 日本食 (Nihon-shoku)
- 日本人 (nihonjin)
- 日本刀 (nihontō)
- 日本標準時 (Nihon Hyōjunji)
- 日本料理 (Nihon ryōri)
- 北日本 (Kita Nihon)
- 西南日本 (Seinan Nihon)
- 大日本 (Dai Nihon)
- 東北日本 (Tōhoku Nihon)
- 西日本 (Nishi Nihon)
- 東日本 (Higashi Nihon)
- 南日本 (Minami Nihon)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
にち > にっ Grade: 1 |
ほん > ぽん Grade: 1 |
goon |
/nitɨpoɴ/ → /nip̚poɴ/
Phonetic variant of Nihon above, maintaining the /p/ sound (likely due to rendaku.)
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- Short for 日本国 (Nippon-koku, “Japan”).
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 466:
- Nippon ニッポン(日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 日本.
- 1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび太とアニマル惑星 [Nobita and the Animal Planet] (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
- ぼくらは日本からきたんだけど…。
- Bokura wa Nippon kara kita n da kedo….
- We’re from Japan, by the way….
- Nippon? Kiita koto nai.
- Japan? I’ve never heard of that before.
- ぼくらは日本からきたんだけど…。
- a surname
Usage notes
- Nippon is the official reading of 日本, although Nihon is also acknowledged.
- In everyday conversation, Nihon is more common.
- Politically, Nippon appears to be correlated with right-wing groups, and Nihon with left-wing groups.
Derived terms
Descendants
- → English: Nippon (noun)
- → French: Nippon (noun), nippon (adjective)
- Lua error in Module:etymology/templates/descendant at line 306: Terms in appendix-only constructed languages may not be given as descendants.
- → Indonesian: Nippon (noun)
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
じつ > じっ Grade: 1 |
ほん > ぽん Grade: 1 |
kan'on |
*/zitʉpon/ → /zip̚pon/ → /ʑip̚pon/
Uses the kan'on reading jitsu for 日, as compared to the goon reading nichi. First appears in texts from the early 1600s,[2] notably the 1603 Japanese-Portuguese dictionary Nippo Jisho. Probably influenced by European-language terminology for the country,[2][3] such as Portuguese Japão or Dutch Japan, in turn arising from Min Nan 日本 (Ji̍t-pún) via Malay Jepun, or from Min Nan 日本 (Ji̍t-pńg) via Malay Jepang.
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- (archaic) Japan
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 365:
- Iippon ジッポン (日本) Fino moto. (日の本) 東洋. すなわち、日本.
- [Note:The quoted ii in iippon is the 16th century Portuguese romanization representing [ji].]
Coordinate terms
See also
- (prefectures of Japan) 日本; 北海道, 青森県, 岩手県, 宮城県, 秋田県, 山形県, 福島県, 茨城県, 栃木県, 群馬県, 埼玉県, 千葉県, 東京都, 神奈川県, 新潟県, 富山県, 石川県, 福井県, 山梨県, 長野県, 岐阜県, 静岡県, 愛知県, 三重県, 滋賀県, 京都府, 大阪府, 兵庫県, 奈良県, 和歌山県, 鳥取県, 島根県, 岡山県, 広島県, 山口県, 徳島県, 香川県, 愛媛県, 高知県, 福岡県, 佐賀県, 長崎県, 熊本県, 大分県, 宮崎県, 鹿児島県, 沖縄県 (Category: ja:Prefectures of Japan)
References
- ^ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 2012, ニホンVSニッポン 「日本」の読み方、どっちが優勢?, The Nikkei
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Anagrams
- 本日 (honjitsu)
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
Proper noun
Old Japanese
Etymology
The kanji spelling is influenced by 日の本 (pi1 no2 mo(2)to2).
Proper noun
日本 (Yamato2) (kana やまと)
Derived terms
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
日 | 本 |
Proper noun
日本
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Dungan proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 日
- Chinese terms spelled with 本
- zh:Japan
- zh:Countries in Asia
- zh:Countries
- zh:Islands
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 日 read as に
- Japanese terms spelled with 本 read as ほん
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with audio links
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese short forms
- ja:Japan
- ja:Countries in Asia
- ja:Countries
- ja:Islands
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese terms spelled with 日 read as にち
- Japanese terms read with goon
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 日 read as じつ
- Japanese terms read with kan'on
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- ja:Prefectures of Japan
- Japanese words with multiple readings
- Korean lemmas
- Korean proper nouns
- Korean proper nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese proper nouns
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese proper nouns
- Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán