低
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
低 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人竹心一 (OHPM) or 人竹女戈 (OHVI), four-corner 22240, composition ⿰亻氐)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 504
- Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 4
- Unihan data for U+4F4E
Chinese
trad. | 低 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 低 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 低 |
---|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
低 | *tiːl |
氐 | *tiːl, *til |
袛 | *tiːl |
羝 | *tiːl |
眡 | *tiːl, *djilʔ |
岻 | *tiːl, *dil |
奃 | *tiːl |
趆 | *tiːl, *tiːls |
柢 | *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls |
邸 | *tiːlʔ |
底 | *tiːlʔ |
詆 | *tiːlʔ, *diːl |
坻 | *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil |
抵 | *tiːlʔ |
牴 | *tiːlʔ |
觝 | *tiːlʔ |
弤 | *tiːlʔ |
軧 | *tiːlʔ |
骶 | *tiːls |
砥 | *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils |
胝 | *til |
疷 | *til |
秪 | *til |
泜 | *dil |
蚳 | *dil |
彽 | *dil |
阺 | *dil |
貾 | *dil |
祗 | *tjil |
厎 | *tjilʔ, *tjɯʔ |
茋 | *tjilʔ |
鴟 | *tʰjil |
汦 | *kjeʔ, *tjil |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *tiːl) : semantic 亻 (“man, person”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til) – a person lowering themselves, bowing.
Etymology 1
Cognate with 底 (OC *tiːlʔ, “bottom”), 柢 (OC *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls, “root of a tree; base”), Tibetan མཐིལ (mthil, “bottom; floor”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tâi
- Jin (Wiktionary): di1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ti
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: di
- Wade–Giles: ti1
- Yale: dī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: di
- Palladius: ди (di)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ди (di, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dai1
- Yale: dāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: dai1
- Guangdong Romanization: dei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ai1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ai³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tâi
- Hakka Romanization System: daiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: dai1
- Sinological IPA: /tai̯²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: di1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ti¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tej
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tiːl/
Definitions
- low (of height)
- low (of quantity); behind average
- low (of voice); quiet; soft
- to lower; to hang (one's head); to bend; to bow
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 低 (“low”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 低 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 低 |
Taiwan | 低 | |
Malaysia | 低 | |
Singapore | 低 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 低 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 低 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 矮, 低 |
Wuhan | 低, 矮 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 低 |
Hefei | 低, 矮 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 低 |
Hong Kong | 低 | |
Taishan | 低 | |
Yangjiang | 低 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 低 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 低, 矮 |
Hakka | Meixian | 低, 矮 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 低 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 矮 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 下, 矮 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 下 |
Quanzhou | 下 | |
Jinjiang | 下 | |
Zhangzhou | 下 | |
Tainan | 下 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 下 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 下 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 下 | |
Chaozhou | 下, 矮 | |
Shantou | 下 | |
Jieyang | 下 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 下 | |
Pontianak (Teochew) | 下 | |
Singapore (Hainanese) | 低 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 低 |
Ningbo | 低, 矮 | |
Zhoushan | 低, 矮 | |
Wenzhou | 低, 矮 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 低, 矮, 下 |
Shuangfeng | 低, 矮 |
Compounds
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See also
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kě
- Tâi-lô: kě
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ke²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kē
- Tâi-lô: kē
- Phofsit Daibuun: ke
- IPA (Xiamen): /ke²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ke³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kēe
- Tâi-lô: kēe
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gê6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ke³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Definitions
- (Southern Min) (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 下 (“low”).
Japanese
Kanji
低
- low
- short
- humble
Readings
- Go-on: たい (tai)
- Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひくい (hikui, 低い, Jōyō)、ひくまる (hikumaru, 低まる, Jōyō)、ひくめる (hikumeru, 低める, Jōyō)
Korean
Hanja
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
低: Hán Nôm readings: đây, đay, đê
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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