Jump to content

kicsi

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by WingerBot (talk | contribs) as of 06:48, 5 October 2024.
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Hungarian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Shortened from kicsiny.[1]

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): [ˈkit͡ʃi]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ki‧csi
  • Rhymes: -t͡ʃi

Adjective

[edit]

kicsi (comparative kisebb, superlative legkisebb)

  1. little, small
    Synonyms: kis, kicsike, kicsiny, kicsinyke, pici, picike, apró
    Antonym: nagy
  2. in one's childhood (often used with kor)
    Synonym: gyerek (especially in compounds, e.g. gyermekkor)

Usage notes

[edit]

The numeral két (two) and the adjective kis (small, little) can only stand adjectively, before a noun (e.g. két alma (two apples) and kis alma (a small apple)). If they were to occur on their own (possibly also inflected), predicatively, or in reference to a whole noun phrase, the terms kettő (two) and kicsi (small) must be used instead: Csak kettő van (There are only two), Csak kicsi van (There is a small one only.) The same applies to compound numerals like tizenkét and tizenkettő (twelve). In terms of distribution, két and kis are like English sick (sick people ~ két/kis alma) while kettő and kicsi resemble ill (they are ill ~ csak kettő/kicsi van). The longer forms are definitely broader in use as they may also occur adjectively, whether for emphasis or as a form of colloquialism. As a rule of thumb, the short variants (két, kis) never stand on their own.

Declension

[edit]
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative kicsi kicsik
accusative kicsit kicsiket
dative kicsinek kicsiknek
instrumental kicsivel kicsikkel
causal-final kicsiért kicsikért
translative kicsivé kicsikké
terminative kicsiig kicsikig
essive-formal kicsiként kicsikként
essive-modal
inessive kicsiben kicsikben
superessive kicsin kicsiken
adessive kicsinél kicsiknél
illative kicsibe kicsikbe
sublative kicsire kicsikre
allative kicsihez kicsikhez
elative kicsiből kicsikből
delative kicsiről kicsikről
ablative kicsitől kicsiktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
kicsié kicsiké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
kicsiéi kicsikéi

Derived terms

[edit]
Expressions

Noun

[edit]

kicsi (plural kicsik)

  1. (informal) baby, infant, little child
    Synonyms: kisgyerek, csecsemő, baba
  2. (with a first-person singular single-possession possessive suffix) (my) darling, my dear (an affectionate, familiar term of address)
  3. little part, piece, quantity or amount
  4. construed with -ben: in small size or scale

Declension

[edit]
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative kicsi kicsik
accusative kicsit kicsiket
dative kicsinek kicsiknek
instrumental kicsivel kicsikkel
causal-final kicsiért kicsikért
translative kicsivé kicsikké
terminative kicsiig kicsikig
essive-formal kicsiként kicsikként
essive-modal
inessive kicsiben kicsikben
superessive kicsin kicsiken
adessive kicsinél kicsiknél
illative kicsibe kicsikbe
sublative kicsire kicsikre
allative kicsihez kicsikhez
elative kicsiből kicsikből
delative kicsiről kicsikről
ablative kicsitől kicsiktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
kicsié kicsiké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
kicsiéi kicsikéi

Its possessive-suffixed forms are very rare, except for the first-person singular single-possession form kicsim.

Possessive forms of kicsi
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kicsim kicsijeim(or kicsiim)
2nd person sing. kicsid kicsijeid(or kicsiid)
3rd person sing. kicsije kicsijei(or kicsii)
1st person plural kicsink kicsijeink(or kicsiink)
2nd person plural kicsitek kicsijeitek(or kicsiitek)
3rd person plural kicsijük kicsijeik(or kicsiik)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ kicsi in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

[edit]
  • kicsi in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN