諸

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See also: 诸
諸 U+8AF8, 諸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AF8
← 諷
[U+8AF7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 諹 →
[U+8AF9]

諸 U+FA22, 諸
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA22
← 﨡
[U+FA21] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 﨣 →
[U+FA23]
諸 U+FABA, 諸
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FABA
← 調
[U+FAB9] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 請 →
[U+FABB]

Translingual

Han character

諸 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜口十大日 (YRJKA), four-corner 04660, composition ⿰訁者)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1172, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35691
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1637, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3982, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8AF8

Chinese

trad. 諸
simp. 诸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (者) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
觰 *rtaːʔ, *rtaː
諸 *tjaː, *tja
者 *tjaːʔ
堵 *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ
赭 *tjaːʔ
撦 *l̥ʰjaːʔ
扯 *tʰjaːʔ
闍 *djaː, *taː
奢 *hljaː
鍺 *toːlʔ
都 *taː
醏 *taː
覩 *taːʔ
睹 *taːʔ
暏 *taːʔ
賭 *taːʔ
帾 *taːʔ
楮 *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ
屠 *daː, *da
瘏 *daː
廜 *daː
鷵 *daː
緒 *ljaʔ
豬 *ta
猪 *ta
瀦 *ta
藸 *ta, *da
櫫 *ta
褚 *taʔ, *tʰaʔ
著 *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ
箸 *tas, *das
儲 *da
躇 *da
櫧 *tja
藷 *tja, *djas
蠩 *tja
煮 *tjaʔ
渚 *tjaʔ
煑 *tjaʔ
陼 *tjaʔ
翥 *tjas
署 *djas
薯 *djas
曙 *djas
書 *hlja
暑 *hjaʔ
鐯 *taɡ
擆 *taɡ
櫡 *taɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjaː, *tja) : semantic 言 + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

Etymology

諸 (*ta, "many, all") is considered a dependent (non-adjunctive) pronoun, gradually replacing 多 (*tlai, “many, all”). The two may be cognate, and it may be conceivable that 諸 had branched off from 多 in the sense "all" as the pre-nominal proclitic with the loss of the final *-i in 多.

Probably also cognate with 都 (dū, “all”).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 諸
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/ ～葛
/ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ ～位
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/
/t͡su²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃu²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
Xi'an /p͡fu²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/
Lanzhou /p͡fu³¹/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡su⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡su⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂu³¹/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡su¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sz̩ʷ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡su³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷ³³/
Wenzhou /t͡sz̩³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕy³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕy¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy³³/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕy³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕy⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡su⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʃu²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sy⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sy⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sy⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡su⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sy⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sy⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡su³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡si²³/
Rime
Character 諸 諸
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 章 (23) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 魚 (22) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 章魚切 正奢切
Baxter tsyo tsyae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨʌ/ /t͡ɕia/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɔ/ /t͡ɕia/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiɔ/ /t͡ɕia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cɨə̆/ /cia/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiɔ/ /t͡ɕia/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭo/ /t͡ɕĭa/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯wo/ /t͡ɕi̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhū zhē
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zyu1 ze1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 諸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyo ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ta/
English many

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 諸 諸
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 16959 17000
Phonetic
component 		者 者
Rime
group 		魚 魚
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		遮 諸
Old
Chinese 		/*tjaː/ /*tja/

Definitions

諸

  1. many; each; every; all (forming plurals; especially for persons to whom respect is due)
    諸侯／诸侯  ―  zhūhóu  ―  all the feudal lords
    諸位／诸位  ―  zhūwèi  ―  all those present
    諸子百家／诸子百家  ―  zhūzǐbǎijiā  ―  Hundred Schools of Thought
    諸事不宜／诸事不宜  ―  zhū shì bù yí  ―  do not do anything today (used in Chinese almanacs)
  2. Contraction of 之乎.
  3. Contraction of 之於／之于. it + into/onto/unto/than
    置諸死地／置诸死地  ―  zhì zhū sǐ dì  ―  to kill someone (lit. to put someone into the territory of death)
  4. † sentence-final particle
    日居月諸、照臨下土 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
    日居月诸、照临下土 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    rìjīyuèzhū, zhàolín xiàtǔ [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  5. † sentence-medial particle
    夫子之求之也，其諸異乎人之求之與 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之与 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
    fūzǐ zhī qiú zhī yě, qí zhū yì hū rén zhī qiú zhī yǔ [Pinyin]
    The master's mode of asking information! - is it not different from that of other men?
  6. a surname

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 諸
Kyūjitai
[1]
諸
&#xFA22;
or
諸+&#xFE00;?
諸󠄀
諸+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
諸󠄃
諸+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

諸

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 諸)

  1. various
  2. many
  3. several
  4. together

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
諸
もろ
Grade: 6
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
諸 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 諸 – see the following entry.
【もろ】
[prefix] [from late 800s] 諸, 双, 両: both, double
[prefix] [from 720] 諸: many, various, all of
[prefix] [from early 1500s] 諸: indicating something done by many people or things together
Alternative spellings
双, 両
【もろモロ】
[adverb] (informal) Alternative form of もろに (moro ni, “entirely”)
Alternative spellings
双, 両
(This term, 諸, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
諸
しょ
Grade: 6
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
諸 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

Prefix

諸(しょ) • (sho-) 

  1. various, all the
    琉(りゅう)球(きゅう)諸(しょ)言(げん)語(ご)
    Ryūkyū sho-gengo
    Ryukuan languages

References

  1. ^ “諸”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

諸 (eumhun 모두 제 (modu je))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Hanja

諸 (eumhun 김치 저 (gimchi jeo))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

諸: Hán Nôm readings: chư, chơ, chưa, chã, chở, chứa, đã

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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