lanius
Latin
Etymology
Uncertain. De Vaan (2008) proposes Proto-Italic *lanios, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lomH-io- (with unrounding of *o to /a/ after /l/, and palatalization of -mi- to -ni-), from Proto-Indo-European *lem(H)- (“to break”).[1] On the other hand, Ernout and Meillet (1985) argue based on semantics that this word is more likely to be a derivative of the verb laniō (“rip up, tear to pieces”) than the reverse.[2] Both dictionaries mention a hypothesis that this word could be of Etruscan origin (as lanista, which looks related, is alleged by Isidore to be from Etruscan), but De Vaan is reluctant to accept that as the origin.
Lewis 1889 supposes it could be derived from *lacnius, with the same root as Latin lacer (“torn, mangled”), lacinia (“edge, flap”) and Ancient Greek λᾰκίζω (lakízō, “to tear to pieces”)[3] (from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂(-)k- (“to tear, rend”)), but the expected phonetic outcome of *lacn- according to Latin sound changes would be lagn-.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈla.ni.us/, [ˈɫ̪äniʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈla.ni.us/, [ˈläːnius]
Noun
lanius m (genitive laniī or lanī); second declension
- butcher
- Synonyms: carnifex, laniātor, laniō, macellarius
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | lanius | laniī |
| Genitive | laniī lanī1 |
laniōrum |
| Dative | laniō | laniīs |
| Accusative | lanium | laniōs |
| Ablative | laniō | laniīs |
| Vocative | lanī | laniī |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Related terms
References
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “lanius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 326
- ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “laniō, -ās, -āuī, -ātum, -āre”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 340
- ^ Lewis, Charlton Thomas (1889) A Latin Dictionary for Schools, New York: Harper & Brothers, page 1185
Further reading
- “lanius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lanius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- lanius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- lanius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Latin terms with unknown etymologies
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the second declension
- Latin masculine nouns
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