Deleng sumberé Wong Rohingya

{{Infobox ethnic group
|group=Wong Rohingya
|native_name=Ruáingga
|image=Displaced Rohingya people in Rakhine State (8280610831).jpg
|poptime=1.547.778<ref name="Mahmood, Wroe, Fuller, Leaning 2016">{{cite journal |author1=Mahmood |author2=Wroe |author3=Fuller |author4=Leaning| title= The Rohingya people of Myanmar: health, human rights, and identity | journal=Lancet | year=2016 | volume= | pages=1–10| url=http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)00646-2/abstract | format=fee required | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00646-2 | pmid=    27916235 | issue=}}</ref>–2.000.000+<ref>{{cite book|author1=David Mathieson|title=Perilous Plight: Burma's Rohingya Take to the Seas|date=2009|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|isbn=9781564324856|page=3}}</ref>
|popplace= [[Myanmar]] ([[Praja Rakhine]]), [[Banggaladésa]], [[Malaysia]], [[Népal]], [[Pakistan]], [[Arab Saudi]], [[Thailand]], [[Indonésia]], [[India]]
|region1={{flag|Myanmar}}
|pop1=1,3 yuta<ref name="bbc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33007536|title=Will anyone help the Rohingya people?|work=BBC News}}</ref>
|ref1=<ref name=":5">{{cite web|url=http://www.ash.harvard.edu/extension/ash/docs/A_Fatal_Distraction_from_Federalism_Religious_Conflict_in_Rakhine.pdf |title=Fatal Distraction from Federalism: Religious Conflict in Rakhine |date=October 2014 |website= |publisher=Harvard Ash Center |last=Dapice |first=David |access-date=8 Fèbruari 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105013614/http://www.ash.harvard.edu/extension/ash/docs/A_Fatal_Distraction_from_Federalism_Religious_Conflict_in_Rakhine.pdf |archive-date=5 Januari 2015 |df=dmy }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://asianhistory.about.com/od/Asian_History_Terms_N_Q/g/Who-Are-The-Rohingya.htm|title=Who Are the Rohingya?|publisher=About Education|year=2014|access-date=8 Maret 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118161625/http://asianhistory.about.com/od/Asian_History_Terms_N_Q/g/Who-Are-The-Rohingya.htm|archive-date=18 Novèmber 2012}}</ref>
|region2={{flag|Arab Saudi}}
|pop2=400.000
|ref2=<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ethnologue.com/country/SA | title=Saudi Arabia entry at Ethnologue | publisher=Ethnologue | access-date=6 Fèbruari 2015}}</ref>
|region3={{flag|Banggaladésa}}
|pop3=300.000–500.000
|ref3=<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thedailystar.net/bangladeshs-rohingya-camps-promise-or-peril-52913 | title=Banggaladésa's Rohingya camps - promise or peril? | publisher=[[The Daily Star (Banggaladésa)|The Daily Star]] | date=2 Dhésèmber 2014 | access-date=19 Mèi 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Myanmar Rohingya refugees call for Suu Kyi's help|url=http://www.rohingyablogger.com/2012/06/myanmar-rohingya-refugees-call-for-suu.html|date=13 Juni 2012|agency=Agence France-Presse|access-date=9 Juli 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.businessnews-bd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=973%3Abangladesh-for-permanent-solution-to-burmese-rohingya-refugee-problem&Itemid=71 | title=Banggaladésa for permanent solution to Burmese Rohingya refugee problem | work=Banggaladésa Business News | access-date=19 Mèi 2015}}</ref>
|region4={{flag|Pakistan}}
|pop4=200.000
|ref4=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?200305 |title=Homeless In Karachi &#124; Owais Tohid, Arshad Mahmud |publisher=Outlookindia.com |date=29 Novèmber 1995 |access-date=18 Oktober 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs/SRI-rohingya.htm |title=Box 5925 Annapolis, MD 21403 info@srintl |publisher=Burmalibrary.org |date= |access-date=18 Oktober 2013}}</ref><ref name="huffington">{{cite news | author=Derek Henry Flood | title=From South to South: Refugees as Migrants: The Rohingya in Pakistan | url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/derek-henry-flood/from-south-to-south-refug_b_100387.html | newspaper=Huffington Post | date=31 Dhésèmber 1969 | access-date=11 Fèbruari 2015 }}</ref>
|region5={{flag|Thailand}}
|pop5=100.000
|ref5=<ref>{{cite news|last=Husain|first=Irfan|title=Karma and killings in Myanmar|url=http://dawn.com/2012/07/30/karma-and-killings-in-myanmar/|newspaper=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|date=30 Juli 2012|access-date=10 Agustus 2012}}</ref>
|region6={{flag|Malaysia}}
|pop6=40.070
|ref6=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org.my/About_Us-@-Figures_At_A_Glance.aspx|title=Figure At A Glance|publisher=[[Malaysia and the United Nations|UNHCR Malaysia]]|year=2014|access-date=30 Dhésèmber 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230060328/http://www.unhcr.org.my/About_Us-@-Figures_At_A_Glance.aspx|archive-date=30 Dhésèmber 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|region7={{flag|Indonésia}}
|pop7=11.941
|ref7=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2015/05/19/jumlah-pengungsi-rohingya-di-indonesia-capai-11941-orang|title=Jumlah Pengungsi Rohingya di Indonésia Capai 11.941 Orang|language=Indonesian|author=Jalimin|publisher=Acèh Tribun News|date=19 Mèi 2015|access-date=11 Oktober 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011043047/http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2015/05/19/jumlah-pengungsi-rohingya-di-indonesia-capai-11941-orang|archive-date=11 Oktober 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
|region8={{flag|Népal}}
|pop8=200
|ref8=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/43651/over-200-rohingya-settle-illegally-in-capital.html |title=200 Rohingya Refugess are not accepted as Refugees and Nepal Government considers them illegal migrants |quote=An estimated 36,000 Rohingya Refugess living in India |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604182045/http://myrepublica.com/feature-article/story/43651/over-200-rohingya-settle-illegally-in-capital.html |archive-date=4 Juni 2016 |df=dmy }}</ref>
| region9 = {{flag|India}}
| pop9 = 36.000
| ref9 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dw.com/en/worldlink-the-plight-of-rohingyas-in-india/av-19434182 |title=WorldLink: The plight of Rohingyas in India |date=29 Juli 2016 |website=Deutsche Welle}}</ref>
|langs=[[Basa Rohingya|Rohingya]]
|rels= [[Islam]]
|related-c = 
}}
'''Wong Rohingya '''iku wong Indho-Arya [[Muslim]] saka [[Praja Rakhine]], [[Myanmar]].<ref name=lan>{{cite book | title=Language and National Identity in Asia | publisher=Oxford University Press | author=Andrew Simpson | year=2007 | location=United Kingdom | page=267 | isbn=978-0199226481}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/rhg |title=Rohingya reference at Ethnologue}}</ref> Miturut wong Rohingya dhéwé lan sawenèh winasis, wong Rohingya iku pribumi Praja Rakhine. Éwadéné, ana ahli sajarah kang mratélakaké manawa wong Rohingya iku saka Banggala kang neneka ing Myanmar ing telung mangsa: (1) nalika jamané pamaréntahan Britis ing Burma,{{Sfn|Leider|2013|p=7}}<ref name="Derek">{{cite web | url=http://blog.irrawaddy.org/2014/04/blog-post_52.html | title=The 'Rohingya' Identity - British experience in Arakan 1826-1948 | author=Derek Tonkin | publisher=The Irrawaddy | access-date=19 Januari 2015 | archive-date=2015-01-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119082025/http://blog.irrawaddy.org/2014/04/blog-post_52.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title = Burma's Muslims: Terrorists or Terrorised?|last = Selth|first = Andrew|publisher = Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Ostralin National University|year = 2003|isbn = 073155437X|location = Ostrali|page = 7}}</ref> (2) nalika Burma mardika ing taun 1948, sarta (3) nalika Perang Pambébasing Banggaladésa ing taun 1971.<ref name=Kaiser>{{cite web|url = http://www.networkmyanmar.org/images/stories/PDF13/kaiser-obrien.pdf|title = Extract from record by UK Ambassador Terrence J O'Brien of his call in Rangoon on the Banggaladésa Ambassador to Burma Khwaja Mohammed Kaiser|date = 23 Dhésèmber 1975|website = Network Myanmar|publisher = |access-date = 21 Fèbruari 2015}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite book|title = Minority Problems in Southeast Asia|last = Adloff|first = Richard|publisher = Stanford University Press|year = 1955|isbn = |location = United States|page = 154|last2 = Thompson|first2 = Virginia}}</ref>{{Sfn|Crisis Group|2014|pp=4-5}}<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /> Organisasi hak asasi manungsa lan médhia internasional asring mratélakaké yèn wong Rohingya iku golongan minoritas kang paling disiya-siya ing saindenging donya.{{Sfn|Crisis Group|2014|p=i}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Myanmar, Banggaladésa leaders 'to discuss Rohingya'|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-06-26/an-burma-bangladesh-rohingya-talks/4092238|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=29 Juni 2012}}</ref> Sanajan mangkono, pratélan mangkono durung kaweruhan asalé apa saka Pasarékatan Bangsa-Bangsa apa dudu.<ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/7376-origin-of-most-persecuted-minority-statement-unclear.html|title = Origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement unclear|last = MclaughLin|first = Tim|date = 8 Juli 2013|work = |access-date = 17 Fèbruari 2015}}</ref>

Wong Muslim wis dumunung ing Praja Rakhine (uga ingaran Arakan) kawit abad ping 16. Sadurungé wong Britis kuwasa, cacahé wong Muslim kang ndunungi wewengkon iku ora dingertèni persisé.{{Sfn|Leider|2013}} Sabubaré Perang Britis-Burma I ing taun 1826, wong Britis nyaplok wewengkon Arakan lan nggiyataké migrasi saka Banggala karebèn kang migrasi mau padha dadi buruh tani. Wong Muslim mau cacahé 5% saka gunggung warga Arakan rikala taun 1869, sanajan ing taun-taun sadurungé angkané luwih gedhé. Cacah sirah (sènsus) kang diadani wong Britis nalika taun 1872 lan 1911 nyathet undhak-undhakan kèhé wong Muslim saka wong 58.255 dadi wong 178.647 ing Dhistrik Akyab. Sasuwéné Perang Donya II, rajapati masal kelakon rikala taun 1942 ing Arakan amarga pecahing perang antaraning golongan Wadya V kang dumadi saka wong-wong Rohingya disenjatani péhak Britis lan golongan Buda Rakhine. Jalaran iku, wewengkon kono dadi kakothak-kothak miturut golongan ètnis.<ref name=":2">{{cite book | title=Forgotten Armies: The Fall of British Asia, 1941-1945 | publisher=Harvard University Press | author=Bayly & Harper | year=2005 | pages=383–384 | isbn=0-14-029331-0}}</ref>

Ing taun 1982, pamaréntahan Jéndral Ne Win ngukuhaké pranatan bab warga nagara Burma. Pranatan iki ora ngakoni wong Rohingya minangka warga nagara. Kawit taun 1990-an, istilah "Rohingya" mundhak panganggoné sajeroning bebrayan Rohingya.<ref name="Derek" /><ref name=":7">{{cite web|url = http://www.networkmyanmar.org/images/stories/PDF15/Leider-Note.pdf|title = "Rohingya": Rakhaing and Recent Outbreak of Violence: A Note|date = |website = |publisher = Network Myanmar|last = Leider|first = Jacques P.|access-date = 11 Fèbruari 2015}}</ref>

Nalika taun 2013, ana udakara 1,3 yuta wong Rohingya kang urip ing Myanmar.<ref name="bbc.com"/> Wong Rohingya mligi dumunung ing iring lor kutha-kutha madya Rakhine lan cacah jiwané ngancik 80–98% gunggungé populasi kono.<ref name=":7" /> Akèh wong Rohingya oncat menyang kampung-kampung reged lan kémah-kémah pangungsèn ing nagara Banggaladésa<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.dandc.eu/en/article/bangladesh-and-other-asian-countries-must-act-alleviate-plight-rohingya-refugees | author=Ridwanul Hoque | title=Asian challenge | publisher=D+C, development and cooperation | date=16 Maret 2016 | accessdate=27 April 2016}}</ref> lan laladan wates nagara [[Thailand]]. Wong Rohingya ing Myanmar ana cacah 100.000 punjul kang urip ing kémah-kémah pangungsèn, nanging ora diidinaké nglungani nagara déning pamaréntah saenggon.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/20/burma-rohingya-muslim-refugee-camps | title=Trapped inside Burma's refugee camps, the Rohingya people call for recognition | publisher=The Guardian | date=20 Dhésèmber 2012 | access-date=10 Fèbruari 2015}}</ref><ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news|title=US Holocaust Museum highlights plight of Myanmar's downtrodden Rohingya Muslims| url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2013/11/06/us-holocaust-museum-highlights-plight-myanmar-downtrodden-rohingya-muslims/ |date=6 Novèmber 2013|agency=[[Associated Press]]|work=[[Fox News Channel|Fox News]]}}</ref> Wong Rohingya olèh kawigatèn internasional amarga kadadéan haruhara ing Praja Rakhine ing taun 2012 sarta amarga krisis wong ngungsi ing taun 2015 nalika wong Rohingya marsudi migrasi menyang nagara-nagara ing Asiah Kidul-wétan.

==Jeneng==
Wong Rohingya ngarani golongané dhéwé ''Ruáingga'' {{IPA|/ɾuájŋɡa/}}. Ing basa-basa gedhé wewengkon kono, wong Rohingya diarani ''rui hang gya'' ing cara {{lang-my|ရိုဟင်ဂျာ}} {{IPA|/ɹòhɪ̀ɴd͡ʑà/}} lan ''Rohingga'' ing cara {{lang-bn|রোহিঙ্গা}} {{IPA|/ɹohiŋɡa/}}.

Jacques P. Leider mratélakaké manawa ing sumber-sumber prakolonial, istilah ''Rohingya'' katulis ''Rooinga'' lan mung muncul pisan sajeroning tulisané Francis Buchanan-Hamilton.<ref name="leider_arakan">{{cite news| last=Leider | first=Jacques P.| title=Interview: History Behind Arakan State Conflict | url=http://www.irrawaddy.org/archives/8642 | work=[[The Irrawaddy]] | date=9 Juli 2012 |access-date=9 Juli 2012}}</ref> Sajeroning artikelé taun 1799 "''A Comparative Vocabulary of Some of the Languages Spoken in the Burma Empire''" (cara Jawa: Vokabulèr Bandhingan Sawenèh Basa Caturan ing Kamaharajan Burma), Hamilton nulis, "saiki aku kudu nambahaké telung dhialèk kang digunemaké ing Kamaharajan ''Burma'', tur katoné tumurun saka basané bangsa ''Indhu''. Sing kapisan ya iku dicaturaké déning wongé ''Mokamad'', kang wis kawit suwé dumunung ing ''Arakan'', lan kang ngarani golongané dhéwé ''Rooinga'', utawa pribumi ''Arakan''."<ref name="buchanan_burma">{{cite journal |last=Buchanan-Hamilton |first=Francis |authorlink=Francis Buchanan-Hamilton |date=1799 |title=A Comparative Vocabulary of Some of the Languages Spoken in the Burma Empire |url=http://www.soas.ac.uk/sbbr/editions/file64276.pdf |journal=Asiatic Researches |publisher=[[The Asiatic Society]] |volume=5 |pages=219–240 |access-date=9 Juli 2012 |archive-date=2012-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020051420/http://www.soas.ac.uk/sbbr/editions/file64276.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Tembung ''Rohingya'' mangku teges "kang ndunungi Rohang". Rohang iku jeneng lawasé Arakan kang diwènèhi wong Muslim.<ref name="auto">{{cite magazine |title=The Rohingyas: The most persecuted people on Earth? |url=http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21654124-myanmars-muslim-minority-have-been-attacked-impunity-stripped-vote-and-driven |magazine=[[The Economist]] |date=13 Juni 2015 |access-date=15 Juni 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Nirma l|title=Genocide 'not the issue' in Myanmar |url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/genocide-not-the-issue-in-myanmar |newspaper=The Strait Times |access-date=2 Novèmber 2015}}</ref>

Sabubaré kadadéan haruhara 2012, para akadhemisi nganggo istilah Rohingya kanggo ngarani bebrayan Muslim ing iring lor wewengkon Rakhine. Profésor Andrew Selth saka Universitas Griffith contoné, nganggo tembung "Rohingya" nanging mratélakaké yèn "golongan wong iki mono wong Muslim Banggala kang dumunung ing Praja Arakan... wong Rohingya akèh-akèhé padha teka bareng kolonialis Britis rikala abad ping 19 lan 20."{{Sfn|Leider|2013|p=7}}<ref name=":3" /> Ing antarané bebrayan agung Rohingya ing njaban rangkah, aran iku dadi sangsaya kondhang kawit taun 1990-an. Sanajan mangkono, wong-wong Muslim ing iring lor wewengkon Rakhine ora kalumrah ngrungu aran iku lan milih nganggo aran-aran liyané.<ref name="Derek" /><ref name="leider_arakan" />

== Rujukan ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

=== Sumber tambahan ===
{{commons category}}
* {{Cite book|title = Rohingya: the name, the movement and the quest for identity|last = Leider|first = Jacques|publisher = Myanmar Egress and the Myanmar Peace Center|year = 2013|isbn = |location = |pages = 204–255|url = http://www.networkmyanmar.org/images/stories/PDF17/Leider-2014.pdf }}
* {{cite web|url = http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/south-east-asia/burma-myanmar/261-myanmar-the-politics-of-rakhine-state.pdf|title = Myanmar:The Politics of Rakhine State|date = 22 Oktober 2014|access-date = 8 Fèbruari 2015|website = |publisher = International Crisis Group| ref={{Sfnref|Crisis Group|2014}}}}

[[Kategori:Wong Rohingya|*]]
[[Kategori:Golongan ètnik ing Myanmar|Rohingya]]