Candi
Candi adolah istilah nan marujuak kapado sabuah bangunan agamo tampek ibadaik paninggalan purbakala nan barasa dari peradaban Hindu-Buddha.[1] Bangunan ko dipakai sabagai tampek pamujaan dewa-dewi ataupun mamuliakan Buddha. Tapi, istilah 'candi' indak anyo dipakai dek masyarakaik untuak manyabuik tampek ibadaik sajo, banyak situs-situs purbakala non-religius dari maso Hindu-Buddha Indonesia klasik, baiak sabagai istano (kraton), pamandian, gapura, dan sabagainyo, disabuik juo jo istilah candi.
Candi marupokan bangunan tiruan tampek tingga dewa-dewi nan sabananyo, iyolah Gunuang Mahameru.[2] Dek itu, seni arsitekturnyo dihias jo babagai macam ukiran jo pahatan babantuak pola hieh nan disasuaikan jo alam Gunuang Mahameru.[2] Candi-candi jo pasan nan disampaikan lewaik arsitektur, relief, sarato arca-arcanyo indak panah lapeh dari unsua spiritualitas, dayo cipta, jo katarampilan tukang bangunnyo.[3]
Sabagian candi umpamo Candi Borobudur jo Prambanan dibangun amaik bamego-mego, detail, kayo jo ragam hieh nan mewah, banilai estetika nan tinggi, jo mamakai teknologi arsitektur nan maju pado zamannyo. Bangunan-bangunan ko inggo kini manjadi bukti baitu tingginyo kabudayaan jo paradaban niniak muyang sabuah bangso.[4]
Pautan lua
| Ado kategori tantang Candi di Wikimedia Commons |
Wikidata: Candi
- Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia Archived 2013-11-09 di Wayback Machine. Basis data tantang Candi dari Perpusnas RI
- Yogyes.com Manjalajahi Candi-Candi Saisuak di Yogyakarta
- Borobudur TV Archived 2004-06-08 di Wayback Machine. Basis data jo galeri tantang Candi-candi di Jawa Tangah jo Yogyakarta
Rujuakan
- ↑ Jacques Dumarçay, "Candi Sewu: dan arsitektur bangunan agama buda di Jawa Tengah: and buddhist architecture of Central Java", Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2007, 9799100887, 9789799100887.
- ↑ a b Nana Supriatna, "Sejarah", PT Grafindo Media Pratama, 9797586006, 9789797586003.
- ↑ Thomas Wendoris, "Mengenal Candi-candi Nusantara", Pustaka Widyatama, 9796102366, 9789796102365.
- ↑ F. X. Gabriel, "Api nan Apik", BPK Gunung Mulia, 2000, 9799290007, 9789799290007.
Daftar pustaka
- Soekmono, R. (1995). Jan Fontein. ed. The Javanese Candi: Function and Meaning, Volume 17 from Studies in Asian Art and Archaeology, Vol 17. Leiden: E.J. BRILL. ISBN 9789004102156. https://books.google.com/books?id=7cd2Ha7fT90C.
- Degroot, Véronique (2009). Candi, Space and Landscape: A Study on the Distribution, Orientation and Spatial Organization of Central Javanese Temple Remains. Leiden: Sidestone Press, Issue 38 of Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde. ISBN 9789088900396. https://books.google.com/books?id=u2HzduME8OcC.
- Sedyawati, Edi; Santiko, Hariani; Djafar, Hasan; Maulana, Ratnaesih; Ramelan, Wiwin Djuwita Sudjana; Ashari, Chaidir (2013) (dalam bahaso id, en). Candi Indonesia: Seri Jawa. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan. ISBN 9786021766934. https://books.google.com/books?id=MsLiCQAAQBAJ.
Bacoan lanjuik
- Dumarcay, J. 1986 Temples of Java Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press
- Holt, C. 1967 Art in Indonesia Ithaca: Cornell University
- Patt, J.A. 1979 The Uses and Symbolism of Water in Ancient Indonesian Temple Architecture University of California, Berkeley (unublished PhD thesis)
- Prijotomo, J. 1984 Ideas and Forms of Javanese Architecture Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press
- Degroot, Véronique 2009 Candi, Space and Landscape: A Study on the Distribution, Orientation and Spatial Organization of Central Javanese Temple Remains Leiden: Sidestone Press, Issue 38 of Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden, ISBN 9088900396