Kacang kola

Kacang kola merupakan kekeras yang diperolehi daripada beberapa spesies pokok genus Cola dalam cabang Sterculioideae keluarga Malvaceae yang bertaburan di hutan-hutan hujan tropika benua Afrika; terutamanya dari spesies-spesies Cola acuminata dan Cola nitida.^[1]

Biji-biji kekeras ini kaya dengan kafeina yang dimanfaatkan dalam penghasilan bahan penambah perisa terutamanya dalam minuman ringan air kola dimasyhurkan jenama seperti Coca-Cola.^[2] Nigeria merupakan negara pengeluar utama kacang ini sedunia menyumbang 52.4% hasil tanaman ini diikuti Côte d'Ivoire dan Cameroon.^[3]

Komposisi

Kacang kola mengandungi sebanyak 2–4% kafeina dan teobromina,^[1] serta tanin, alkaloid, saponin dan flavonoid.^[4]

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b Burdock, G. A.; Carabin, I. G.; Crincoli, C. M. (2009). "Safety Assessment of Kola Nut Extract as a Food Ingredient". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 47 (8): 1725–32. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.019. PMID 19394393.
^ Veronique Greenwood (23 September 2016). "The little-known nut that gave Coca-Cola its name". BBC Future. Dicapai pada 23 Disember 2019. These days, the Coca-Cola recipe is a closely guarded secret. But it's said to no longer contain kola nut extract, relying instead on artificial imitations to achieve the flavour
^ "Top Producing Countries of Kola Nut". Tridge. Dicapai pada 29 Disember 2019.
^ Adeyeye, E. I.; Ayejuyo, O. O. (1994). "Chemical composition of Cola acuminata and Garcinia kola seeds grown in Nigeria". International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 45 (4).

Pautan luar

The Rise and Fall of Cocaine Cola

[Burdock-1] Burdock, G. A.; Carabin, I. G.; Crincoli, C. M. (2009). "Safety Assessment of Kola Nut Extract as a Food Ingredient". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 47 (8): 1725–32. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.019. PMID 19394393.

[bbc-2] Veronique Greenwood (23 September 2016). "The little-known nut that gave Coca-Cola its name". BBC Future. Dicapai pada 23 Disember 2019. These days, the Coca-Cola recipe is a closely guarded secret. But it's said to no longer contain kola nut extract, relying instead on artificial imitations to achieve the flavour

[3] "Top Producing Countries of Kola Nut". Tridge. Dicapai pada 29 Disember 2019.

[4] Adeyeye, E. I.; Ayejuyo, O. O. (1994). "Chemical composition of Cola acuminata and Garcinia kola seeds grown in Nigeria". International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 45 (4).

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