Ishyirahamwe ry'abaganga kw'isi

Ishyirahamwe ry'Abaganga kw'Isi (WMA) ni inkusanyamashyirahamwe ry'igenga kandi mpuzamahanga y'imiryango y'abaganga b'umwuga mu bihugu bitandukanye, bityo

rihagarariye abaganga ku isi yose. ryatangijwe kuwa 18 Nzeri 1947^[1] ,rirakura kugeza ku banyamuryango b'ingaga z'abaganga mu bihugu bitandukanye 114 muri 2024^[2] ^[3] ndetse n'Abaganga barenga miliyoni 10.

Irishyirahamwe (WMA) ritanga urubuga kubanyamuryango baryo rwo kuvugana bisanzuye, bagakorana, kugirango bagere kumikorere inoze kandi y'ubunyamwuga no kongera ubunyamwuga bw'isanzuye ku baganga ku isi yose. imikoranire, WMA afite intego yo koroshya imikoranire, kwita kubarwayi ndetse ahantu hafite ubuzima, bongera imibereho myiza y'abantu bose ku isi.

Intego

Intego ya WMA ni ugukorera inyokumuntu mu guharanira kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu myigishirize y'ibijyanye n'ubuvuzi , ubumenyi buhagije kubuvuzi, ubuvuzi bunoze no guhabwa serivisi z'ubuvuzi nziza ku bantu bose ku isi^[4]

Amateka

Irishyirahamwe cg umuryango (WMA) washinzwe ku wa 18 Nzeri 1947, Ubwo abaganga bo mu bihugu 28 bitandukanye bahuye bwa mbere mu nama rusange y'iri shyirahamwe i Paris. uy' umuryango wubatswe hagendeye ku gitekerezo cy'umuryango w'abaganga w'abongereza mu 1945 , mu nama yabereye i London kugirango hatangizwe umuryango mpuzamahanga w'abaganga wazaga gusimbura ishyirahamwe ry'abanyamwuga mpuzamahanga b'abaganga ryari ryahagaritse imirimo yaryo bitewe n'intambara y'isi yose II.

Mu buryo bwo koroshya ubufasha bw'amafaranga buturuka mu b'anyamuryango , mu 1948 , inteko nyobozi yatangije ubunyamabanga bwa WMA mu mujyi wa New York mu buryo bwo koroshya imikoranire n'umuryango wabibumbye ndetse n'ibindi bigo b'iwushamikiyeho. ubunyamabanga bw'iri shyirahamwe WMA bwagumye New york kugeza mu 1974 igihe ku mpamvu z'umutungo no kugirango bakorere hafi ya Geneve nk'umujyi uzwiho kugira imiryango mpuzamahanga myinshi yigenga (WHO,ILO,ICN,ISSA,etc.) bwavuye aho bwari bujyanwa mu bufaransa ahitwa Ferney-voltaire. Abanyamuryango bahuraga mu nama y'umwaka ariyo yaje kwitwa "World Medical Assembly" Inama Rusange 1962.

Kuva Muntangiriro WMA yagaragaje kwita cyane k'ubuvuzi bunoze muri rusange ndetse no ku isi yose , ikaba nyambere mugushyiraho amabwiriza anoze ku baganga bose bo ku isi. n'isesengura ry'amagambo ari mu ndahiro ya Hippocrates ryaje kwemerwa mu nama rusange ya II mu 1948 i Geneva . inteko rusange yemeje iyo ndahiro ivuguruye bayita "inyandiko y'i Geneve."

Nanone mu nama rusange ya II raporo ku "ibyaha by'intamabara n'ubuvuzi" yarakiriwe. ibi byateye inteko gushyiraho akanama kiga kandi kagategura amabwiriza y'ubuvuzi mpuzamahanga ngenderwaho akaba yaraje kwemerwa nyuma yo kuyemeranyaho mu nama rusange III mu 1949.

Na Nyuma yo kwemeza izi nyandiko ebyiri , WMA yakomeje guhabwa amakuru yo kutubahiriza amabwiriza agenga ubuvuzi, ibyaha byakozwe n'abaganga mu bihe by'intambara, kwigira cg gukorera ubushakashatsi ku bantu mu buryo butemewe n'ibindi bibazo bijyanye no kutubahiriza amabwiriza ndetse n;'amategeko agenga umwuga w'ubuvuzi. ibi byateye inteko gushyiraho akanama gahoraho ku bijyanye n'amabwiriza agenga ubuvuzi mu 1952, akanama ariko kakomeje no gukora kuva icyo gihe nkuko ushobora kubibona mu nyandiko z'ishyirahamwe WMA n'amakuru yayo agezweho.

Ubuyobozi

Inteko rusange

Ni rwo rwego rukuru rufata ibyemezo muri iri shyirahamwe WMA ruhura buri mwaka rugizwe n'abanyamuryango baturutse mu bihugu binyamuryango nabagize ururgaga, abofosiye n'abahagarariye abanyamuryango bigenga (associate members).

Urugaga

Inteko nkuru itora buri mwaya ibiri abagie urugaga baturutse mu turere dutandatu tugize umuryango ku isi ari twoː Afurika, Asiya, Uburayi, Amerika y'abalatino, Amerika y'amajyaruguru na Pasifika. iteko rusange kandi itora umuyobozi (President) buri mwaka, ari we uhagararira umuryango mu nama n'ibirori. Umuyobozi utowe nuvuyeho bakora kuburyo ubonetse ariwe uhagararira umuryango.

Buri myaka ibiri, ururgaga rwa WMA, ukuyemo abayobozi(Presidents) batora uhagararira umuryango mu buryo bwa politiki. nkuhagarariye ibikorwa by'umuryango, umunyamabanga mukuru ari we mukozi uhoraho mu bunyamabanga utorwa n'urugaga.

Ubunyamabanga

Ubunyamabanga bw'ishyirahamwe buherereye in Ferney-Voltaire, France, iruhande n'umujyi wa Geneva.

Indimi zikoreshwa

icyongereza, Igifaransa, n'icyesipanyol Unizo mdimi zikoreshwa n'ishyirahamwe kava ryatangira gukora.

Ubunyamuryango

WMA ifite ibyiciro by'abanyamuryango bikurikira

Abanyamuryango shingiroː ahanini bashingiye kubanyamuryango bamashyirahamwe y'abaganga mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi
Abanyamuryango bigengaː aba ni abaganga baba abanyamuryango ba WMA bitanyuze mu mashyirahamwe y'abaganga mu bihugu byabo , bafite uburenganzira bwo gutora ndetse no kuba mu nama y'inteko rusange binyuze bu bo ubwabo bitoraniriza ngo babahagararire.

Andi makuru y'abanyamuryango ushobora kuyabona ukanzehano (WMA Membership):

Imishinga

WMA ikora ku bintu bitandukanye,^[5] Ibyigenzi ni:

Ubuvugizi
Ubugenzuzi bw'umwuga
Inzego z'ubuzima
Uburenganzira bwa muntu
Ubuzima rusange

Mu bijyanye no kunoza imikorere ,WMA Ifite inyandiko nyinshi n'imyanzuro yemejwe n'inteko rusange byose bigerageza kuha umurongo amashyirahamwe y'abaganga mu bihugu imbere, leta zitandukanye ndetse n'imiryango ku isi yose. ingingo nyinshi zizweho nk'uburenganzira bw'abarwayi, ubushakashatsi ku bantu , kwita kubarwayi n'inkomere mu bihe by'amakimbirane, itotezwa ry'imfungwa, gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, kubomeza urubyaro no guhumana kw'ikirere.^[6]

WMA ikora no kuri ibi bikurikira:

Uburezi bujyanye n'ubuvuzi
Gutegura abazakora mu bijyanye na serivisi z'ubuzima
Ubwirinzi bw'abarwayi
Imiyoborere no guteza imbere umwuga
Ubuvugizi ku baganga n'uburenganzira bw'abarwayi
Ubuzima n'ubwirinzi mu kazi
Demokarasi mu mashyirahamwe mashya y'abaganga
Amabwiriza y'ubuzima bw'abaturange
Imishinga nk'iyo kugabanya itabi n'y'inkingo

WMA ukora kandi kuri gahunda z'uburezi nka "prison medicine course"(kwigisha abagororwa kubijyanye nimiti), amasomo kubijyanye n'igituntu kigikatu, ethics course on microbial resistance bafatanyije na kaminuza ya George Mason na International Society for Microbial Resistance

Ibyashyizwe ahagaragara

Zimwe munyandiko z'amategeko n'ibyashyizwe ahagaragara n'ishyirahamwe ry'abaganga ku isi WMA (zimwe ziri mu ndimi zitandukanye)^[7] ushobora kuzibona ukanazibika uzikuye ku rubuga website. Murizo harimo:

The World Medical Journal
The WMA Medical Ethics Manual
The World Medical and Health Policy Journal
Caring Physicians of the World
Toolkits
Background Documents

Imibanire izwi

Ishyirahamwe ry'abaganga ku isi riri mu miryango yihuje kuva kumasosiyete y'ubuvuzi n'amashyirahamwe nindi miryango y'ubucuruzi. nubwo byose bitarimo, uru rubuga rutanaga ishusho y'ishyirahamwe rya WMA ndetse n'imikoranire.

Aho Bigishiriza (WMA Cooperating Centers)

Center for Global Health and Medical Diplomacy, University of North Florida on Medical leadership and Medical Diplomacy
Center for the Study of International Medical Policies and Practices - CSIMPP, George-Mason-University, Fairfax, Virginia on Microbial resistance and development of public (health) policy
Institute of Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Tübingen
Institut de droit de la santé, Université de Neuchâtel, Suisse
Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, University of the Wiltwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Abafatanya Bikorwa

Bayer Pharmaceuticals
Eli Lilly and Company
GlaxoSmithKline
Pfizer, Inc.

Imyigishirize

Health Sciences Online HSO
Health InterNetwork (HINARI)

Imiryango Mpuzamahanga

Amnesty International - AI
International Federation of Associations of Pharmaceutical Physicians - IFAPP
International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers & Associations IFPMA
International Hospital Federation - IHF
International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims - IRCT
Physicians for Human Rights - PHR
International Society for Health and Human Rights - ISHHR
World Health Editors’ Network - WHEN
Public Service International - PSI
World Self-Medication Industry - WSMI

Abanyeshuri biga ubuganga

International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations - IFMSA

Umuryango w'abarwayi

International Alliance of Patients’ Organizations - IAPO

Imiryango y'umwuga

World Health Professions Alliance - WHPA
World Dental Federation - FDI
International Pharmaceutical Federation - FIP
International Council of Nurses - ICN
Guidelines International Network - G-I-N
International Confederation of Midwives - ICM
International Council of Medical Scientific Organizations CIOMS
International Federation of Physiotherapists - WCPT
Medical Women’s International Association - MWIA
World Federation for Medical Education - WFME
World Psychiatric Association - WPA
World Veterinary Association - WVA (MOU mutually signed by the WVA and WMA on 12 October 2012)
One Health Initiative
Red Cross/Red Crescent
International Committee of the Red Cross - ICRC
The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies - IFRC

Imiryango y'uturere

African Medical Association - AfMA
Confederation of Medical Associations of Asia and Oceania - CMAAO
Conference of the Central and East European Chambers
European Forum of Medical Associations and EFMA/WHO
Forum of Ibero-American Medical Associations - FIEME
Medical Association of South East Asian Nations - MASEAN
Medical Confederation of Latin-America and the Caribbean - CONFEMEL
Standing Committee of European Physicians - CPME

WMA aft umubkano n'umuryango mpuzamahanga with kubuzima World Health Organization (WHO), n'umuryango mpuzamahanga ubwawo United Nations nets n'udushami two dutandukanye twita k'ubuzima.

IOther examples of relationships are the Joint United Nations Program on HIV / AIDS (UNAIDS), the International Labor Organization (ILO), the International Organization for Migration (IMO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).

Kubindi wareba

Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)
Declaration of Geneva
Declaration of Helsinki
Declaration of Tokyo. Guidelines for Physicians Concerning Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment in Relation to Detention and Imprisonment
International Code of Medical Ethics
Standing Committee of European Doctors
World Health Professions Alliance (WHPA)
World Health Organization (WHO)

Inkomoko

↑ "History". wma.net. 4 May 2017.
↑ "Members' List". wma.net. 4 May 2017.
↑ https://www.wma.net/news-post/wma-general-assembly-6
↑ "About the WMA". wma.net. 4 May 2017.
↑ https://www.wma.net/what-we-do/
↑ "Medical Ethics". wma.net. 4 May 2017.
↑ "Publications". wma.net. 4 May 2017.

Izindi Mbuga

[wma.net-1] "History". wma.net. 4 May 2017.

[2] "Members' List". wma.net. 4 May 2017.

[3] ttps://www.wma.net/news-post/wma-general-assembly-6

[4] "About the WMA". wma.net. 4 May 2017.

[5] ttps://www.wma.net/what-we-do/

[6] "Medical Ethics". wma.net. 4 May 2017.

[7] "Publications". wma.net. 4 May 2017.

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