Robert II o Scotland
| Robert II | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Keeng o Scots | |
| Ring | 22 Februar 1371 – 19 Aprile 1390 |
| Coronation | 26 Mairch 1371 |
| Predecessor | David II |
| Successor | Robert III |
| Earl o Strathearn | |
| Teetle held | 1357 – 1390 |
| Born | 2 Mairch 1316 Paisley Aibey, Renfrewshire |
| Dee'd | 19 Apryle 1390 (aged 74) Dundonal Castle, Ayrshire |
| Buirial | Scuin Aibey |
| Spouse | Elizabeth Mure Euphemia de Ross |
| Issue mair... | Robert III, Keeng o Scots Walter, Laird o Fife Robert, Duke o Albany Alexander, Yerl o Buchan David, Earl o Caithness Walter, Yerl o Atholl Thomas, Bishop o St. Andras |
| Hoose | Hoose o Stewart |
| Faither | Walter Stewart, 6t Heich Stewart o Scotland |
| Mither | Marjorie Bruce |
| Releegion | Roman Catholic |
Robert II (2 Mairch 1316 – 19 Apryle 1390) reigned as King o Scots frae 1371 tae his daith as the first monarch o the Hoose o Stewart. He wis the son o Walter Stewart, 6t Heich Stewart o Scotland an o Marjorie Bruce, dauchter o the Scots king Robert the Bruce bi his first wife Isabella o Mar.
Edward Bruce, younger brither o Robert the Bruce, wis named heir tae the throne but he dee'd withoot legitimate childer on 3 December 1318 in a battle near Dundalk in Ireland. Marjorie bi this time haed dee'd in a ridin accident – probably in 1317. Pairlament decreed her infant son, Robert Stewart, as heir presumptive, but this lapsed on 5 Mairch 1324 on the birth o a son, David, tae King Robert an his seicont wife, Elizabeth de Burgh. Robert Stewart inheritit the teetle o Heich Stewart o Scotland on his faither's daith on 9 Apryle 1326, an a Pairlament held in Julie 1326 confirmed the young Stewart as heir shoud Prince David die withoot a successor. In 1329 King Robert I dee'd an the sax-year-auld David succeedit tae the throne wi Sir Thomas Randolph, Yerl o Moray appyntit Gairdian o Scotland.
Edward Balliol, son o King John Balliol, assistit bi the Inglis an Scots nobles disinheritit bi Robert I, invadit Scotland inflictin hivy defeats on the Bruce pairty on 11 August 1332 at Dupplin Moor an Halidon Hill on 19 Julie 1333. Robert focht at Halidon, whaur his uncle an umwhile guardian, Sir James Stewart, wis killed. Follaein this battle, Robert's launds in the wast war gien bi Balliol tae his supporter David Strathbogie, the teetular Yerl o Atholl. Robert teuk refuge in the fortress o Dumbairton Castle in the Clyde estuary tae jyn his uncle, King David. In Mey 1334 David escaped tae Fraunce leavin Robert an John Randolph, 3rd Yerl o Moray as jynt Gairdians o the kinrick. Robert succeedit in regainin his launds but follaein Randolph's captur bi the Inglis in Julie 1335, his possessions war ance again targetit bi the forces o Balliol an King Edward III o Ingland. This mey hae persuadit Robert tae submit tae Balliol an the Inglis king an mey expleen his remuival as Gairdian bu September 1335. The Gairdianship transferred tae Sir Andrew Murray o Boddle but follaein his daith in 1338 Robert wis re-appyntit an retained the office till King David returned frae Fraunce in Juin 1341. Robert accompanied David intae battle at Neville's Cross on 17 October 1346 but he an Patrick Dunbar, Yerl o March escaped or fled the field an David wis taken preesoner. In October 1357, the king wis ransomed for 100,000 merks tae be paid in installments ower ten years.
Robert mairied Elizabeth Mure aroond 1348, legitimisin his fower sons an five dauchters. His subsequent mairiage tae Euphemia de Ross in 1355 produced twa sons an twa survivin dauchters an providit the basis o a futur dispute regairdin the line o succession. Robert jyned a rebellion against David in 1363 but submittit tae him follaein a threit tae his richt o succession. In 1364, David presentit a proponal tae Pairlament that wad cancel the remeenin ransom debt if it wis agreed that a Plantagenet heir wad inherit the Scots throne shoud he dee withoot issue. This wis rejectit an Robert succeedit tae the throne at the age o 55 follaein David's unexpectit daith in 1371. Ingland still controlled lairge sectors in the Lowdens an in the mairch kintra sae King Robert alloued his soothren yerls tae engage in actions in the Inglis zones tae regain thair territories, hautit tred wi Ingland an renewed treaties wi Fraunce. Bi 1384, the Scots haed re-taken maist o the occupied launds, but follaein the commencement o Anglo-French peace talks, Robert wis reluctant tae commit Scotland tae aw-oot war an obtained Scotland's inclusion in the peace treaty. Robert's peace strategy wis a factor in the virtual coup in 1384 whan he lost control o the kintra, first tae his eldest son, John, Yerl o Carrick, efterwarts King Robert III, an then frae 1388 tae John's younger brither, Robert, Yerl o Fife, efterwarts the first Duke o Albany. Robert II dee'd in Dundonal Castle in 1390 an wis buiried at Scuin Aibey.
