Wikipedia

Salzburg

eponymous capital city of the Austrian federal state of Salzburg

Salzburg (Austrian German: [ˈsaltsbʊɐ̯k]; German: [ˈzaltsbʊɐ̯k] (audio speaker iconlisten);[note 1] literally "Salt Fortress"; Austro-Bavarian: Soizbuag) is the capital and also a district of the Austrian state of Salzburg or Salzburgerland. The population is about 150,000 and is the 4th largest city of Austria.

Salzburg
From top, left to right: view of Hohensalzburg Fortress, University of Salzburg in front of the Salzach, with Nonnberg Abbey in the background, Salzburg Cathedral, Roittner-Durchhaus, Getreidegasse
Flag of Salzburg

Banner of Salzburg
Flag
Coat of arms of Salzburg
Coat of arms
Salzburg is located in Salzburg
Salzburg
Salzburg
Location within Austria
Salzburg is located in Austria
Salzburg
Salzburg
Salzburg (Austria)
Coordinates: 47°48′0″N 13°02′0″E / 47.80000°N 13.03333°E / 47.80000; 13.03333
Country Austria
StateSalzburg
DistrictStatutory city
Government
 • MayorHarald Preuner (ÖVP)
Area
[1]
 • Total65.65 km2 (25.35 sq mi)
Elevation
424 m (1,391 ft)
Population
 (1 October 2020)[2]
 • Total157,245
 • Density2,400/km2 (6,200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
5020
Area code0662
Vehicle registrationS
Websitewww.stadt-salzburg.at
Historic Centre of the City of Salzburg
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CriteriaCultural: ii, iv, vi
Reference784
Inscription1996 (20th Session)
Area236 ha
Buffer zone467 ha

Its most famous citizen was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Another famous inhabitant of Salzburg was the physicist Christian Doppler who found the Doppler effect which was named after him.

The Salzach river crosses the city. The old town was adopted by the UNESCO as World Heritage Site in 1996. Known is Salzburg also for being one of the settings for the movie "The Sound of Music" which based on the musical by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein.

History

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People lived in Salzburg since the New Stone Age till present. The oldest finding in the city area is dated around 4500 B.C. From 15 B.C. onwards after the Roman occupation the city was called Iuvavum. The roman city was in today's old town around the Waagplatz. The city became an important place from the east to the province of Germania. The Romans left on the beginning of the barbarian migration around 500. Up to 696 only little can be said about the history. In 696 the city was given to bishop Rupert by Duke Theodo II. of Bavaria.

Rupert was ordered by the Duke to bring Christianity to the east and southeast of his country. Rupert founded the monastery St. Peter and for women the monastery Nonnberg. 739 Salzburg became the seat of a bishop and 774 the first cathedral was built. 998 Salzburg became archbishopric ruling the whole Bavarian area.

In the Middle Ages Salzburg became wealthy by the trade with salt from the nearby Dürnberg in Hallein. Till the 14th century Salzburg became independent from Bavaria and was a state within the Holy Roman Empire. The citizens of Salzburg were under the command of the archbishop unlike other cities in the empire. In the baroque era the look of today's city was shaped. The cathedral was rebuilt in the baroque style. Most of the architects came from Italy. 1622 a university was founded. Due to the fact that it was a catholic state Protestants had a severe standing in Salzburg. Yet 1731 Protestants, who came not back to the catholic belief had do leave Salzburg within eight days.

In the early 19th century Napoleon Bonaparte promoted the Duchy of Salzburg, than later was a part of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Then, Salzburg was annexed by Austria, returned to Bavarian and divided between Bavaria and Austria. 1918 Salzburg became a federal state of the new Republic of Austria.

In 1938, Germany annexed Austria and Salzburg was a part of Germany. In 1945, when Austria was independent from Germany. It became a federal state again.

Urban districts

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Map of Salzburgs districts

Urban districts (Stadtteile):

  • Aigen
  • Altstadt
  • Elisabeth-Vorstadt
  • Gneis
  • Gneis-Süd
  • Gnigl
  • Itzling
  • Itzling-Nord
  • Kasern
  • Langwied
  • Lehen
  • Leopoldskron-Moos
  • Liefering
  • Maxglan
  • Maxglan-West
  • Morzg
  • Mülln
  • Neustadt
  • Nonntal
  • Parsch
  • Riedenburg
  • Salzburg-Süd
  • Taxham
  • Schallmoos

Mayors of the city since it became part of Austria

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1816 - 1875

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1875 - 1919

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1919 bis 1945

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1945 bis 1999

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Mayor elected directly by the people from 1999 onwards

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Monuments

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Salzburg is a World Heritage. There are some places of interest like:

  • Altstadt (Old City) with
    • Franziskaner church
    • Cathedral
    • Getreidegasse
    • Residenz(here the archbishop had his residence)
    • Residenzplatz with Residenz fountain
    • Kollegienkirche (University church)
    • Festspielhaus
    • Pferdeschwemme
    • St. Peter's cemetery
    • Fortress Hohensalzburg

Other places of interest

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  • Mirabell Palace with Mirabell Garden
  • Augustiner Bräustübl Mülln (beer garden of the Augustiner brewery)
  • Hellbrunn palace
  •  
    St. Peters cemetery
  •  
    Festspielhaus
  •  
    Fortress Hohensalzburg
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    Kollegienkirche
  •  
    Fountain on the Residenzplatz
  •  
    Getreidegasse
  •  
    Mirabell gardens with fortress in the background
  •  
    Schloss Mirabell and gardens

Famous citizens

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Sister cities

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Other websites

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salzburg (Stadt).
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City Tours and Tour operators in Salzburg

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Notes

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  1. ↑ English: /ˈsɔːltsbɜːrɡ/, also UK: /ˈsæltsbɜːrɡ/, US: /ˈsɔːlzbɜːrɡ, ˈsɑːlz-, ˈsælz-, ˈzɑːltsbʊərk/.[3][4][5][6]

References

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  1. ↑ "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  2. ↑ "Salzburg in Zahlen". Archived from the original on June 24, 2020. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  3. ↑ "Salzburg". Oxford Dictionaries UK Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  4. ↑ "Salzburg". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  5. ↑ "Salzburg". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  6. ↑ "Salzburg". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
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