[[Image:Architecture of Spaun.jpeg|thumb|300px|Simplified diagram of ''Spaun'', a 2.5-million-neuron computational model of the brain. '''(A)''' The corresponding physical regions and connections of the human brain. '''(B)''' The mental architecture of Spaun.<ref name="Spaun">{{cite journal|last=Eliasmith|first=Chris|author2=Terrence C. Stewart |author3=Xuan Choo |author4=Trevor Bekolay |author5=Travis DeWolf |author6=Yichuan Tang |author7=Daniel Rasmussen |title=A Large-Scale Model of the Functioning Brain|journal=Science|date=30 November 2012|volume=338|issue=6111|pages=1202–1205|doi=10.1126/science.1225266|pmid=23197532|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/content/338/6111/1202|accessdate=13 May 2013|bibcode=2012Sci...338.1202E}}</ref>]]
[[File:Forest of synthetic pyramidal dendrites grown using Cajal's laws of neuronal branching.png|thumb|[[Computer simulation]] of the branching architecture of the [[dendrite]]s of [[pyramidal neuron]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1371/image.pcbi.v06.i08 | title = PLoS Computational Biology Issue Image | Vol. 6(8) August 2010 | journal = PLoS Computational Biology | volume = 6 | issue = 8 | pages = ev06.ei08 | year = 2010 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref>]] In 1950 [[Alan M. Turing]] published "Computing machinery and intelligence" in ''[[Mind (journal)|Mind]]'', in which he proposed that machines could be tested for intelligence using questions and answers. This process is now named the [[Turing Test]]. The term [[Artificial Intelligence]] (AI) was first used by [[John McCarthy (computer scientist)|John McCarthy]] who considered it to mean "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines".<ref>What is Artificial Intelligence? by John McCarthy [http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/whatisai.html Stanford University]</ref> It can also refer to [[intelligence (trait)|intelligence]] as exhibited by an artificial (''man-made'', ''non-natural'', ''manufactured'') entity. AI is studied in overlapping fields of [[computer science]], [[psychology]], [[neuroscience]] and [[engineering]], dealing with intelligent [[behavior]], [[learn]]ing and [[adaptation]] and usually developed using customized [[machine]]s or [[computer]]s.
