鈾-238:修订间差异
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Hacter Chang(留言 | 贡献) |
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{{Unreferenced|time=2020-05-27T08:36:50+00:00}}
{{noteTA
|G1=核能
|G2=Chemistry
}}
{{Infobox isotope|
| image = Uranium03.jpg
| image_caption = 10克的样品
| alternate_names =
| mass_number = 238
| symbol =U
| num_neutrons = 146
| num_protons = 92
| abundance = 100%
| halflife = 4.468 billion years
| error_halflife =
| decay_product = Thorium-234
| decay_mass = 234
| decay_symbol = Th<!--
| parent = Plutonium-242
| parent_mass = 242
| parent_symbol = Pu
| parent_decay =a
| parent2 =Protactinium-238
| parent2_mass = 238
| parent2_symbol = Pa
| parent2_decay = b- -->
| mass = 238.05078826
| spin = 0
| excess_energy =
| error1 =
| binding_energy =
| error2 =
| decay_mode1 =[[alpha decay]]
| decay_energy1 = 4.267
| decay_mode2 =
| decay_energy2 =
| decay_mode3 =
| decay_energy3 =
| decay_mode4 =
| decay_energy4 =
| CASNo =
| CASNo_ref =
}}
'''鈾-238'''(符号:<sup>238</sup>U)是[[鈾]]在自然界中最常見的[[同位素]],大約占天然鈾的99.284%
與鈾-235不同,鈾-238並非[[易分裂材料|易分裂物質]],被[[快中子]]碰撞後會吸收其能量,使得快中子不能進一連鎖反應。但是鈾-238可以藉由捕捉[[快中子]]並經過兩次[[β衰變]]變成可分裂的{{le|鈽-239|Plutonium-239}}。
== 鈾-238衰變 ==
[[Image:Decay chain(4n+2, Uranium series) zh-hant.svg|thumb|upright|鈾-238衰變為鉛-206過程。]]
U(鈾)-238 —([[α衰變]])—> Th([[釷]])-234 —([[β衰變]])—> Pa([[鏷]])-234 —(β衰變)—> U(鈾)-234 —(α衰變)—> ▼
▲U(鈾)-238 —([[α衰變]])—> Th([[釷]])-234 —([[負β衰變]])—> Pa([[鏷]])-234 —(負β衰變)—> U(鈾)-234 —(α衰變)—>
Th(釷)-230 —(α衰變)—> Ra([[鐳]])-226 —(α衰變)—> Rn([[氡]]) -222 —(α衰變)—> Po([[釙]])-218 —> a. 或 b. <br />
a. —(α衰變)—> Pb([[鉛]])-214 —(負β衰變)—> Bi([[鉍]])-214 —> c. 或 d. <br />
b. —(負β衰變)—> At([[砹]])-218 —(α衰變)—> Bi(鉍)-214 —> c. 或 d. <br />
c. —(α衰變)—> Tl([[鉈]])-210 —(負β衰變)—> Pb(鉛)-210 —> e. 或 f. 或 g. <br />
d. —(負β衰變)—> Po(釙)-214 —(α衰變)—> Pb(鉛
e. —(α衰變)—> Hg([[汞]])-206 —(負β衰變)—> Tl(鉈)-206 —(負β衰變)—> Pb(鉛)-206 [穩定] <br />
f. —(負β衰變)—> Bi(鉍)-210 —(α衰變)—> Tl(鉈)-206 —(負β衰變)—> Pb(鉛)-206 [穩定] <br />
g. —(負β衰變)—> Bi(鉍)-210 —(負β衰變)—> Po(釙)-210 —(
[[Category:鈾的同位素]]
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