五車五:修订间差异
小 移除Short_description |
Cat-a-lot:分类间移动:从Category:汞-錳星到Category:汞錳星 using Cat-a-lot |
||
(未显示4个用户的5个中间版本) | |||
第7行: | 第7行: | ||
|image=Taurus constellation map.svg|alt=|float=center|width=240 |
|image=Taurus constellation map.svg|alt=|float=center|width=240 |
||
|label=|position=right |
|label=|position=right |
||
|mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=10|mark_link= |
|mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=10|mark_link=五車五 |
||
|x=190 |
|x=190|y=196 |
||
|y=161 |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
|caption=五車五的位置(紅圈) |
|caption=五車五的位置(紅圈) |
||
第56行: | 第55行: | ||
== 命名法 == |
== 命名法 == |
||
[[File:TaurusCC.jpg|thumb|金牛座的照片]] |
|||
這顆恆星因為位於金牛座與[[御夫座]]的邊界,所以在[[拜耳命名法]]中曾有兩個名稱:[[#五車五|金牛座β]](拉丁化為Beta Tauri)和[[御夫座γ ]](拉丁化為Gamma Aurigae)。[[托勒密]]認為這顆恆星由[[御夫座]]和[[金牛座]]共用,所以[[約翰·拜耳]]在兩個星座中都為它指定了一個名稱。當現代星座邊界在1930年被確定時,御夫座γ的名稱基本上已不再使用<ref name=ridpath/>。 |
這顆恆星因為位於金牛座與[[御夫座]]的邊界,所以在[[拜耳命名法]]中曾有兩個名稱:[[#五車五|金牛座β]](拉丁化為Beta Tauri)和[[御夫座γ ]](拉丁化為Gamma Aurigae)。[[托勒密]]認為這顆恆星由[[御夫座]]和[[金牛座]]共用,所以[[約翰·拜耳]]在兩個星座中都為它指定了一個名稱。當現代星座邊界在1930年被確定時,御夫座γ的名稱基本上已不再使用<ref name=ridpath/>。 |
||
第81行: | 第81行: | ||
<ref name=janson>{{cite journal|bibcode=2011ApJ...736...89J|arxiv=1105.2577|title=High-contrast Imaging Search for Planets and Brown Dwarfs around the Most Massive Stars in the Solar Neighborhood|journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]]|volume=736|issue=2|pages=89|last1=Janson|first1=Markus|last2=Bonavita|first2=Mariangela|last3=Klahr|first3=Hubert|last4=Lafrenière|first4=David|last5=Jayawardhana|first5=Ray|last6=Zinnecker|first6=Hans|year=2011|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/89|s2cid=119217803}}</ref> |
<ref name=janson>{{cite journal|bibcode=2011ApJ...736...89J|arxiv=1105.2577|title=High-contrast Imaging Search for Planets and Brown Dwarfs around the Most Massive Stars in the Solar Neighborhood|journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]]|volume=736|issue=2|pages=89|last1=Janson|first1=Markus|last2=Bonavita|first2=Mariangela|last3=Klahr|first3=Hubert|last4=Lafrenière|first4=David|last5=Jayawardhana|first5=Ray|last6=Zinnecker|first6=Hans|year=2011|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/89|s2cid=119217803}}</ref> |
||
<ref name=abrams>{{cite web|url=http://www.pa.msu.edu/abrams/SWD/2006/SWD_0609-g.html|publisher=Abrams Planetarium|title=Skywatcher's Diary|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830182148/http://www.pa.msu.edu/abrams/SWD/2006/SWD_0609-g.html|archive-date= |
<ref name=abrams>{{cite web|url=http://www.pa.msu.edu/abrams/SWD/2006/SWD_0609-g.html|publisher=Abrams Planetarium|title=Skywatcher's Diary|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830182148/http://www.pa.msu.edu/abrams/SWD/2006/SWD_0609-g.html|archive-date=2007-08-30}}</ref> |
||
<ref name="Alcyone">{{cite web | url=http://www.alcyone.de/SIT/mainstars/SIT000764.htm | title=Al Nath | publisher=Alcyone Bright Star Catalogue | access-date=2010-03-07 | archive-date=2018-10-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005012544/http://www.alcyone.de/SIT/mainstars/SIT000764.htm | dead-url=no }}</ref> |
<ref name="Alcyone">{{cite web | url=http://www.alcyone.de/SIT/mainstars/SIT000764.htm | title=Al Nath | publisher=Alcyone Bright Star Catalogue | access-date=2010-03-07 | archive-date=2018-10-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005012544/http://www.alcyone.de/SIT/mainstars/SIT000764.htm | dead-url=no }}</ref> |
||
第113行: | 第113行: | ||
<ref name=ducati>{{cite journal|bibcode=2002yCat.2237....0D|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system|journal=[[CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues]]|volume=2237|pages=0|last1=Ducati|first1=J. R.|date=2002}}</ref> |
<ref name=ducati>{{cite journal|bibcode=2002yCat.2237....0D|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system|journal=[[CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues]]|volume=2237|pages=0|last1=Ducati|first1=J. R.|date=2002}}</ref> |
||
<ref name="IAU-CSN">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | title=IAU Catalog of Star Names | access-date= |
<ref name="IAU-CSN">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | title=IAU Catalog of Star Names | access-date=2016-07-28 | archive-date=2018-07-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707180747/http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | dead-url=no }}</ref> |
||
<ref name=ridpath>{{cite web|url=http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/bayer.htm|title=Bayer's Uranometria and Bayer letters|author=Ian Ridpath|author-link=Ian Ridpath|access-date=2017-11-27|archive-date=2019-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315021210/http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/bayer.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
<ref name=ridpath>{{cite web|url=http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/bayer.htm|title=Bayer's Uranometria and Bayer letters|author=Ian Ridpath|author-link=Ian Ridpath|access-date=2017-11-27|archive-date=2019-03-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190315021210/http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/bayer.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
||
<ref name="WGSN">{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) | access-date= |
<ref name="WGSN">{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) | access-date=2016-05-22 | archive-date=2020-04-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423144448/https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | dead-url=no }}</ref> |
||
<ref name="WGSN1">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/WGSN_bulletin1.pdf | title=Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1 | access-date= |
<ref name="WGSN1">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/WGSN_bulletin1.pdf | title=Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1 | access-date=2016-07-28 | archive-date=2018-04-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417140227/http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/WGSN_bulletin1.pdf | dead-url=no }}</ref> |
||
<ref name="ApopPik">{{Cite APOD | title=Deep Auriga | date= |
<ref name="ApopPik">{{Cite APOD | title=Deep Auriga | date=2010-03-05 | access-date=2010-03-07 }}</ref> |
||
<ref name=knyazeva>{{cite journal|bibcode=2000ARep...44..548K|title=The Normal Energy Distributions in Stellar Spectra: Giants and Supergiants|journal=[[Astronomy Reports]]|volume=44|issue=8|pages=548|last1=Knyazeva|first1=L. N|last2=Kharitonov|first2=A. V|year=2000|doi=10.1134/1.1306355|s2cid=120800469}}</ref> |
<ref name=knyazeva>{{cite journal|bibcode=2000ARep...44..548K|title=The Normal Energy Distributions in Stellar Spectra: Giants and Supergiants|journal=[[Astronomy Reports]]|volume=44|issue=8|pages=548|last1=Knyazeva|first1=L. N|last2=Kharitonov|first2=A. V|year=2000|doi=10.1134/1.1306355|s2cid=120800469}}</ref> |
||
第144行: | 第144行: | ||
== 外部連結 == |
== 外部連結 == |
||
* Jim Kaler's Stars: [https://web.archive.org/web/20051123222352/http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~kaler/sow/elnath.html Elnath] |
* Jim Kaler's Stars: [https://web.archive.org/web/20051123222352/http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~kaler/sow/elnath.html Elnath] |
||
* {{APOD |date= |
* {{APOD |date=2010-03-05 |title=Image of Elnath}} |
||
* [http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap100305.html 每日一天文圖:2010年3月5日] {{Wayback|url=http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap100305.html |date=20220311153713 }} |
* [http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap100305.html 每日一天文圖:2010年3月5日] {{Wayback|url=http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap100305.html |date=20220311153713 }} |
||
{{Stars of Taurus}} |
{{Stars of Taurus}} |
||
第156行: | 第156行: | ||
[[Category:御夫座]] |
[[Category:御夫座]] |
||
[[Category:拜耳天體|金牛座, β]] |
[[Category:拜耳天體|金牛座, β]] |
||
[[Category:B |
[[Category:B型巨星]] |
||
[[Category:有固有名的恆星|Elnath]] |
[[Category:有固有名的恆星|Elnath]] |
||
[[Category:佛氏天體|金牛座, 112]] |
[[Category:佛氏天體|金牛座, 112]] |
||
第164行: | 第164行: | ||
[[Category:波恩天體|BD+28 0795]] |
[[Category:波恩天體|BD+28 0795]] |
||
[[Category:五车 (星官)|五车5]] |
[[Category:五车 (星官)|五车5]] |
||
[[Category:汞 |
[[Category:汞錳星]] |
2024年6月25日 (二) 10:53的最新版本
觀測資料 曆元 J2000 | |
---|---|
星座 | 金牛座 |
星官 | |
赤經 | 05h 26m 17.51312s[1] |
赤緯 | 28° 36′ 26.8262″[1] |
視星等(V) | 1.65[2] |
特性 | |
光谱分类 | B7III[3] |
U−B 色指数 | −0.49[2] |
B−V 色指数 | −0.13[2] |
天体测定 | |
徑向速度 (Rv) | 9.2[4] km/s |
自行 (μ) | 赤经:+22.76[1] mas/yr 赤纬:−173.58[1] mas/yr |
视差 (π) | 24.36 ± 0.34[1] mas |
距离 | 134 ± 2 ly (41.1 ± 0.6 pc) |
绝对星等 (MV) | −1.42[5] |
詳細資料 | |
質量 | 5.0 ± 0.1[6] M☉ |
半徑 | 4.2[7] R☉ |
表面重力 (log g) | 3.65[8] |
亮度 | 700[9] L☉ |
溫度 | 13,824 ± 475[7] K |
金属量 [Fe/H] | +0.08[8] dex |
自轉速度 (v sin i) | 59[8] km/s |
年齡 | 100 ± 10[6] Myr |
其他命名 | |
參考資料庫 | |
SIMBAD | 资料 |
五車五 (來自拉丁化的名稱為"βeta Tauri",縮寫為"Beta Tau"或"β Tau"),正式名稱為Elnath[10](發音為/ɛlnæθ/或/ˈɛlnæθ/)[11],為金牛座第二亮星,視星等為1,65等。它距離地球134光年,是一顆化學性質特殊的B7巨星。
命名法
[编辑]這顆恆星因為位於金牛座與御夫座的邊界,所以在拜耳命名法中曾有兩個名稱:金牛座β(拉丁化為Beta Tauri)和御夫座γ (拉丁化為Gamma Aurigae)。托勒密認為這顆恆星由御夫座和金牛座共用,所以約翰·拜耳在兩個星座中都為它指定了一個名稱。當現代星座邊界在1930年被確定時,御夫座γ的名稱基本上已不再使用[12]。
傳統名稱"Elnath",與"El Nath"或"Alnath"不同,它來自阿拉伯語單詞"النطح""an-naţħ",意思是「對接」(即公牛的角)。與許多其他阿拉伯星名一樣,文字"ال"字面上音譯為"el",但在阿拉伯語發音中,它絕大多數被同化為"n",這意味著它被省略了。2016年,國際天文學聯合會組織了IAU恆星名稱工作組(WGSN)[13]對恆星的專有名稱進行編目和標準化。WGSN在2016年7月發佈的第一份公告[14]包括WGSN批准的前兩批名稱的表格;其中確認這顆恆星專屬的名稱為"Elnath"。
在中國,五車(Wǔ Chē)的意思為「五輛戰車」,指由金牛座β、御夫座ι、御夫座α、御夫座β和御夫座θ組成的星官[15]。因此,金牛座β的中國名稱是五車五 (Wǔ Chē Wǔ;英語:Fifth of the Five Chariots。)[16]。
物理特性
[编辑]五車五的絕對星等是-1.34,類似金牛座的另一顆恆星,在疏散星團昴宿星團中的昴宿四。與昴宿四相同,五車五是一顆B型的巨星,光度為太陽的700倍(L☉)[9]。它已經演化成比在主序帶時更大、但溫度更低的巨星 [17]。然而,與昴宿四360年的距離比較,五車五的距離只有130光年,是金牛座第二亮的恆星。
它是一顆汞-錳星,一種化學性質奇特的非磁性恆星,其光譜的特徵顯示一些重元素的量異常的多[8]。相較於太陽,五車五以富含錳,但鈣和鎂的量很少而聞名[9][18]。然而,缺乏強烈的汞特徵,加上矽和鉻的含量特別高,導致一些學者給出了其它分類,包括做為"SrCrEu星"甚至Ap星[19][20]。它的邊緣變暗角直徑測量值為±0.076 mas。在 1.090的距離處,這對應於 41.1 pc±0.34 太陽半徑的線性半徑 4.82[21]
位於銀河系窄平面的南緣在反銀心以西幾度處,五車五β成為許多銀河南側星雲和星團的前景天體,例如M36、M37和M38[22]。它位於黃道以北5.39度,足以被月球遮蔽,但發生的機率並不高。當月球的升交點靠近春分點時,才會發生這種掩星;例如2007年。因為五車五位於月球掩星區的北部邊緣,所以大多數只在南半球可見。當年發生14次,台灣地區僅能見9月4日晚間發生的那一次,南加利福尼亞可以看見8月8日的那一次[23]。
伴星
[编辑]從我們的角度來看,五車五有一顆微弱的恆星在非常接近的角距離上。天文學家在觀測指南上提到這是一對雙星。可見的伴星BD + 28°795B在位置角239度之處,距離僅33.4角秒(")[24][25]。在尋找棕矮星和行星伴星時,已經發現六顆角度更近,甚至更暗淡的恆星 – 這些恆星都被認為是背景天體[26]。
在月球掩星的測量中報告了一個非常接近的同伴:″,但未得到其他觀察者的證實。 0.1徑向速度測量表明,五車五是單線光譜聯星,但沒有關於伴星或軌道的公開資訊[27][21]。
參考資料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Van Leeuwen, F. Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2007, 474 (2): 653–664. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. S2CID 18759600. arXiv:0708.1752 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. Vizier catalog entry (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ducati, J. R. VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system. CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2002, 2237: 0. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
- ^ Garrison, R. F; Gray, R. O. The late B-type stars: Refined MK classification, confrontation with stromgren photometry, and the effects of rotation. The Astronomical Journal. 1994, 107: 1556. Bibcode:1994AJ....107.1556G. doi:10.1086/116967.
- ^ Evans, D. S. The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities. Determination of Radial Velocities and Their Applications. 1967, 30: 57. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E.
- ^ Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation. Astronomy Letters. 2012, 38 (5): 331. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. S2CID 119257644. arXiv:1108.4971 . doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Janson, Markus; et al. High-contrast Imaging Search for Planets and Brown Dwarfs around the Most Massive Stars in the Solar Neighborhood. The Astrophysical Journal. August 2011, 736 (2): 89. Bibcode:2011ApJ...736...89J. S2CID 119217803. arXiv:1105.2577 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/89.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Underhill, A. B.; et al. Effective temperatures, angular diameters, distances and linear radii for 160 O and B stars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. November 1979, 189 (3): 601–605. Bibcode:1979MNRAS.189..601U. doi:10.1093/mnras/189.3.601 .
- ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Ghazaryan, S; Alecian, G. Statistical analysis from recent abundance determinations in HgMn stars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2016, 460 (2): 1912. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460.1912G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw911 .
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Kaler, James B. ELNATH (Beta Tauri). University of Illinois. [2010-03-07]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-29).
- ^ IAU Catalog of Star Names. [2016-07-28]. (原始内容存档于2018-07-07).
- ^ Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim. A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations 2nd rev. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Pub. 2006. ISBN 978-1-931559-44-7.
- ^ Ian Ridpath. Bayer's Uranometria and Bayer letters. [2017-11-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-15).
- ^ IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN). [2016-05-22]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-23).
- ^ Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1 (PDF). [2016-07-28]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-04-17).
- ^ (中文) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
- ^ (中文) 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 互联网档案馆的存檔,存档日期2011-01-30., Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
- ^ Knyazeva, L. N; Kharitonov, A. V. The Normal Energy Distributions in Stellar Spectra: Giants and Supergiants. Astronomy Reports. 2000, 44 (8): 548. Bibcode:2000ARep...44..548K. S2CID 120800469. doi:10.1134/1.1306355.
- ^ Heacox, W. D. Chemical abundances in Hg-Mn stars. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 1979, 41: 675. Bibcode:1979ApJS...41..675H. doi:10.1086/190637.
- ^ Chen, P. S; Liu, J. Y; Shan, H. G. A New Photometric Study of Ap and Am Stars in the Infrared. The Astronomical Journal. 2017, 153 (5): 218. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..218C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa679a .
- ^ Bychkov, V. D; Bychkova, L. V; Madej, J. Catalogue of averaged stellar effective magnetic fields - II. Re-discussion of chemically peculiar a and B stars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2009, 394 (3): 1338. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.394.1338B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14227.x.
- ^ 21.0 21.1 Gordon, Kathryn D.; Gies, Douglas R.; Schaefer, Gail H.; Huber, Daniel; Ireland, Michael. Angular Sizes, Radii, and Effective Temperatures of B-type Stars from Optical Interferometry with the CHARA Array. The Astrophysical Journal. 2019, 873 (1): 91. Bibcode:2019ApJ...873...91G. S2CID 125181833. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab04b2.
- ^ Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J. (编). Deep Auriga. Astronomy Picture of the Day. NASA. 2010-03-05 [2010-03-07].
- ^ Skywatcher's Diary. Abrams Planetarium. (原始内容存档于2007-08-30).
- ^ CCDM (Catalog of Components of Double & Multiple stars (Dommanget+ 2002). VizieR. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. [2010-03-07]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-18).
- ^ Al Nath. Alcyone Bright Star Catalogue. [2010-03-07]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-05).
- ^ Janson, Markus; Bonavita, Mariangela; Klahr, Hubert; Lafrenière, David; Jayawardhana, Ray; Zinnecker, Hans. High-contrast Imaging Search for Planets and Brown Dwarfs around the Most Massive Stars in the Solar Neighborhood. The Astrophysical Journal. 2011, 736 (2): 89. Bibcode:2011ApJ...736...89J. S2CID 119217803. arXiv:1105.2577 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/736/2/89.
- ^ Adelman, S. J.; Caliskan, H.; Gulliver, A. F.; Teker, A. Elemental abundance analyses with DAO spectrograms. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2006, 447 (2): 685–690. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053581 .
外部連結
[编辑]- Jim Kaler's Stars: Elnath
- NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Image of Elnath (2010-03-05)
- 每日一天文圖:2010年3月5日 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
|