Marbal

Marbal (Indonesia;Sepak bola ) ima dangka Olahraga na mampargunaon bal na biasona ibaen ngon bahan ulit dot imainkon dua tim na masing-masing maranggotaon 11 (sabolas) alak pamain inti dot sadebana pamain cadangan. Mamasuki abad napa-21, olahraga on madung imainkon lobi ngon 250 juta alak i 200 negara, na mambaen olahraga na lumobi populer i dunia.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] Marbal martujuan tu mambaen gol sabahat-bahatna dohot manggunaon bal tu gawang laon. Marbal imainkon i lapangan tarbuka na marbontuk parsogi panjang, i ginjang duhut sanga Duhut sintetis.

Sacara umum, umna panjago gawang sajo maia natola mangonai bal dohot tangan i bagasan daerah gawangna, sadangkan 10 (sapulu) pamain lainna iizinkon manggunaon sude sibukna salain tangan, biasona dohot pat manyipak, indora ambaen mangontrol, dot ulu ambaen mangkop bal. Tim na mambaen gol na bahatna i ujung partandingan manjadi namonang. Molo sampe waktu abis les na imbang, oni dapot ibaen undian, parpanjangan waktu sanga adu penalti, targantung tu format panitia kejuaraan. Ngon sada partandingan resmi, 3 poin ilehen tu tim namonang, 0 poin tu tim na kalah dot masing-masing 1 poin tu dua tim na marmain imbang.^[5] Bope songoni, namonang isada partandingan marbal dapot ibotalkon sawaktu-waktu molo adong skandal dot tindakan kriminal na tarbukti i pudi ni hari. Sada laga marbal dapot imonangkon sacara langsung tu sada tim dohot 3-0 muda tim laon sangajo mangundurkon diri ngon partandingan (Walk Out).

Paraturan partandingan sacara umum iparbaharui satiop tahonna sian induk organisasi marbal internasional (FIFA), na juo manyelenggaraon Piala Dunia setiop opat taon sakali.^[6]

Sumberna

↑ "Overview of Soccer". Encyclopædia Britannica. isise 4 June 2008.
↑ Guttman, Allen (1993). "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism". I Eric Dunning, Joseph A. Maguire, Robert E. Pearton. The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 129. ISBN 0-88011-624-2. isise 26 January 2008. the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport
↑ Dunning, Eric (1999). "The development of soccer as a world game". Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 0-415-06413-9. isise 26 January 2008. During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport
↑ Mueller, Robert; Cantu; Van Camp, Steven (1996). "Team Sports". Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 57. ISBN 0-87322-674-7. isise 26 January 2008. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and is an industry worth over US$400 billion world wide. 80% of this is generated in Europe, though its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels More than one of |first1= and |first= specified (help)
↑ Sports-information.org Soccer. Diakses pada 9 Agustus 2011.
↑ "2002 FIFA World Cup TV Coverage". FIFA. 5 December 2006. Iarsipkon tingon aslina on 30 December 2006. isise 6 January 2008.

[EB-1] "Overview of Soccer". Encyclopædia Britannica. isise 4 June 2008.

[2] Guttman, Allen (1993). "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism". I Eric Dunning, Joseph A. Maguire, Robert E. Pearton. The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 129. ISBN 0-88011-624-2. isise 26 January 2008. the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport

[3] Dunning, Eric (1999). "The development of soccer as a world game". Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 0-415-06413-9. isise 26 January 2008. During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport

[4] Mueller, Robert; Cantu; Van Camp, Steven (1996). "Team Sports". Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 57. ISBN 0-87322-674-7. isise 26 January 2008. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and is an industry worth over US$400 billion world wide. 80% of this is generated in Europe, though its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels More than one of |first1= and |first= specified (help)

[in-5] Sports-information.org Soccer. Diakses pada 9 Agustus 2011.

[6] "2002 FIFA World Cup TV Coverage". FIFA. 5 December 2006. Iarsipkon tingon aslina on 30 December 2006. isise 6 January 2008.

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