The Ulkayak (Kazakh: Өлкейек; Russian: улькаяк) is a river in Kazakhstan. It has a length of 349 kilometres (217 mi) and a catchment area of 13,300 square kilometres (5,100 sq mi).[1]
| Ulkayak Өлкейек / улькаяк | |
|---|---|
 Sentinel-2 image with the lower Ulkayak and lake Kyzylkol in the upper left | |
  Mouth location in Kazakhstan | |
| Location | |
| Countries | Kazakhstan |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Confluence of Zhantai and Tolybai rivers |
| • coordinates | 50°31′18″N 62°18′56″E / 50.52167°N 62.31556°E |
| Mouth | Kyzylkol |
• coordinates | 48°54′41″N 62°00′26″E / 48.91139°N 62.00722°E |
• elevation | 77 metres (253 ft) |
| Length | 349 km (217 mi) |
| Basin size | 13,300 km2 (5,100 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • average | 1.6 m3/s (57 cu ft/s) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Kyzylkol → Ayrkol → Turgay |
It is one of the rivers of the southern part of the Turgay Depression, belonging to the Irgyz -Turgay ecoregion.[2] It flows across the Zhangeldi District of the Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan.[3] There are historical Kazakh sites in the valley of the Ulkayak.[4][5]
Course
editThe Ulkayak is formed at the confluence of rivers Zhantai (Жантай) and Tolybai (Толыбай). The river flows first southwestwards across steppe territory within a flat valley. It cuts across some gorges along its course, the longest of which is 9.8 km (6.1 mi). Towards its last stretch its valley widens and the river meanders heading roughly southwards. Finally it flows into the Kyzylkol, a salt lake which is connected with the Turgay through a system of lakes linked by channels. The water of the river is fresh, but it turns brackish in the summer, when the river dries in stretches and its flow almost stops.[6]
Tributaries
editThe 144 km (89 mi) long Kabyrga and the 48 km (30 mi) long Karabutak are the main tributaries of the Ulkayak. The river freezes yearly between early November and late March. Its main food is snow.[6][1]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Kazakhstan National Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. B.O. Jakyp. — Almaty: « Kazakh encyclopedia» ZhSS, 2011. ISBN 9965-893-64-0(T.Z.), ISBN 9965-893-19-5
- ^ Irgyz - Turgai — Freshwater Ecoregions of the World
- ^ Google Earth
- ^ Excursion bus tours in Kazakhstan - silkadv.com
- ^ Экспедиция на Улькаяк © e-history.kz
- ^ a b "M-41 Topographic Chart (in Russian)". Retrieved 23 August 2022.
