The Kerala Legislative Assembly election of 1965 was held to elect members to the third Niyamasabha. Communist Party of India (Marxist), which was the splinter faction of Communist Party of India, emerged as the largest party in the assembly with 40 seats, followed by Indian National Congress with 36. However no single party could form a ministry commanding majority and hence this election is considered abortive. On March 25, President's rule was invoked for the fourth time.[3][4]
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 133 seats in the Kerala Legislative Assembly 67 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnout | 75.12% ( 10.60) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.jpg)
Background
editBoth the Indian National Congress and the Communist Party of India went through big changes during the period that preceded the elections in 1965. Congress was split and a new state party Kerala Congress was formed.
Communist Party of India also went through a split during this time, forming CPI(M).
Constituencies
editThere were 133 constituencies in total, out of which 120 were General Category, 11 Scheduled Castes, and 2 Scheduled Tribe seats.
Political parties
editThree national parties - Indian National Congress, Communist Party of India and Communist Party of India (Marxist) and three state level parties Kerala Congress, Indian Union Muslim League and Samyukta Socialist Party took part in the elections.
Results
edit| Political Party | Flag | Seats Contested |
Won | Net Change in seats |
% of Seats |
Votes | Vote % | Change in vote % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian National Congress | 
|
133 | 36 | 27 |
27.07 | 2,123,660 | 33.55 | 0.87
| |
| Communist Party of India | 
|
79 | 3 | 28 |
2.26 | 525,456 | 8.3 | 30.84
| |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 
|
73 | 40 | New | 30.08 | 1,257,869 | 19.87 | New | |
| Kerala Congress | 54 | 23 | New | 17.29 | 796,291 | 12.58 | New | ||
| IUML | 16 | 6 | 4.51 | 242,529 | 3.83 | ||||
| Samyukta Socialist Party | 29 | 13 | New | 9.77 | 514,689 | 8.13 | New | ||
| Independent | 174 | 12 |  7 |
9.02 | 869,843 | 13.74 | N/A | ||
| Total Seats | 133 ( 0) |
Voters | 6,330,337 | ||||||
By Constituency
edit| A. C. NO. | Assembly Constituency Name | Category | Winner Candidates Name | Gender | Party | Vote | Runner-up Candidates Name | Gender | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Manjeshwar | GEN | Mahabala Bhandary | M | INC | 20983 | M. Ramanna Rai | M | CPI(M) | 15139 |
| 2 | Kasaragod | GEN | E. Abdul Kader | M | IND | 21923 | K.A. Shetty | M | INC | 19784 |
| 3 | Hosdurg | GEN | N.K. Balakrishnan | M | SSP | 30558 | M.Kunhikannan Nambiar | M | INC | 17116 |
| 4 | Nileswar | GEN | V.V. Kunhamboo | M | CPI(M) | 30547 | K.V. Kunhambu | M | INC | 14175 |
| 5 | Edakkad | GEN | C. Kannan | M | CPI(M) | 30716 | P.P. Lakshmanan | M | INC | 23072 |
| 6 | Cannanore | GEN | K.M. Aboobacker | M | IND | 31448 | P. Madhavan | M | INC | 24522 |
| 7 | Madayi | GEN | K.P.R. Gopalan | M | CPI(M) | 26784 | P. Gopalan | M | INC | 15034 |
| 8 | Payyannur | GEN | A.V. Kunhambu | M | CPI(M) | 29537 | V.K. Kunhikrishnan Nair | M | INC | 17062 |
| 9 | Taliparamba | GEN | K.P. Raghava Poduval | M | CPI(M) | 29430 | N.C. Varghese | M | INC | 22638 |
| 10 | Irikkur | GEN | E.P. Krishnan Nambiar | M | CPI(M) | 27284 | A. Narayanana Nambissan | M | INC | 17033 |
| 11 | Kuthuparamba | GEN | K.K. Abu | M | SSP | 26498 | M.P. Moidu Hajee | M | INC | 20416 |
| 12 | Tellicherry | GEN | P. Gopalan | M | CPI(M) | 27981 | P. Nanu | M | INC | 19766 |
| 13 | Peringalam | GEN | P. Ramunni Kurup | M | SSP | 34580 | N. Madusudhanan Nambiar | M | INC | 19797 |
| 14 | North Wynad | (ST) | K.K. Annan | M | IND | 18078 | M.V. Rajan | M | INC | 10461 |
| 15 | Badagara | GEN | M. Krishnan | M | SSP | 35197 | T. Krishnan | M | INC | 13262 |
| 16 | Nadapuram | GEN | C.H. Kanaran | M | CPI(M) | 26224 | K.P. Padmanabhan | M | INC | 14582 |
| 17 | Meppayur | GEN | M.K Kelu | M | CPI(M) | 23998 | K. Gopalan | M | INC | 15555 |
| 18 | Quilandy | GEN | K. B. Menon | M | SSP | 33910 | E. Rajagopalan Nair | M | INC | 24903 |
| 19 | Perambra | GEN | V.V. Dakshina Mootrhy Variar | M | CPI(M) | 25065 | K.T. Kunhiraman Nayar | M | INC | 16205 |
| 20 | Balusseri | GEN | A.K. Appu | M | SSP | 29593 | O.K. Govindan | M | INC | 23407 |
| 21 | Kunnamangalam | GEN | V. Kuttikrishnan Nair | M | SSP | 30360 | P.K. Imbichi Ahammed Haji | M | INC | 13178 |
| 22 | Kalpetta | GEN | B. Wellingdon | M | IND | 17549 | Joseph Pulikkanael | M | IND | 11187 |
| 23 | South Wynad | (ST) | M. Ramunni | M | SSP | 20256 | Nochamvayal Veliya Moopan | M | INC | 15076 |
| 24 | Calicut- I | GEN | P.C. Raghavan Nair | M | CPI(M) | 27671 | M. Kamalam | F | INC | 25125 |
| 25 | Calicut- II | GEN | P.M. Aboobacker | M | IND | 30025 | K.P. Ramunnimenon | M | INC | 21121 |
| 26 | Beypore | GEN | K. Chatunny | M | CPI(M) | 25342 | O.T. Saradakrishnan | F | INC | 14958 |
| 27 | Tirurangadi | GEN | K. Avukaderkutty Naha | M | ML | 20836 | T.P. Kunhalankutty | M | INC | 19594 |
| 28 | Tanur | GEN | C. Muhamed Kutty | M | ML | 25351 | K. Kunhimohammed | M | INC | 12338 |
| 29 | Tirur | GEN | K. Moideenkutty Haji | M | ML | 18366 | M. Padmanabhan Nair | M | INC | 14696 |
| 30 | Kuttippuram | GEN | Mohisin Bin Ahamed | M | ML | 17878 | T.R. Kunhikrishnan | M | CPI(M) | 12402 |
| 31 | Kondotty | GEN | M. Moideenkutty Haji | M | ML | 24757 | M. Usman | M | INC | 15174 |
| 32 | Malappuram | GEN | M.P.M. Ahmed Kurikkal | M | ML | 25251 | P. Ahamed Kutty | M | CPI(M) | 12745 |
| 33 | Manjeri | (SC) | U. Uthaman | M | IND | 20060 | V. Eacharan | M | INC | 13124 |
| 34 | Nilambur | GEN | K. Kunhali | M | CPI(M) | 17914 | A. Mohamed | M | INC | 10753 |
| 35 | Ponnani | GEN | K.G. Karunakaramenon | M | INC | 15881 | V.P.C. Thangal | M | ML | 14609 |
| 36 | Thrithala | (SC) | E.T. Kunhan | M | CPI(M) | 21815 | K. Kunhambu | M | INC | 15806 |
| 37 | Pattambi | GEN | E.M. Sankaran Namboodiripad | M | CPI(M) | 19992 | K.P. Thangal | M | CPI | 12213 |
| 38 | Ottapalam | GEN | P.P. Krishnan | M | CPI(M) | 20802 | K. Sankaranarayanana | M | INC | 12560 |
| 39 | Sreekrishnapuram | GEN | C. Govinda Panicker | M | CPI(M) | 16571 | M. Narayana Kurup | M | INC | 9663 |
| 40 | Mankada | GEN | P. Muhammedkutty | M | CPI(M) | 17875 | K.K. Sayed Ussan Koya | M | ML | 16582 |
| 41 | Perinthalmanna | GEN | C. Koya | M | CPI(M) | 17426 | K. Hassan Gani | M | ML | 12388 |
| 42 | Mannarghat | GEN | P.A. Sankaran | M | CPI(M) | 16099 | A.Chandran Nair | M | INC | 7503 |
| 43 | Palghat | GEN | M.V. Vasu | M | CPI(M) | 17747 | K. Pyarijan Sunna Sahib | M | INC | 13260 |
| 44 | Malampuzha | GEN | M.P. Kunhiraman | M | CPI(M) | 27835 | C.V. Ramachandran | M | INC | 13484 |
| 45 | Chittur | GEN | K. A. Sivarama Bharathy | M | SSP | 24630 | Leela Damodara Menon | F | INC | 17100 |
| 46 | Kollengode | GEN | C. Vasudeva Menon | M | CPI(M) | 22749 | P. N. Krishnan | M | INC | 13274 |
| 47 | Alathur | GEN | R. Krishnan | M | CPI(M) | 26328 | A. Narayanan | M | INC | 12472 |
| 48 | Kuzhalmannam | (SC) | O. Koran | M | SSP | 23477 | K. Eacharan | M | INC | 12021 |
| 49 | Chelakara | (SC) | K. K. Balakrishnan | M | INC | 17283 | C. K. Chakrapani | M | CPI(M) | 17177 |
| 50 | Wadakkanchery | GEN | N. K. Seshan | M | SSP | 22352 | V. K. Achutha Menon | M | INC | 19045 |
| 51 | Kunnamkulam | GEN | T. K. Krishnan | M | CPI(M) | 26448 | M. K. Raja | M | INC | 25354 |
| 52 | Manalur | GEN | I. M. Velayudhan | M | INC | 23009 | B. Wellington | M | IND | 15310 |
| 53 | Trichur | GEN | T. P. Seetharaman | M | INC | 22777 | C. L. Varkey | M | CPI(M) | 18572 |
| 54 | Ollur | GEN | A. V. Aryan | M | CPI(M) | 20180 | P. R. Francis | M | INC | 19475 |
| 55 | Irinjalakuda | GEN | K. T. Achuthan | M | INC | 19302 | P. Appukutta Menon | M | IND | 13143 |
| 56 | Kodakara | GEN | P. S. Namboodiri | M | CPI | 18755 | C. G. Janardhanan | M | INC | 16393 |
| 57 | Chalakudi | GEN | P. P. George | M | INC | 18873 | B. C. Varughese | M | IND | 14165 |
| 58 | Mala | GEN | K. Karunakaran | M | INC | 18044 | K. A. Thomas | M | CPI | 13282 |
| 59 | Guruvayoor | GEN | P. K. Abdul Majeed | M | IND | 20322 | M. V. Aboobacker | M | INC | 19831 |
| 60 | Nattika | GEN | Ramu | M | IND | 27704 | V. K. Kumaran | M | INC | 24418 |
| 61 | Cranganore | GEN | K. C. M. Mather | M | INC | 25330 | Gopalakrishna Menon | M | CPI | 13847 |
| 62 | Ankamali | GEN | John | M | KC | 19828 | Geervacis | M | INC | 13840 |
| 63 | Vadakkekara | GEN | Abdul Jaleel | M | IND | 25288 | K. R. Vijayan | M | INC | 22935 |
| 64 | Parur | GEN | K. T. George | M | INC | 24678 | K. G. Raman Menon | M | SSP | 14402 |
| 65 | Narakkal | GEN | K. C. Abraham | M | INC | 24713 | A. S. Purushothaman | M | CPI(M) | 17141 |
| 66 | Mattancherry | GEN | M. P. Muhamed Jaferkhan | M | IND | 24933 | K. K. Vishwanathan | M | INC | 15951 |
| 67 | Palluruthy | GEN | P. Gangadharan | M | CPI(M) | 22717 | A. L. Jacob | M | INC | 19151 |
| 68 | Thrippunithura | GEN | T. K. Ramakrishnan | M | CPI(M) | 24387 | Paul | M | INC | 22016 |
| 69 | Ernakulam | GEN | P. J. Alexander | M | INC | 20853 | T. A. Mohammed Kunju | M | IND | 9999 |
| 70 | Alwaye | GEN | V. P. Marakkar | M | INC | 22659 | P. K. Kunju | M | SSP | 21556 |
| 71 | Perumbavoor | GEN | P. Govinda Pillai | M | CPI(M) | 21265 | C. P. Poulose | M | KC | 12874 |
| 72 | Kunnathunad | (SC) | K. K. Madhavan | M | INC | 22635 | M, K. Krishnan | M | CPI(M) | 20834 |
| 73 | Kothamangalam | GEN | K. M. George | M | KC | 18744 | N. P. Varghese | M | INC | 18198 |
| 74 | Muvattupuzha | GEN | A. T. Pathrose | M | KC | 18929 | E. P. Poulose | M | INC | 14659 |
| 75 | Thodupuzha | GEN | C. A. Mathew | M | KC | 18937 | Zacharia Chacko | M | IND | 14844 |
| 76 | Karimannoor | GEN | Chacko Kuriakose | M | KC | 15897 | M. M. Thomas | M | IND | 11650 |
| 77 | Devicolam | (SC) | G. Varathan | M | CPI(M) | 16472 | T. Murukesan | M | INC | 15483 |
| 78 | Udumbanchola | GEN | K. T. Jacob | M | CPI | 17374 | M. Mathachan | M | KC | 15627 |
| 79 | Permade | (SC) | K. I. Rajan | M | CPI(M) | 12345 | N. Ganapathy | M | INC | 8835 |
| 80 | Kanjirappally | GEN | Kurian Varkey | M | KC | 18206 | Mustafa Kamal | M | INC | 17468 |
| 81 | Vazhoor | GEN | K. Narayana Kurup | M | KC | 20629 | N. Govinda Menon | M | INC | 9611 |
| 82 | Changanacherry | GEN | K. J. Chacko | M | KC | 21134 | K. G. Neelakantan Nambudiripad | M | CPI | 16893 |
| 83 | Puthuppally | GEN | E. M. George | M | CPI(M) | 15571 | Thomas Rajan | M | INC | 13736 |
| 84 | Kottayam | GEN | M. K. George | M | CPI(M) | 17880 | M. P. Govindan Nair | M | INC | 14396 |
| 85 | Ettumanoor | GEN | M. M. Joseph | M | KC | 23400 | Mustafa Khani Rawther | M | INC | 15178 |
| 86 | Akalakunnam | GEN | J. A. Chacko | M | KC | 22913 | Vasudevan Kartha | M | IND | 13755 |
| 87 | Poonjar | GEN | P. D. Thommen | M | IND | 21975 | V. I. Purushothaman | M | IND | 14926 |
| 88 | Palai | GEN | K. M. Mani | M | KC | 25833 | V. T. Thomas | M | IND | 16248 |
| 89 | Kaduthuruthy | GEN | Joseph Chazhikattu | M | KC | 26597 | M. C. Abraham | M | INC | 12344 |
| 90 | Vaikom | GEN | P. Parameswaran | M | INC | 15255 | K. N. Narayanan Nair | M | KC | 15167 |
| 91 | Aroor | GEN | K. R. Gouri Thomas | F | CPI(M) | 19426 | Devaki Krishnan | F | INC | 14843 |
| 92 | Sherthala | GEN | C. V. Jacob | M | KC | 15070 | P. S. Karthikeyan | M | INC | 13192 |
| 93 | Mararikulam | GEN | Suseela Gopalan | F | CPI(M) | 22424 | P. Karunakara Thandar | M | INC | 16707 |
| 94 | Alleppey | GEN | G. Chidambara Iyer | M | INC | 13997 | T. V. Thomas | M | CPI | 12693 |
| 95 | Ambalapuzha | GEN | K. S. Krishna Kurup | M | INC | 16657 | V. S. Atchuthanandan | M | CPI(M) | 14330 |
| 96 | Kuttanad | GEN | Thomas John | M | KC | 25319 | V. Z. Job | M | INC | 15067 |
| 97 | Haripad | GEN | K. P. Ramakrishnan Nair | M | INC | 23644 | C. B. Chandrasekhara Warrier | M | CPI(M) | 17178 |
| 98 | Kayamkulam | GEN | Sukumaran | M | CPI(M) | 17522 | Prabhakaran | M | INC | 17179 |
| 99 | Thiruvalla | GEN | E. J. Jacob | M | KC | 27809 | K. Kurian Joseph | M | INC | 12899 |
| 100 | Kallooppara | GEN | George Thomas | M | KC | 25422 | K. R. Keshava Pillai | M | CPI(M) | 9774 |
| 101 | Aranmula | GEN | N. Bhaskaran Nair | M | KC | 22000 | K. Velayudhan Nair | M | INC | 17031 |
| 102 | Chengannur | GEN | K. R. Saraswathi Amma | F | KC | 26248 | N. S. Krishna Pillai | M | INC | 12135 |
| 103 | Mavelikara | GEN | K. K. Chellappan Pillai | M | INC | 19391 | G. Gopinatha Pillai | M | SSP | 14058 |
| 104 | Pandalam | (SC) | P. K. Kunjachan | M | CPI(M) | 20241 | T. Kandankaly | M | INC | 15091 |
| 105 | Ranni | GEN | E. M. Thomas | M | KC | 21707 | M. Sanny | M | INC | 14005 |
| 106 | Pathanamthitta | GEN | V. I. Idiculla | M | KC | 24574 | K. Karunakaran Nair | M | IND | 19222 |
| 107 | Konni | GEN | P. J. Thomas | M | INC | 17064 | K. M. George | M | KC | 14972 |
| 108 | Pathanapuram | (SC) | P. C. Adichan | M | CPI | 13948 | P. K. Ramachandra Das | M | INC | 13172 |
| 109 | Punalur | GEN | C. M. Stephen | M | INC | 14599 | K. Krishna Pillai | M | CPI | 13787 |
| 110 | Chadayamangalam | GEN | D. Damodaran Potty | M | SSP | 16291 | N. Bhaskaran Pillai | M | INC | 16269 |
| 111 | Kottarakkara | GEN | R. Balakrishna Pillai | M | KC | 27534 | E. Chandrasekharan Nair | M | CPI | 19395 |
| 112 | Kunnathur | (SC) | T. Krishnan | M | KC | 15734 | T. Kesavan | M | CPI | 12297 |
| 113 | Adoor | GEN | K. K. Gopalan Nair | M | KC | 17651 | P. Ramalinga Ayyar | M | CPI | 15287 |
| 114 | Krishnapuram | GEN | M. K. Hemachandran | M | INC | 19842 | Unnikrishna Pillai | M | CPI | 16229 |
| 115 | Karunagappally | GEN | Kunjukrishnan | M | INC | 19762 | Bhasi | M | IND | 17468 |
| 116 | Quilon | GEN | Henry Austin | M | INC | 13749 | T. K. Divakaran | M | IND | 13499 |
| 117 | Kundara | GEN | Sankara Narayana Pillai | M | INC | 20166 | Chitharanjan | M | CPI | 14126 |
| 118 | Eravipuram | GEN | Abdul Rahim | M | INC | 19114 | Sankaran Unni | M | IND | 18458 |
| 119 | Chathannoor | GEN | Thankanppan Pillai | M | IND | 17462 | P. Ravindran | M | CPI | 16694 |
| 120 | Varkala | GEN | K. Shahul Hameed | M | INC | 21092 | V. Radhakrishnan | M | CPI(M) | 12381 |
| 121 | Attingal | GEN | K. Anirudhan | M | CPI(M) | 25598 | R .Sankar | M | INC | 23515 |
| 122 | Kilimanoor | (SC) | C. K. Balakrishnan | M | CPI(M) | 17911 | K. Sivadasan | M | INC | 17567 |
| 123 | Vamanapuram | GEN | M.Kunjukrishna Pillai | M | INC | 18017 | Vasudevan Pillai | M | CPI(M) | 16968 |
| 124 | Aryanad | GEN | V. Sankaran | M | INC | 11187 | M. Abdul Majeed | M | SSP | 9890 |
| 125 | Nedumangad | GEN | S. Varadarajan Nair | M | INC | 21674 | Neelakantaru Pandarathil | M | CPI | 9625 |
| 126 | Kazhakuttam | GEN | N. Lakshmanan | M | INC | 17379 | K. P. Alikunju | M | CPI(M) | 14011 |
| 127 | Trivandrum I | GEN | B. Madhavan Nair | M | SSP | 14865 | M. N. Gopinathan Nair | M | INC | 14638 |
| 128 | Trivandrum I I | GEN | Wilfred Sebastian | M | INC | 18129 | E. P. Eapen | M | SSP | 14286 |
| 129 | Nemom | GEN | M. Sadasivan | M | CPI(M) | 17756 | P. Narayan Nair | M | INC | 15043 |
| 130 | Kovalam | GEN | M. Kunjukrishnan Nadar | M | INC | 19896 | Camalias Moraes | M | KC | 8972 |
| 131 | Vilappil | GEN | M. Bhaskarannair | M | INC | 21850 | G. Krishnan Nair | M | SSP | 15653 |
| 132 | Neyyattinkara | GEN | G. Chandrasekhara Pillai | M | INC | 18003 | Sathyanesan | M | CPI(M) | 15177 |
| 133 | Parassala | GEN | N. Gamaliel | M | INC | 25949 | S. Sukumaran Nair | M | SSP | 12246 |
Government formation
editNo party or group was able to form a government due to the fractured nature of results. The result was the dissolution of the assembly again, and the state was again under President's Rule.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Kanam continues to trivialise Mani group, reminds Kodiyeri of the other side of 1965 history". onmanorama.com. 5 July 2020.
- ^ "സി.പി.എം + ലീഗ് + സി.പി.ഐ; ചരിത്രം മറന്നത് കാനമോ പിണറായിയോ? | Madhyamam". 10 July 2020.
- ^ "History of Kerala Legislature". Kerala Government. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
- ^ "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1965 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF KERALA" (PDF). www.ceo.kerala.gov.in. ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA NEW DELHI.
- ^ "Statistical Report on General Election, 1960 : To the Legislative Assembly of Kerala" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- ^ Thomas Johnson Nossiter (1 January 1982). Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation. University of California Press. p. 128. ISBN 978-0-520-04667-2.
- ^ "Kerala Assembly Election Results in 1965". www.elections.in. Retrieved 6 September 2020.