Georg Arthur Jensen (31 August 1866 in Rådvad – 2 October 1935 in Copenhagen) was a Danish silversmith and founder of Georg Jensen A/S (also known as Georg Jensen Sølvsmedie).[1]
Georg Jensen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Georg Arthur Jensen 31 August 1866 Rådvad, Denmark |
| Died | 2 October 1935 (aged 69) Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Resting place | Hellerup Cemetery |
| Education | Sculpting |
| Alma mater | Royal Academy of Fine Arts |
| Known for | Silversmith |
| Movement | Art Nouveau |
| Website | Official Website |
Early life
editBorn in 1866, Jensen was the son of a knife grinder in the town of Raadvad, just to the north of Copenhagen.[1] Jensen began his training in goldsmithing at the age of 14 in Copenhagen.[2] His apprenticeship with the firm Guldsmed Andersen ended in 1884, and this freed Georg to follow his artistic interests.
In 1884 he became a journeyman and in 1887 he enrolled at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (Kongelige Danske Kunstakademi), where he studied sculpture with Theobald Stein.[2] He graduated in 1892 and began exhibiting his work. After graduation he started studying ceramics with Joachim Petersen (1870–1943).[2]
Although his ceramic sculptures were well received, making a living as a fine artist proved difficult and he turned his hand to the applied arts: first as a modeller at the Bing & Grøndahl porcelain factory and, beginning in 1898, with a small pottery workshop he founded in partnership with Christian Petersen. Again the work was well received, but the sales were not strong enough to support Jensen, now a widower, and his two young sons.
Career
editJensen made his first piece of jewelry in 1899, a silver and gilt "Adam and Eve" belt buckle.[3] In 1901, Jensen abandoned ceramics and began again as a silversmith and designer with the master Mogens Ballin.[4] This led Jensen to make a landmark decision, when in 1904, he risked what small capital he had and opened his own little silversmithy at 36 Bredgade in Copenhagen.
Jensen's training in metalsmithing along with his education in the fine arts allowed him to combine the two disciplines and revive the tradition of the artist craftsman. Soon, the beauty and quality of his Art Nouveau creations caught the eye of the public and his success was assured. His silver and jewelry designs from this period often featured plump abstract organic shapes and were accented with gemstones like amber, garnet, citrine, malachite, moonstone, and opal. This approach reflected his personal style, which was rooted in the Art Nouveau movement, but also transcended it with a more streamlined version popular in the 1920s and 1930s.[5] The Copenhagen quarters were greatly expanded and before the end of the 1920s, Jensen had opened retail stores in Berlin (1909), London (1921), and New York City (1924).[4] The New York retail store, Georg Jensen Inc. (New York, NY), was founded and operated independently as a family business by Frederik Lunning, a successful salesman of Georg Jensen products first in Odense, then in Copenhagen. The first store, 1924-1935, was incorporated as Georg Jensen Handmade Silver, followed in 1935-1978 by the large Fifth Avenue department store selling many goods aside from Jensen silver, incorporated as Georg Jensen Inc.[6]
In 1930, Adda Husted Andersen worked for Jensen in New York City, enameling homewares.[7]
Museum collections and exhibitions
editDuring his lifetime, Jensen's work was collected by museums including the Danish Museum for Decorative Art and the Museum Folkwang.[4]
In 2005, the Bard Graduate Center in New York presented an exhibition entitled, Georg Jensen Jewelry.[4][8][3]
Georg Jensen brand signs
editWhen he was twenty Georg Jensen signed his first sculpture with "My Father" (1887). In 1894 he used the markings GJ as brandsign and from 1899 he often used GJ. In most cases the year was put next to the brand sign.
Brand signs of Georg Jensen
edit
2. Used 1909–1914
3. Used 1910–1925
4. Used 1915–1930
5. Used 1915–1927
6. Used 1925–1932
7. Used in the years 1930–1939 for engravings
8. Used 1933–1944
9. Used 1945–1951 for items that were sold in Copenhagen
10. Used 1945–present
Brand signs from the designers of Georg Jensen
editSource:[9]
2. Gundorph Albertus (1887–1970)
3. Harald Nielsen (1892–1977)
4. Arno Malinowski (1899–1976)
5. Sigvard Bernadotte (1907–2002)
6. Henning Koppel (1918–1981)
7. Bent Gabrielsen (b. 1928)
8. Nanna en Jorgen Ditzel
9. Nanna Ditzel (1923–2005)
10. Vivianna Torun Bulow-Hube (1927–2004)
11. Allan Scharff (b. 1940)
Family tree Georg Jensen
edit| Jørgen Jensen 1831-1895 | Martha Martine Marie Harding 1831-1903 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Georg Arthur Jensen 1866-1935 | Alexander | Charles Johan | Arild Oscar | Valdemar Louis | Frits | Astrid | Valborg | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marie Christiane Antonette Wulff 1864-1897 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vidar Wulff Jensen 1891-1987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jørgen Adolf Harding Jensen 1895-1966 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Magna Maren Petersen 1865-1907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vibeke Jensen 1904-1937 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Laura Julie Johanne Nielsen 1883-1918 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lise Georg Jensen 1912-1994 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Birgitte Georg Jensen 1914-1998 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Søren Georg Jensen 1917-1982 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Magdalene Hanna Agnes Christiansen 1888-1966 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mette Georg Jensen 1921-2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ib Georg Jensen 1927-2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ a b "Georg Arthur Jensen". kunst-und-kultur.de.
- ^ a b c Lunning, Elizabeth (2003). Jensen, Georg (Arthur). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t044604 – via Grove Art Online.
- ^ a b Esplund, Lance (4 August 2005). "Jewelry's Rhythms". The New York Sun. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
- ^ a b c d "Georg Jensen Jewelry Exhibition". bgc.bard.edu. Bard Graduate Center. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
- ^ Misiorowski, Elise B.; Dirlam, Dona M. (1986-01-01). "Art Nouveau: Jewels and Jewelers". Gems & Gemology. 22 (4): 209–228. doi:10.5741/GEMS.22.4.209. ISSN 0016-626X.
- ^ Jenssen, Victoria (2022). "Ch.3: Georg Jensen Inc, Frederik Lunning, and Carol Janeway". The Art of Carol Janeway: A Tile & Ceramics Career with Georg Jensen Inc. and Ossip Zadkine in 1940s Manhattan. Friesen Press.
- ^ "In Memory of Adda Husted-Andersen, 1900-1990 - Ganoksin Jewelry Making Community". Ganoksin. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
- ^ Moonan, Wendy (22 July 2005). "Celebrating an Artist Who Was Also a Craftsman". New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
- ^ "Georg Jensen designers". Antiques in Oxford. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
Sources
editGeorg Jensen, Ib (1999 & 2004) ”Der var engang en sølvsmed - Historien om min far Georg Jensen” (Once there were a silversmith – the story of my father). By Ib Georg Jensen, Georg Jensen's youngest son and published in Danish by publishing house Aschehoug, Denmark, in 1999 (1st Edition) ISBN 9788755334410, 227 pages. Also published in Danish by publishing house Forum (Forlaget Forum), Denmark, in 2004 (2nd Edition) ISBN 9788755334410, 227 pages.
External links
edit- Official Georg Jensen Page
- The Georg Jensen Society
- Georg Jensen Background information on the history and design drafts at the design agency TAGWERC (in German)