συκοφάντης
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editσῦκον (sûkon, “fig”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “show”) + -της (-tēs, masculine agent-noun suffix).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /syː.ko.pʰán.tɛːs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /sy.koˈpʰan.te̝s/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /sy.koˈɸan.tis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /sy.koˈfan.tis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /si.koˈfan.dis/
Noun
editσῡκοφᾰ́ντης • (sūkophántēs) m (genitive σῡκοφᾰ́ντου); first declension (Attic, Koine)
- informant, denouncer (in court)
- professional swindler
- extortioner, oppressor
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Proverbs 28.16:
- βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας συκοφάντης, ὁ δὲ μισῶν ἀδικίαν μακρὸν χρόνον ζήσεται.
- basileùs endeḕs prosódōn mégas sukophántēs, ho dè misôn adikían makròn khrónon zḗsetai.
- Translation by Charles Lee Brenton
- A king in need of revenues is a great oppressor: but he who hates injustice shall live a long time.
- βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας συκοφάντης, ὁ δὲ μισῶν ἀδικίαν μακρὸν χρόνον ζήσεται.
Declension
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ σῡκοφᾰ́ντης ho sūkophántēs |
τὼ σῡκοφᾰ́ντᾱ tṑ sūkophántā |
οἱ σῡκοφᾰ́νται hoi sūkophántai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ σῡκοφᾰ́ντου toû sūkophántou |
τοῖν σῡκοφᾰ́νταιν toîn sūkophántain |
τῶν σῡκοφᾰντῶν tôn sūkophantôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ σῡκοφᾰ́ντῃ tôi sūkophántēi |
τοῖν σῡκοφᾰ́νταιν toîn sūkophántain |
τοῖς σῡκοφᾰ́νταις toîs sūkophántais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν σῡκοφᾰ́ντην tòn sūkophántēn |
τὼ σῡκοφᾰ́ντᾱ tṑ sūkophántā |
τοὺς σῡκοφᾰ́ντᾱς toùs sūkophántās | ||||||||||
Vocative | σῡκοφᾰ́ντᾰ sūkophánta |
σῡκοφᾰ́ντᾱ sūkophántā |
σῡκοφᾰ́νται sūkophántai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
edit- σῡκοφᾰντέω (sūkophantéō)
- σῡκοφᾰ́ντημᾰ (sūkophántēma)
- σῡκοφᾰντητός (sūkophantētós)
- σῡκοφᾰντῐ́ᾱ (sūkophantíā)
- σῡκοφᾰντῐ́ᾱς (sūkophantíās)
- σῡκοφᾰντῐκός (sūkophantikós)
- σῡκοφᾰ́ντρῐᾱ (sūkophántriā)
- σῡκοφᾰντώδης (sūkophantṓdēs)
Descendants
edit- Latin: sȳcophanta
- Greek: συκοφάντης (sykofántis)
Further reading
edit- “συκοφάντης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “συκοφάντης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- συκοφάντης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Greek
editEtymology
editFrom the Ancient Greek συκοφάντης (sukophántēs, “informant”). But how a φάντης (“who shows”) σῦκα (sûka, “figs”) came to mean "informant", is debated.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editσυκοφάντης • (sykofántis) m (feminine συκοφάντισσα or συκοφάντρια)
Usage notes
editσυκοφάντης is a false friend of English sycophant, since the modern meaning of the English word is different.
Related terms
edit- συκοφάντηση f (sykofántisi, “calumniation”)
- συκοφαντία f (sykofantía, “calumniation”)
- συκοφαντικός (sykofantikós, “calumniatory”)
- συκοφαντώ (sykofantó, “calumniatε”)
- and see at φαντάζω (fantázo) and σύκο n (sýko, “fig”)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek compound terms
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -της (agent noun)
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the first declension
- Attic Greek
- Koine Greek
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- el:People