Lithuanian

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Etymology

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From *lud-, the zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *lewd-. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *lȗdъ (crazy, foolish) < *loud-; compare Serbo-Croatian lȗd (crazy, immature), Russian archaic луд (lud, stupid, crazy). If this *lewd is the same root (to bend) as in Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍄𐍃 (liuts, deceitful), Old English lūtan (bend, stoop), Old Norse lúta (bow, submit), the semantic shift may be explained as "to bend" > "bring down, humble" > "depress".

The palatalisation of the l must be due to the influence of an unattested e-grade *liaud-.[1][2]

Adjective

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liū̃dnas m (feminine liūdnà, neuter liū̃dna) stress pattern 4

  1. sad, downhearted, sorrowful
  2. causing sadness, depressing

Declension

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References

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  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “liūdnas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 289
  2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 290