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== Utilities ==
== Utilities ==
* [[Egyptian Electricity Holding Company]] (EEHC)
* [[Egyptian Electricity Holding Company]] (EEHC)
* Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW)<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://www.hcww.com.eg/en/about-the-holding-company-for-water-and-wastewater/ |access-date=2024-01-19 |website=Holding Company for Water and Wastewater |language=en-US}}</ref> ''(Owns 25 local and regional subsidiaries)''
* Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW)
* Egypt Gas
* Egypt Gas


Revision as of 09:46, 19 January 2024

In 1952 Egypt’s private sector accounted for 76 percent of economic investment. Following the nationalization plans carried out by President Gamal Abdel Nasser in the effort to build a post-independence socialist state, this percentage drastically shifted within a few decades to government investment accounting for over 80 percent of economic investment.[1] This figure included all banking, insurance, foreign trade, medium and heavy industry air transport, and public utilities, as well as many retail stores, newspapers, maritime transport, construction companies, and large infrastructure assets.

By the late 1970s, president Sadat shifted Egypt to the Infitah, or an 'open door' liberal policy. However, despite a number of rounds of privatisation stipulated by the IMF and World Bank Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program (ERSAP) in the 1990s, that saw over 400 companies privatized, by 2015 there were 52 economic authorities, 102 service authorities, and 146 state-owned enterprises that were affiliated with nine holding companies.[1] 30 Service authorities depend on recapitalization or operate on a subsidized business model. SOEs either are under specific ministries or are companies wholly or majority controlled by the state and operating under the authority of line ministries. These are mainly companies considered “strategic" in sectors such as electricity, aviation, banks, housing, petroleum, agriculture, textile, chemical industry, mining industry, transport, construction, tourism, pharmaceutical, and food processing holdings.[1]

The following is a list of key state-owned enterprises in Egypt, and a number of their subsidiaries.

Transportation

Media & Communication

Petroleum, Chemicals & Mining

Contracting & Real Estate

  • New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA)[5]
    • City Edge Developments (84%)
    • Hyde Park Developments (78%)
    • Saudi Egyptian Developers (50%)
    • Administrative Capital for Urban Development - ACUD (49%, 25.5% NSPO)
  • Holding Company for Construction and Development (HCCD)[6]
    • El Nasr Housing and Development
    • Maadi Co. For Development and Reconstruction
    • Heliopolis Co. For Housing and Development (Listed)
    • Nasr General Contracting Co.(Hassan Allam)
    • Misr Concrete Development Co.
    • High Dam Electrical & Industrial Projects Co. (HIDELECO)
    • Societe Egyptienne D’entreprises (Moukhtar Ibrahim)
    • The Egyptian Contracting Co. (El Abd)
  • Arab Contractors

Banking & Insurance

Pharmaceuticals

  • Holding Company for Pharmaceuticals (Holdipharma)[8]
    • Arab Drug Co.
    • Chemical Industries Development Co. (CID)
    • El Nasr pharmaceutical chemicals Co.
    • Misr Co. for Pharmacutical Products
    • The Nile Co . for Pharmaceuticals & Chemical Industries
    • Medical Appliances & Packages Co
    • Alexandria Co. for Pharmaceutical
    • Holdipharma For Marketing & Export Co.
    • Memphis Co. for Pharmaceuticals and Chemical Industries
    • Kahira for Pharmaceuticals & Chemical Industries Co.
  • Holding Compnay for Biological Products and Vaccines - VACSERA[9]

Manufacturing & Retail

Utilities

Tourism

  • Holding Company for Tourism and Hotels (HOTAC)[11]
    • Egyptian General Company for Tourism & Hotels (EGOTH)
    • ElMamoura Company for Construction & Tourist Development
    • Misr Travel Company
    • Misr Hotels Company (50%)

A

B

C

E

H

M

N

O

S

T

See also

Economy of Egypt

State ownership

State-owned enterprise

References

  1. ^ a b c F, Raballand,Gael J. R. "Middle East and North Africa - Governance reforms of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) : lessons from four case studies (Egypt, Iraq, Morocco, and Tunisia)". World Bank. Retrieved 19 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ [www.civilaviation.gov.eg/Companies/AirportCompany "Companies"]. Ministry of Civil Aviation. Retrieved 18 January 2024. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  3. ^ "Home". miaso.org.eg. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  4. ^ "عن الهيئة | الهيئة الوطنية للإعلام". www.maspero.eg. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  5. ^ "Estimating the Size of Public Sector Real Estate in Egypt". Built Environment Observatory. 18 April 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  6. ^ "HCCD". www.hccd-construction.com. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  7. ^ "هيكل مجموعة شركات مصر القابضة للتأمين | مصر القابضة للتأمين". www.misrholding.com. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  8. ^ "Affiliates". www.holdipharma.com. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  9. ^ "VACSERA CO". www.vacsera.com. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  10. ^ "About". Holding Company for Water and Wastewater. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  11. ^ "Company Information – hotac". Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  12. ^ "أنشطة الشركات التابعه للقطاع الصفحة الرئيسية".
  13. ^ "قائمة الشركات الحكومية المرشحة للطرح ببورصة مصر في 2023". asharqbusiness.com (in Arabic). 6 February 2023.
  14. ^ "عن الهيئة | الهيئة الوطنية للإعلام". www.maspero.eg. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  15. ^ "وزارة قطاع الأعمال العام - الشركات القابضة". mpbs.gov.eg.
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