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David Edwards MBE MA MBBS DSc FRCP FRCR FRCPCH FMedSci (born 26 November 1954) is a British Paediatrician and Neuroscientist. He is Professor of Paediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, and the Director of the Centre for the Developing Brain, at King’s College London and Consultant Neonatologist at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust.

His research has focused on the human brain development around the time of birth. He known for his work on therapeutic hypothermia, the only proven treatment for infants who suffer shortage of oxygen at birth, and the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the newborn, including mapping the growth of connections within the brain (the connectome) in the fetus and newborn infant.

Education

Edwards was King’s Scholar at the King’s School Worcester and was awarded an Open Scholarship in Modern History to St Peter’s College Oxford, graduating in 1978. He attended Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a Kennedy Scholar, returning to study medicine at Guy’s Hospital Medical School and graduating 1983. He trained in General Medicine, and then in Neonatology with Osmund Reynolds at University College London. In 2011 he received the first Doctor of Science Degree to be awarded in the Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London.

Career

Edwards was appointed Senior Lecturer at University College London in 1991. In 1992 he became Weston Professor of Neonatal Medicine at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School and Consultant Neonatologist at the Hammersmith and Queen Charlotte's Hospitals. In 1994 with colleagues he established the world-first dedicated neonatal MRI scanner within the neonatal unit at Hammersmith Hospital, with full intensive care capability which allowed study and diagnosis of brain disorders in even the smallest and most vulnerable infants. The Royal Postgraduate Medical School merged with Imperial College London and in 1998 Edwards became Head of the Division of Paediatrics Obstetrics and Gynaecology. He was Group Head in the Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre at Hammersmith 1999-2011 and from 2006 to 2013 was Associate Director of the National Institute for Health Research Medicines for Children Research Network.

In 2011 with funding from the Medical Research Council he moved with colleagues to King’s College London to found and direct the Centre for the Developing Brain which was opened by the Chief Medical Officer, Dame Sally Davies, and the Government Chief Scientific Advisor, Sir Mark Walport in 2013. He was appointed Consultant Neonatologist at the Evelina London Children’s Hospital, and Group Head at the Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Edwards is a Fellow of four Royal Colleges: Physicians; Radiologists; Paediatrics and Child Health; and the Academy of Medical Sciences. He is a Trustee of Action Medical Research and the Galen and Hilary Weston Foundation, and has served as chair or member on numerous boards and panels for institutions including: the National Institutes of Health USA; Health Research Authority; Wellcome Trust; Medical Research Council; National Institute for Health Research; INSERM; London School of Paediatrics; and the Academy of Medical Sciences.

Research

Birth asphyxia and therapeutic hypothermia.

Edwards was one of the group of scientists that discovered that a modest reduction in brain temperature prevents the development of brain damage if applied after oxygen starvation during birth; it remains the only effective treatment for infants suffering birth asphyxia. He was involved at all stages of the development: in the laboratory experiments which demonstrated the effect[1]; in work elucidating the mechanisms involved[2]; in human pilot studies[3] and in the definitive trials[4][5]; in meta-analysis of the trial data[6]; post-implementation monitoring [7]; and in long-term follow up of the effect of treatment[8]. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence mandated therapeutic hypothermia in the United Kingdom in 2011[9] and Edwards helped write the British Association of Perinatal Medicine Guidelines for the implementation of the therapy in the United Kingdom [10].

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Premature Birth

Edwards worked with colleagues to extend the use of MRI to understand the problems suffered by infants born extremely preterm. They installed the world-first dedicated neonatal MRI scanner in the Hammersmith Hospital in 1994 with full intensive care capabilities, able to image the smallest and sickest infants needing intensive care[11]. This approach has improved understanding of the issues of preterm birth and provides a tool for testing new therapies to improve outcomes for affected infants [12] [13] [14].

Connectomics

Connectomics is the novel scientific field which aims to map all the connections in the brain at micro, meso or macro scale. Macroscale connectomics which investigates links of the scale of millimetres predominantly uses MRI. Edwards led the Developing Human Connectome Project, a major programme funded by the European Research Council which mapped the development of connectivity in the fetal and newborn human brain using structural and functional MRI[15]. Early results from this project can be seen in the BBC Horizon programme "10 things you need to know about the future"[16]. The brain images from the project are made freely available to researchers, together with collateral demographic, clinical, neuodevelopmental, genetic and epigenetic information which can be accessed through the National Institute for Mental Health data repository portal [17]. The data form part of the first map of human brain development across the lifespan[18], and are being used by scientists across the world to understand human brain development and connectivity[19]

Awards and Honours

2005    Honorary Member, British Association of Perinatal Medicine[20]

2002    Fellow of Academy of Medical Sciences[21]

2007    Arvo Ylppo Quinquennial Gold Medal and Prize (Finland)[22]

2008    National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator[23]

2023    James Spence Medal, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health[24]

2023    Honorary Member, Neonatal Society[25]

2024    Member of the Order of the British Empire[26]

Personal Life

In 1978 Edwards married Catherine James, lately Treasurer to the Household of their Royal Highness’s The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall, and currently Privy Purse Private to his Majesty King Charles III. They have one son and one daughter.

Edwards's interests are listed in Who’s Who as the Renaissance Lute and Sailing[27]. He rowed for Oxford in the Boat Race in 1976, winning in a record time; and for Harvard University, winning the Championship Eights at the Head of the Charles in 1978.

References

  1. ^ Thoresen, M.; Penrice, J.; Lorek, A.; Cady, E. B.; Wylezinska, M.; Kirkbride, V.; Cooper, C. E.; Brown, G. C.; Edwards, A. D.; Wyatt, J. S. (1995-05). "Mild hypothermia after severe transient hypoxia-ischemia ameliorates delayed cerebral energy failure in the newborn piglet". Pediatric Research. 37 (5): 667–670. doi:10.1203/00006450-199505000-00019. ISSN 0031-3998. PMID 7603788. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ Edwards, A. D.; Yue, X.; Squier, M. V.; Thoresen, M.; Cady, E. B.; Penrice, J.; Cooper, C. E.; Wyatt, J. S.; Reynolds, E. O.; Mehmet, H. (1995-12-26). "Specific inhibition of apoptosis after cerebral hypoxia-ischaemia by moderate post-insult hypothermia". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 217 (3): 1193–1199. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.2895. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 8554576.
  3. ^ Azzopardi, D.; Robertson, N. J.; Cowan, F. M.; Rutherford, M. A.; Rampling, M.; Edwards, A. D. (2000-10). "Pilot study of treatment with whole body hypothermia for neonatal encephalopathy". Pediatrics. 106 (4): 684–694. doi:10.1542/peds.106.4.684. ISSN 1098-4275. PMID 11015509. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ^ Azzopardi, Denis V.; Strohm, Brenda; Edwards, A. David; Dyet, Leigh; Halliday, Henry L.; Juszczak, Edmund; Kapellou, Olga; Levene, Malcolm; Marlow, Neil; Porter, Emma; Thoresen, Marianne; Whitelaw, Andrew; Brocklehurst, Peter; TOBY Study Group (2009-10-01). "Moderate hypothermia to treat perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 361 (14): 1349–1358. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0900854. ISSN 1533-4406. PMID 19797281.
  5. ^ Gluckman, Peter D.; Wyatt, John S.; Azzopardi, Denis; Ballard, Roberta; Edwards, A. David; Ferriero, Donna M.; Polin, Richard A.; Robertson, Charlene M.; Thoresen, Marianne; Whitelaw, Andrew; Gunn, Alistair J. (2005 Feb 19-25). "Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: multicentre randomised trial". Lancet (London, England). 365 (9460): 663–670. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17946-X. ISSN 1474-547X. PMID 15721471. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ^ Edwards, A. David; Brocklehurst, Peter; Gunn, Alistair J.; Halliday, Henry; Juszczak, Edmund; Levene, Malcolm; Strohm, Brenda; Thoresen, Marianne; Whitelaw, Andrew; Azzopardi, Denis (2010-02-09). "Neurological outcomes at 18 months of age after moderate hypothermia for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: synthesis and meta-analysis of trial data". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 340: c363. doi:10.1136/bmj.c363. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 2819259. PMID 20144981.
  7. ^ Azzopardi, Denis; Strohm, Brenda; Linsell, Louise; Hobson, Anna; Juszczak, Edmund; Kurinczuk, Jennifer J.; Brocklehurst, Peter; Edwards, A. David; UK TOBY Cooling Register (2012). "Implementation and conduct of therapeutic hypothermia for perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy in the UK--analysis of national data". PloS One. 7 (6): e38504. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038504. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3374836. PMID 22719897.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Azzopardi, Denis; Strohm, Brenda; Marlow, Neil; Brocklehurst, Peter; Deierl, Aniko; Eddama, Oya; Goodwin, Julia; Halliday, Henry L.; Juszczak, Edmund; Kapellou, Olga; Levene, Malcolm; Linsell, Louise; Omar, Omar; Thoresen, Marianne; Tusor, Nora (2014-07-10). "Effects of hypothermia for perinatal asphyxia on childhood outcomes". The New England Journal of Medicine. 371 (2): 140–149. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1315788. ISSN 1533-4406. PMID 25006720.
  9. ^ "Overview | Therapeutic hypothermia with intracorporeal temperature monitoring for hypoxic perinatal brain injury | Guidance | NICE". www.nice.org.uk. 2010-05-26. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  10. ^ "Therapeutic Hypothermia for Neonatal Encephalopathy". British Association of Perinatal Medicine. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  11. ^ Battin, M.; Maalouf, E. F.; Counsell, S.; Herilhy, A. H.; Edwards, A. D. (1997-06-14). "Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of premature infants". Lancet (London, England). 349 (9067): 1741. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(97)24024-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 9193386.
  12. ^ Ajayi-Obe, M.; Saeed, N.; Cowan, F. M.; Rutherford, M. A.; Edwards, A. D. (2000-09-30). "Reduced development of cerebral cortex in extremely preterm infants". Lancet (London, England). 356 (9236): 1162–1163. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02761-6. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11030298.
  13. ^ Duggan, P. J.; Maalouf, E. F.; Watts, T. L.; Sullivan, M. H.; Counsell, S. J.; Allsop, J.; Al-Nakib, L.; Rutherford, M. A.; Battin, M.; Roberts, I.; Edwards, A. D. (2001-11-17). "Intrauterine T-cell activation and increased proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in preterm infants with cerebral lesions". Lancet (London, England). 358 (9294): 1699–1700. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06723-x. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11728550.
  14. ^ Ball, Gareth; Srinivasan, Latha; Aljabar, Paul; Counsell, Serena J.; Durighel, Giuliana; Hajnal, Joseph V.; Rutherford, Mary A.; Edwards, A. David (2013-06-04). "Development of cortical microstructure in the preterm human brain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (23): 9541–9546. doi:10.1073/pnas.1301652110. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 3677430. PMID 23696665.
  15. ^ Eyre, Michael; Fitzgibbon, Sean P.; Ciarrusta, Judit; Cordero-Grande, Lucilio; Price, Anthony N.; Poppe, Tanya; Schuh, Andreas; Hughes, Emer; O'Keeffe, Camilla; Brandon, Jakki; Cromb, Daniel; Vecchiato, Katy; Andersson, Jesper; Duff, Eugene P.; Counsell, Serena J. (2021-08-17). "The Developing Human Connectome Project: typical and disrupted perinatal functional connectivity". Brain: A Journal of Neurology. 144 (7): 2199–2213. doi:10.1093/brain/awab118. ISSN 1460-2156. PMC 8370420. PMID 33734321.
  16. ^ BBC. "10 things you need to know about the future". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  17. ^ "NIMH Data Archive - Data - Collection". nda.nih.gov. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  18. ^ Bethlehem, R. a. I.; Seidlitz, J.; White, S. R.; Vogel, J. W.; Anderson, K. M.; Adamson, C.; Adler, S.; Alexopoulos, G. S.; Anagnostou, E.; Areces-Gonzalez, A.; Astle, D. E.; Auyeung, B.; Ayub, M.; Bae, J.; Ball, G. (2022-04). "Brain charts for the human lifespan". Nature. 604 (7906): 525–533. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04554-y. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 9021021. PMID 35388223. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  19. ^ ""developing human connectome" - Search Results - PubMed". PubMed. Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  20. ^ "British Association of Perinatal Medicine Honorary Members". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  21. ^ "Academy of Medical Sciences Fellows Directory". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  22. ^ "Arvo Ylppö Medal 2007". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  23. ^ "NIHR Senior Investigators Directory". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  24. ^ "Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health James Spence Medalists". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  25. ^ "Neonatal Society Honorary Members". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  26. ^ "The King's New Years Honours List 2024". Retrieved 30-1-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  27. ^ Who's who. London: AC Black and Co. 2003. p. 641.
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