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<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE -->{{User sandbox}}The '''Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law''' ('''KIBHR'''; {{Lang-kk|Адам құқықтары мен заңдылықты сақтау жөніндегі Қазақстан халықаралық бюросы|translit=Adam quqıqtarı men zañdılıqtı saqtaw jönindegi Qazaqstan xalıqaralıq byurosı}}, '''AQmZSJQXB'''; {{Lang-ru|Казахстанское международное бюро по правам человека и соблюдению законности|translit=Kazakhstanskoye mezhdunarodnoye byuro po pravam cheloveka i soblyudeniyu zakonnosti}}, '''KMBPCh''') is a non-governmental organisation that aims to protect the civil and political rights of Kazakhstani citizens, and to develop democracy, rule of law, and civil society building in the country. |
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<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE -->{{User sandbox}}'''Mmapaseka "Steve" Letsike''' is a South African human rights activist. Well known for her [[HIV/AIDS in South Africa|AIDS activism]] through her leadership roles within the South African National AIDS Council, Letsike is also one of the most prominent lesbian figures within the [[African National Congress]], and has campaigned for [[LGBT rights in South Africa]]. |
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KIBHR was founded in 1993 by a group of Kazakhstani human rights activists, with the support of the non-governmental organisation the Union of Councils for Soviet Jews.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law (KIBHR) |url=https://forum-asia.org/?famember=kazakhstan-international-bureau-for-human-rights-and-rule-of-law-kibhr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417230817/https://forum-asia.org/?famember=kazakhstan-international-bureau-for-human-rights-and-rule-of-law-kibhr |archive-date=17 April 2019 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=FORUM-ASIA |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2013 |title=Казахстанское международное бюро по правам человека и соблюдению законности: 20 лет на страже прав человека |url=http://medialaw.asia/posts/11-07-2013/73276.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922214909/https://medialaw.asia/posts/11-07-2013/73276.html |archive-date=22 September 2020 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=Pravo i SMI Tsentralnoy Azii |language=ru-RU}}</ref> |
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== Activism == |
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KIBHR advocates for the protection of fundamental human rights, including freedom from torture and ill-treatment.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and the Rule of Law (KIBHR) |url=https://www.omct.org/en/network-members/kazakhstan-international-bureau-for-human-rights-and-the-rule-of-law-kibhr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923215858/https://www.omct.org/en/network-members/kazakhstan-international-bureau-for-human-rights-and-the-rule-of-law-kibhr |archive-date=23 September 2023 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=[[World Organisation Against Torture]] |language=en}}</ref> |
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=== HIV/AIDS activism === |
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Letsike was the deputy chair of the South African National AIDS Council, and served as the chair of its National Society Forum, implementing policies at a grassroots and local level.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Sizonqoba_Outliving_AIDS_in_Southern_Afr/uqisDgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=Sizonqoba! outliving AIDS in Southern Africa |date=2017 |publisher=Africa Institute of South Africa |isbn=978-0-7983-0499-3 |editor-last=Ngcaweni |editor-first=Busani |location=Pretoria |language=en-ZA |access-date=2 March 2024 |editor-last2=}}</ref> For several years, Letsike served as deputy to [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], who went on to become the [[President of South Africa]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=20 October 2018 |title=LGBT History Month — October 20: Steve Letsike |url=http://qnotescarolinas.com/lgbt-history-month-october-20-steve-letsike/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913113400/https://qnotescarolinas.com/lgbt-history-month-october-20-steve-letsike/ |archive-date=13 September 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Qnotes Carolinas |language=en-US}}</ref> Through her role with SANAC, Letsike called on increased psychosocial support, in addition to [[Management of HIV/AIDS|antiretroviral programmes]], for people diagnosed with [[HIV/AIDS]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=October |first=Alicestine |last2=Voigt |first2=Elri |date=21 June 2023 |title=Sobering moments at opening of SA AIDS Conference |url=https://www.spotlightnsp.co.za/2023/06/21/sobering-moments-at-opening-of-sa-aids-conference/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123060819/https://www.spotlightnsp.co.za/2023/06/21/sobering-moments-at-opening-of-sa-aids-conference/ |archive-date=23 January 2024 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Spotlight |language=en-ZA}}</ref> |
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KIBHR promotes human rights through education, data collection, analysis, and advocacy work.<ref name=":1" /> |
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In 2015, Letsike represented South Africa at the launch of the DREAMS Partnership, aiming to secure an AIDS-free future for women in [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2015 |title=DREAMS initiative for adolescent girls and young women in South Africa |url=https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2015/november/20151117_dreams |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211204308/https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2015/november/20151117_dreams |archive-date=11 December 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=[[Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS]] |language=en}}</ref> |
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KIBHR's head office is in Almaty, and it has ten branches throughout the regions of Kazakhstan, including in Astana, Aktau, Aktobe, Karaganda, Kostanay, Pavlodar, Uralsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk, and Shymkent.<ref name=":0" /> |
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In 2021, Ramaphosa named Letsike to the Chief Justice Panel, to interview shortlisted candidates and to decide who to replace [[Mogoeng Mogoeng]] at the end of his term as [[Chief Justice of South Africa]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Igual |first=Roberto |date=18 September 2021 |title=LGBTIQ+ leader Steve Letsike included on Chief Justice Panel |url=https://www.mambaonline.com/2021/09/18/ramaphosa-includes-lgbtiq-leader-steve-letsike-on-chief-justice-panel/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022154559/https://www.mambaonline.com/2021/09/18/ramaphosa-includes-lgbtiq-leader-steve-letsike-on-chief-justice-panel/ |archive-date=22 October 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=MambaOnline |language=en-ZA}}</ref> |
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Its director is Yevgeny Zhovtis.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== LGBT activism === |
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As a teenager, Letsike successfully challenged her high school's uniform policy, which had prohibited girls from wearing trousers. She also established its first female football team.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Rakhetsi |first=Aaron |date=30 June 2021 |title=10 Amazing African LGBTQ+ Activists You Need to Know |url=https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/African-lgbtq-activists-who-changed-africa/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202094654/https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/African-lgbtq-activists-who-changed-africa/ |archive-date=2 December 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=[[Global Citizen (organization)|Global Citizen]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Staples |first=Louis |date=8 January 2020 |title=Inside the fight for LGBT+ rights across the Commonwealth |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/lgbt-gay-rights-commonwealth-mauritius-homosexuality-british-empire-a8912641.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516163011/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/lgbt-gay-rights-commonwealth-mauritius-homosexuality-british-empire-a8912641.html |archive-date=16 May 2019 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=[[The Independent]] |language=en}}</ref> As an adult, Letsike worked for various organisations, including Anova Health Institute, which provided sexual health services to [[Men who have sex with men|men who had sex with men]] in Gauteng, [[Mpumalanga|Mpamalanga]], [[North West (South African province)|North West]], [[Limpopo]], and [[Western Cape]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 June 2013 |title=Q and A Feature with Mmapaseka “Steve” Letsike |url=https://genderjustice.org.za/news-item/q-and-a-feature-with-mmapaseka-steve-letsike/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922044509/https://genderjustice.org.za/news-item/q-and-a-feature-with-mmapaseka-steve-letsike/ |archive-date=22 September 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Sonke Gender Justice |language=en-ZA}}</ref> |
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The KIBHR is divided into different centres with their own tasks and goals, including the Human Rights Centre; the Information and Monitoring Centre; the Educational Centre; and the Volunteer Centre.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Amanzholova |first=B. A. |last2=Polyanskaya |first2=A. Y. |date=2015 |title=Уголовно-правовой аспект характеристики преступлений совершенных по мотиву настиональной, расовой, религиозной ненависти |url=https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23903330 |url-status=live |journal=Nauchnaya Diskussiya |language=ru |volume=8 |issue=36 |pages=66-70 |access-date=3 March 2024 |via=eLibrary.Ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Aliyeva |first=I. Z. |date=2012 |title=Права ребенка в законодательных ахтах Республики Казахстан |url=https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23266057 |journal=Prava cheloveka kak vyssheye dostoyaniye chelovechstva |language=ru |pages=386-390 |via=eLibrary.ru}}</ref> |
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Letsike went on to establish Access Chapter 2, a non-governmental organisation that raised awareness of intersectional issues facing South Africa's marginalised communities, including black people, [[Women in South Africa|women]], children, and the LGBT community. AC2 was named after South Africa's [[Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa|Bill of Rights]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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The KIBHR is part of the Coalition Against Torture, and it monitors detention in 12 of Kazakhstan's 16 regions.<ref name=":1" /> Internationally, since 2013 the KIBHR has been a member of the International Federation of Human Rights.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2013 |title=Новый международной бюро FIDH избран на 38-м конгрессе в Стамбуле |url=https://www.fidh.org/ru/regiony/evropa-i-central-naya-aziya/iranskij-advokat-karim-lahidzhi-izbran-prezidentom-fidh-13305 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222120135/https://www.fidh.org/ru/iranskij-advokat-karim-lahidzhi-izbran-prezidentom-fidh-13305 |archive-date=22 February 2015 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=[[International Federation for Human Rights]] |language=ru}}</ref> |
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Following the murders of several lesbians in 2011, including [[Noxolo Nogwaza]], the [[government of South Africa]] established the National Task Team to investigate the increase in LGBT hate crimes in the country, with Letsike named as co-chair.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Fletcher |first=James |date=6 April 2016 |title=Born free, killed by hate - the price of being gay in South Africa |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-35967725 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816211944/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-35967725 |archive-date=16 August 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |work=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> In 2014, she wrote an open letter to African leaders following the passing of the [[Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2014|Anti-Homosexuality Act]] by the [[Politics of Uganda|government of Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2014 |title=Read Dr Steve Letsike's open letter to African leaders after Uganda outlawed homosexuality |url=https://genderjustice.org.za/news-item/read-dr-steve-letsike-s-open-letter-to-african-leaders-after-uganda-outlawed-homosexuality/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326001929/https://genderjustice.org.za/news-item/read-dr-steve-letsike-s-open-letter-to-african-leaders-after-uganda-outlawed-homosexuality/ |archive-date=26 March 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Sonke Gender Justice |language=en-ZA}}</ref> |
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On 4 November 1999, a fire broke out at the KIBHR's offices, destroying much of their documentation. The KIBHR said at the time they considered the fire to be a deliberate act of arson.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://frontlinedefenders.org/files/en/Front%20Line%20Central%20Asia%20Russian.pdf |title=Ugrozy, napadki, aresty i pritesneniya, kotorym podvergayutsya pravozashchitniki |publisher=[[Front Line Defenders]] |year=2006 |isbn=0-9547883-4-6 |editor-last=Kamalova |editor-first=Nozima |location=Dublin |language=ru |trans-title=Threats, attacks, arrests and harassment, to which human rights defenders are subjected |access-date=3 March 2024 |editor-last2=Vitaliev |editor-first2=Vitaly |editor-last3=Shields |editor-first3=Akeisha |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022104535/http://frontlinedefenders.org/files/en/Front%20Line%20Central%20Asia%20Russian.pdf |archive-date=22 October 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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In 2021, Letsike was named the chair of the Commonwealth Equality Network, an organisation representing civil society organisations working for LGBT rights across the [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2021 |title=SANAC CONGRATULATES STEVE LETSIKE FOR APPOINTMENT AS CHAIR OF THE COMMONWEALTH EQUALITY NETWORK |url=https://sanac.org.za/sanac-congratulates-steve-letsike-for-appointment-as-chair-of-the-commonwealth-equality-network/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921225414/https://sanac.org.za/sanac-congratulates-steve-letsike-for-appointment-as-chair-of-the-commonwealth-equality-network/ |archive-date=21 September 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=South African National AIDS Council |language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> |
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On 15 August 2005, the KIBHR's offices were broken into and looted, resulting in the theft of 10 computers and the loss of KIBHR's electronic records. The theft happened just prior to the 2005 presidential election.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Balaeva |first=Anna |date=17 August 2005 |title=Заявление Казахстанского международного бюро по правам человека и соблюдению законности |url=https://zonakz.net/2005/08/17/zayavlenie-kazaxstanskogo-mezhdunaro-4/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303105240/https://zonakz.net/2005/08/17/zayavlenie-kazaxstanskogo-mezhdunaro-4/ |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=ZONAKZ |language=ru-RU}}</ref> |
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In 2023, Letsike was widely tipped as being likely to be elected to the ANC's [[National Executive Committee of the African National Congress|National Executive Committee]]; when she did not secure a nomination for any of the 87 available seats, the party's Embrace Diversity Political Movement criticised her exclusion and the failure to elect any LGBT people to the NEC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Igual |first=Roberto |date=22 December 2022 |title=Anger as ANC snubs LGBTIQ+ community in NEC election |url=https://www.mambaonline.com/2022/12/22/anger-as-anc-snubs-lgbtiq-community-in-nec-election/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928234030/https://www.mambaonline.com/2022/12/22/anger-as-anc-snubs-lgbtiq-community-in-nec-election/ |archive-date=28 September 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=MambaOnline |language=en-ZA}}</ref> In January 2024, the NEC's General Secretary, [[Fikile Mbalula]], named Letsike as among four new people apponted to the NEC to bring "more balanced representation" to the ANC's decision-making body. She became the second openly LGBT person to sit on the NEC, after [[Lynne Brown]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Igual |first=Roberto |date=31 January 2023 |title=ANC NEC finally has an LGBTIQ+ voice in Steve Letsike |url=https://www.mambaonline.com/2023/01/31/anc-nec-finally-has-an-lgbtiq-voice-in-steve-letsike/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929004824/https://www.mambaonline.com/2023/01/31/anc-nec-finally-has-an-lgbtiq-voice-in-steve-letsike/ |archive-date=29 September 2023 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=MambaOnline |language=en-ZA}}</ref> |
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On 3 September 2009, Zhovits was sentenced to four years in prison by the Balkhash District Court in Almaty.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2009 |title=Казахстан: Правозащитник Евгений Жовтис приговорен к четырем годам тюрьмы |url=http://fergananews.com/news.php?id=12885 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094257/http://www.fergananews.com/news.php?id=12885 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=Fergana |language=ru}}</ref> He was released from prison on 1 February 2012. |
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== Personal life == |
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Letsike was born and raised in [[Atteridgeville]], [[Gauteng]], [[South Africa]]. Letsike's parents both died when she was young, and she was subsequently raised by her grandparents.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> |
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On 25 January 2021, the KIBHR was among three human rights organisations placed under a three month suspension by the State Revenue Office of Almaty, alongside the International Legal Initiative Foundation and Echo; it was also fined 2.3 million KZT after being accused of failing to properly disclose foreign funds received. Zhovits criticised the suspensions as being politically motivated, citing all three organisations were human rights organisations, and further stating that the Entrepreneurial Code did not apply to non-governmental organisations.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=Unprecedented crackdown on human rights organisations in Kazakhstan |url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/statement-report/unprecedented-crackdown-human-rights-organisations |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209144346/https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/statement-report/unprecedented-crackdown-human-rights-organisations |archive-date=9 December 2023 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=[[Front Line Defenders]] |language=en}}</ref> |
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In 2018, Letsike married her long-term partner, Lucy Thukwane.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 May 2018 |title=Steve Letsike weds Lucy Thukwane |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/good-life/weddings/2018-05-02-steve-letsike-weds-lucy-thukwane/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919062422/https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/good-life/weddings/2018-05-02-steve-letsike-weds-lucy-thukwane/#google_vignette |archive-date=19 September 2020 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=SowetanLIVE |language=en-ZA}}</ref> She has a daughter.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Front Line Defenders accused the Kazakhstani government of harassing the KIBHR through the mechanisms of tax authorities and expressed their belief the KIBHR was targeted solely because of its human rights activism.<ref name=":2" /> |
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In July 2022, the KIBHR was among 10 organisations, including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, to call on the Kazakhstani government to establish a fully independent investigation into the January 2022 events.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2022 |title=Kazakhstan: Joint Statement on January 2022 events |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/07/29/kazakhstan-joint-statement-january-2022-events |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118075247/https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/07/29/kazakhstan-joint-statement-january-2022-events |archive-date=18 January 2024 |access-date=3 March 2024 |website=[[Human Rights Watch]] |language=en}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 10:57, 3 March 2024
The Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law (KIBHR; Kazakh: Адам құқықтары мен заңдылықты сақтау жөніндегі Қазақстан халықаралық бюросы, romanized: Adam quqıqtarı men zañdılıqtı saqtaw jönindegi Qazaqstan xalıqaralıq byurosı, AQmZSJQXB; Russian: Казахстанское международное бюро по правам человека и соблюдению законности, romanized: Kazakhstanskoye mezhdunarodnoye byuro po pravam cheloveka i soblyudeniyu zakonnosti, KMBPCh) is a non-governmental organisation that aims to protect the civil and political rights of Kazakhstani citizens, and to develop democracy, rule of law, and civil society building in the country.
KIBHR was founded in 1993 by a group of Kazakhstani human rights activists, with the support of the non-governmental organisation the Union of Councils for Soviet Jews.[1][2]
KIBHR advocates for the protection of fundamental human rights, including freedom from torture and ill-treatment.[3]
KIBHR promotes human rights through education, data collection, analysis, and advocacy work.[3]
KIBHR's head office is in Almaty, and it has ten branches throughout the regions of Kazakhstan, including in Astana, Aktau, Aktobe, Karaganda, Kostanay, Pavlodar, Uralsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk, and Shymkent.[1]
Its director is Yevgeny Zhovtis.[1]
The KIBHR is divided into different centres with their own tasks and goals, including the Human Rights Centre; the Information and Monitoring Centre; the Educational Centre; and the Volunteer Centre.[4][5]
The KIBHR is part of the Coalition Against Torture, and it monitors detention in 12 of Kazakhstan's 16 regions.[3] Internationally, since 2013 the KIBHR has been a member of the International Federation of Human Rights.[6]
On 4 November 1999, a fire broke out at the KIBHR's offices, destroying much of their documentation. The KIBHR said at the time they considered the fire to be a deliberate act of arson.[7]
On 15 August 2005, the KIBHR's offices were broken into and looted, resulting in the theft of 10 computers and the loss of KIBHR's electronic records. The theft happened just prior to the 2005 presidential election.[8]
On 3 September 2009, Zhovits was sentenced to four years in prison by the Balkhash District Court in Almaty.[9] He was released from prison on 1 February 2012.
On 25 January 2021, the KIBHR was among three human rights organisations placed under a three month suspension by the State Revenue Office of Almaty, alongside the International Legal Initiative Foundation and Echo; it was also fined 2.3 million KZT after being accused of failing to properly disclose foreign funds received. Zhovits criticised the suspensions as being politically motivated, citing all three organisations were human rights organisations, and further stating that the Entrepreneurial Code did not apply to non-governmental organisations.[10]
Front Line Defenders accused the Kazakhstani government of harassing the KIBHR through the mechanisms of tax authorities and expressed their belief the KIBHR was targeted solely because of its human rights activism.[10]
In July 2022, the KIBHR was among 10 organisations, including Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, to call on the Kazakhstani government to establish a fully independent investigation into the January 2022 events.[11]
References
- ^ a b c "Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law (KIBHR)". FORUM-ASIA. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ "Казахстанское международное бюро по правам человека и соблюдению законности: 20 лет на страже прав человека". Pravo i SMI Tsentralnoy Azii (in Russian). 11 July 2013. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ a b c "Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and the Rule of Law (KIBHR)". World Organisation Against Torture. Archived from the original on 23 September 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ Amanzholova, B. A.; Polyanskaya, A. Y. (2015). "Уголовно-правовой аспект характеристики преступлений совершенных по мотиву настиональной, расовой, религиозной ненависти". Nauchnaya Diskussiya (in Russian). 8 (36): 66–70. Retrieved 3 March 2024 – via eLibrary.Ru.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Aliyeva, I. Z. (2012). "Права ребенка в законодательных ахтах Республики Казахстан". Prava cheloveka kak vyssheye dostoyaniye chelovechstva (in Russian): 386–390 – via eLibrary.ru.
- ^ "Новый международной бюро FIDH избран на 38-м конгрессе в Стамбуле". International Federation for Human Rights (in Russian). 27 May 2013. Archived from the original on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ Kamalova, Nozima; Vitaliev, Vitaly; Shields, Akeisha, eds. (2006). Ugrozy, napadki, aresty i pritesneniya, kotorym podvergayutsya pravozashchitniki [Threats, attacks, arrests and harassment, to which human rights defenders are subjected] (PDF) (in Russian). Dublin: Front Line Defenders. ISBN 0-9547883-4-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ Balaeva, Anna (17 August 2005). "Заявление Казахстанского международного бюро по правам человека и соблюдению законности". ZONAKZ (in Russian). Archived from the original on 3 March 2024. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ "Казахстан: Правозащитник Евгений Жовтис приговорен к четырем годам тюрьмы". Fergana (in Russian). 3 September 2009. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ a b "Unprecedented crackdown on human rights organisations in Kazakhstan". Front Line Defenders. 29 January 2021. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
- ^ "Kazakhstan: Joint Statement on January 2022 events". Human Rights Watch. 29 July 2022. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 3 March 2024.